Mwa John Lewallen, kupewaingnuclearwar.com
Masewera Oopsa a Nkhuku Yachikiliya
Pa March 17, 2017, Mlembi wa boma wa United States, Rex Tillerson, adayima mu nyumba yopanda kanthu pa 38th Kufanana kumene kumagawaniza kumpoto kuchokera ku South Korea ndipo kunakhudza chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri komanso zoopsya zoopsa zokhudzana ndi nyukiliya m'mbiri.
"Pulogalamu ya US yakulimbitsa mtima yathera," adalengeza, ponena za dziko la America lalitali likufuna kuti North Korea ipewe dongosolo la zida za nyukiliya. Tillerson adatulutsa chiwonetsero cha "mzere wofiira" kupatula ngati North Korea inasiya zonse zida zawo za nyukiliya, iwo adatha kuyandikira nkhondo ya US.
Izi zinakhudza chiopsezo cha mitundu yoopsya ndi zoopsa za asilikali, pitting President Trump kumenyana ndi mtsogoleri wa North Korea Kim Jong-un. North Korea inayambitsa miyeso ingapo yaitali, ena kumalo okwezeka kwambiri, mwachiwonekere kuyesa kukwaniritsa "kuwopsya kwachiwiri": akuganiza kuti akhoza kuwononga dziko la America ngakhale dziko la North Korea lidawonongedwa ndi nyukiliya ya ku America. Anthