Wolemba John LaForge, Kuwongolera, September 20, 2020
Chithunzi Chojambula: antony_mayfield - CC NDI 2.0
Tiyenera kukambirana pagulu ... pazamphamvu ndi zopanda pake za kuletsa zida za nyukiliya.-Rolf Mutzenich, Mtsogoleri wa Chipani cha Democratic Social Party ku Germany
Kudzudzula pagulu zida zanyukiliya zaku US zomwe zidatumizidwa ku Germany kunadzetsa mkangano wamphamvu mdziko lonse lino kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe uku zikuwunika za chiwembu chotchedwa "kugawana zida za nyukiliya" kapena "kutenga nawo mbali pa zida za nyukiliya."
Roland Hipp, mtsogoleri wamkulu ku Greenpeace Germany analemba m'nyuzipepala ya Welt kuti: "Mapeto a kutenga nawo mbali pa zida za nyukiliya pano akukambidwa mozama monga momwe zinalili, osati kalekale, kutuluka kwa mphamvu za nyukiliya."
Mabomba a nyukiliya a 20 aku US omwe ali ku Büchel Air Base ku Germany asatchuka kwambiri, kotero kuti andale komanso atsogoleri achipembedzo alowa nawo mabungwe olimbana ndi nkhondo pofuna kuti achotsedwe ndipo alonjeza kuti apange zida zankhondo pachisankho cha chaka chamawa.
Zokambirana pagulu lero ku Germany mwina zidayambitsidwa ndi Nyumba Yamalamulo yaku Belgium, yomwe pa Januware 16 idatsala pang'ono kuthamangitsa zida zaku US zomwe zidali pa eyapoti yake ya Kleine Brogel. Mwa voti 74 mpaka 66, mamembalawo sanathetse vuto lomwe linalamula boma kuti "ipange, posachedwa, mapu olimbikitsa kuchotsa zida za nyukiliya mdera la Belgian." Mtsutsowu udabwera komiti yazamalamulo zakunja kwa nyumba yamalamulo itavomereza lingaliro loti zida ziwirizi zichotsedwe ku Belgium, komanso kuti dzikolo livomereze Mgwirizano Wapadziko Lonse Woletsa Nuclear Weapons.
Opanga malamulo ku Belgium mwina adalimbikitsidwa kuganiziranso za "kugawana zida zanyukiliya" kwa boma, pomwe pa 20 February, 2019 mamembala atatu a Nyumba Yamalamulo ku Europe adamangidwa pamalo a Kleine Brogel ku Belgium, molimba mtima atakwera mpanda ndikunyamula chikwangwani molunjika pamsewupo.
Ndege Zankhondo Zosintha Zonyamula Mabomba aku US
Kubwerera ku Germany, nduna ya zachitetezo a Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer adadzetsa chipwirikiti pa Epulo 19 lipoti ku Der Spiegel litanena kuti adatumiza imelo kwa abwana a Pentagon a Mark Esper akunena kuti Germany ikukonzekera kugula 45 Boeing Corporation F-18 Super Hornets. Ndemanga zake zidabweretsa phokoso ku Bundestag ndipo ndunayi idabweza zomwe adanenazo, ndikuuza atolankhani Epulo 22, "Palibe chisankho chomwe chatengedwa (kuti ndege zisankhidwe) ndipo, mulimonsemo, unduna sungapange chisankho - kokha Nyumba yamalamulo ingathe. ”
Patatha masiku asanu ndi anayi, pokambirana ndi Tagesspiegel tsiku lililonse, adalemba pa Meyi 3, a Rolf Mützenich, mtsogoleri wanyumba yamalamulo ku Germany ku Social Democratic Party (SPD) - membala wa bungwe lolamulira la Angela Merkel - adatsutsa momveka bwino.
"Zida za nyukiliya m'dera la Germany sizikulitsa chitetezo chathu, m'malo mwake," zimawononga izi, ndipo ziyenera kuchotsedwa, atero a Mützenich, ndikuwonjeza kuti akutsutsana ndi "kupititsa patsogolo kutenga nawo zida za nyukiliya" komanso "kusintha zida zanyukiliya zaku US zasungidwa ku Büchel ndi zida zatsopano zanyukiliya.
Zomwe Mützenich adatchula za nkhondo "yatsopano" akunena za US pomanga mazana a mabomba apanyukiliya atsopano, "oyendetsedwa" oyamba kuperekedwa kumayiko asanu a NATO mzaka zikubwerazi, m'malo mwa B61-12s, 61s, ndi 3s akuti akhala ku Europe tsopano.
Purezidenti wothandizana nawo wa SPD a Norbert Walter-Borjähn adavomereza mwachangu mawu a Mützenich, kuvomereza kuti mabomba aku US achotsedwe, ndipo onse awiri adatsutsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi Unduna Wachilendo Heiko Mass, ndi akazembe aku US ku Europe, komanso Secretary General wa NATO a Jens Stoltenberg mwachindunji.
Poyembekezera zowawa, Mützenich adafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za udindo wake Meyi 7 mu Journal for International Politics and Society, [1] pomwe adayitanitsa "kutsutsana zakutsogolo zogawana zida za nyukiliya komanso funso loti zida zanyukiliya zaku US zidayimilira ku Germany ndi ku Ulaya kumawonjezera chitetezo ku Germany ndi ku Ulaya, kapenanso kuti mwina zatha ntchito tsopano malinga ndi mfundo zankhondo ndi zachitetezo. ”
"Tikufuna zokambirana pagulu ... za tanthauzo ndi zamkhutu za kuletsa zida za nyukiliya," a Mützenich adalemba.
Stoltenberg wa NATO adalemba mwachangu kukana boma pa Meyi 11 Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wazaka 50 za "nkhanza zaku Russia" ndikunena kuti kugawana zida za nyukiliya kumatanthauza "ogwirizana, monga Germany, amapanga zisankho mogwirizana mogwirizana ndikukonzekera nyukiliya…, ndi" amalola [anzawo] kumvana pankhani zanyukiliya zomwe sakanakhala nazo. ”
Izi sizabodza, monga Mutzenich adafotokozera papepala lake, kuzitcha "zopeka" kuti njira yanyukiliya ya Pentagon imakhudzidwa ndi omwe aku America akugwirizana nawo. "Palibe chisonkhezero kapena ngakhale chonena cha omwe siali zida za nyukiliya paukadaulo wanyukiliya kapenanso kugwiritsa ntchito [zida] za zida za nyukiliya. Ichi sichina koma chikhumbo chodzipereka kwa nthawi yayitali, "adalemba.
Zowukira zambiri kwa mtsogoleri wa SPF zidamveka ngati Meyi 14 kuyambira nthawiyo Kazembe wa US ku Germany Richard Grenell, yemwe adalemba mu nyuzipepala De Welt adalimbikitsa Germany kuti isayimitse "US" ndikunena kuti kuchotsa mabombawo kungakhale "Kusakhulupirika" kwa zomwe NATO idachita ku Berlin.
Kenako Kazembe wa US ku Poland a Georgette Mosbacher adatumiza uthenga pa Meyi 15 pa Twitter, ndikulemba kuti "ngati Germany ikufuna kuchepetsa kuthekera kogawana zida za nyukiliya…, mwina Poland, yomwe imakwaniritsa udindo wake… itha kugwiritsa ntchito izi kunyumba." Malingaliro a Mosbacher adasekedwa kwambiri ngati abodza chifukwa Pangano la Nonproliferation likuletsa kusamutsa zida za nyukiliya zotere, komanso chifukwa kuyika bomba la nyukiliya ku US kumalire a Russia kungakhale kuputa koopsa.
Mayiko a "kugawana zida za nyukiliya" ku NATO alibe chonena pakaponya bomba ku US H
Pa Meyi 30, National Security Archive ku Washington, DC, idatsimikiza zomwe a Mützenich adachita ndikunama kwa zomwe Stoltenberg adachita, ndikumasula mbiri yakale yomwe inali "chinsinsi chachikulu" ku State department ndikutsimikizira kuti United States idzasankha yokha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zake za nyukiliya ku Holland , Germany, Italy, Turkey ndi Belgium.
Kuchita manyazi mwamakhalidwe ndi zida zamanyukiliya ku Büchel posachedwapa kwachokera kwa atsogoleri achipembedzo. M'dera lachipembedzo kwambiri ku Rhineland-Pfalz, mabishopu ayamba kupempha kuti mabomba atulutsidwe. Bishopu Wachikatolika a Stephan Ackermann ochokera ku Trier adalankhula zothetsa nyukiliya pafupi ndi malo mu 2017; Mtsogoleri Wosankhidwa wa Mtendere wa Tchalitchi cha Lutheran ku Germany, a Renke Brahms, adalankhula ndi ziwonetsero zazikulu zomwe zidasonkhana ku 2018; Bishopu Wachilutera Margo Kassmann adalankhula pamsonkhano wapachaka wamtendere wamtendere kumeneko mu Julayi 2019; ndipo pa August 6, Bishopu Wachikatolika Peter Kohlgraf, yemwe amatsogolera gulu la Germany la Pax Christi, adalimbikitsa zida zanyukiliya mumzinda wapafupi wa Mainz.
Mafuta enanso adalimbikitsa zokambirana zaukadaulo zomwe zidachitika ndi kufalitsa kwa June 20 kalata yotseguka kwa oyendetsa ndege zankhondo zaku Germany ku Büchel, yosainidwa ndi anthu 127 ndi mabungwe 18, akuwayitanira "kusiya kutenga nawo mbali mwachindunji" pamaphunziro awo ankhondo yankhondo ya nyukiliya, ndi kuwakumbutsa kuti "Malamulo osaloledwa sangaperekedwe kapena kutsatidwa."
"Kukopa kwa oyendetsa ndege a Tornado a Tactical Air Force Wing 33 pamalo ophulitsira bomba la nyukiliya ku Büchel kukana kutenga nawo mbali pogawana zida za nyukiliya" idakwirira theka la tsamba la nyuzipepala ya Rhein-Zeitung, ku Koblenz.
Apilo, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pamgwirizano wapadziko lonse womwe umaletsa kukonzekera kunkhondo, idatumizidwa kale kwa Colonel Thomas Schneider, wamkulu wa oyendetsa ndege a 33th Tactical Air Force Wing ku Büchel.
Kuchita apilo kunalimbikitsa oyendetsa ndege kuti akane malamulo osaloledwa ndipo ayime: "[T] kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya ndizosaloledwa malinga ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Izi zimapangitsanso kusungidwa kwa bomba la nyukiliya ndi zonse zomwe zikuthandizira kukonzekera kutumizidwa kosaloledwa. Malamulo osavomerezeka sangaperekedwe kapena kutsatiridwa. Tikukupemphani kuti muuze akuluakulu anu kuti simukufunanso kutenga nawo mbali pothandizira nawo zida zanyukiliya pazifukwa za chikumbumtima. ”
Greepeace Germany idakulitsa uthenga wake kunja kwa büchel ku Germany (pachithunzipa chakumbuyo), kulowa nawo kampeni yochotsa zida zanyukiliya zaku US zomwe zidali pamenepo.
Roland Hipp, wotsogolera mnzake ku Greenpeace Germany, mu "Momwe Germany imadzipangira kukhala chandamale cha zida zanyukiliya" yofalitsidwa ku Welt June 26, adazindikira kuti kupita kosakhala kwa nyukiliya ndi lamulo lokhalo ku NATO. "Pali mayiko [25 mwa 30] ku NATO omwe alibe zida zanyukiliya zaku US ndipo sachita nawo nawo zida zanyukiliya," a Hipp adalemba.
Mu Julayi, mkanganowu udangoyang'ana pa ndalama zochulukirapo zosinthira omenyera ndege zaku Tornado aku Germany ndi onyamula zida zatsopano za bomba la H munthawi yamavuto apadziko lonse.
Dr. Angelika Claussen, katswiri wa zamaganizo wotsatila pulezidenti wa International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, analemba mu July 6 kutumiza kuti "[Gulu] lalikulu lankhondo m'nthawi ya mliri wa coronavirus limawoneka ngati chonyansa ndi Ajeremani pagulu… Kugula zida za nyukiliya zokwana 45 za F-18 kumatanthauza kuwononga [pafupifupi] 7.5 biliyoni. Pandalama zimenezi munthu amatha kulipira madokotala 25,000 ndi anamwino 60,000 pachaka, mabedi a anthu odwala mwakayakaya 100,000 ndi makina opumira 30,000. ”
Ziwerengero za Dr. Claussen zidakwaniritsidwa ndi lipoti la Julayi 29 lolembedwa ndi Otfried Nassauer ndi Ulrich Scholz, ofufuza zankhondo ku Berlin Information Center for Transatlantic Security. Kafukufukuyu anapeza kuti ndege zankhondo zokwana 45 F-18 zochokera ku chimphona cha zida zankhondo zaku US Boeing Corp. zitha kukhala "osachepera" pakati pa 7.67 ndi 8.77 biliyoni yama Euro, kapena pakati pa $ 9 mpaka $ 10.4 biliyoni - kapena pafupifupi $ 222 miliyoni iliyonse.
Ndalama zaku Germany zomwe zingapezeke $ 10 biliyoni ku Boeing pazaka zake za F-18s ndi chitumbuwa chomwe wopindula pankhondo amafuna kusankha. Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Germany Kramp-Karrenbauer wanena kuti boma lake likufunanso kugula ma 93 Eurofighters, opangidwa ndi Airbus ochokera ku mayiko osiyanasiyana ku France, pamtengo wofanana wa $ 9.85 biliyoni- $ 111 miliyoni aliyense-zonse kuti zichotse ma Tornadoes pofika 2030.
M'mwezi wa Ogasiti, mtsogoleri wa SPD a Mützenich adalonjeza kupanga "kugawana" zida zanyukiliya zaku US kukhala chisankho cha 2021, ndikuuza a Suddeutsche Zeitung tsiku ndi tsiku, "Ndili wotsimikiza kuti ngati tifunsa funso ili pulogalamu yachisankho, yankho lake ndilowonekeratu ... . [Tidzapitilizabe kutulutsa magaziniyi chaka chamawa. ”
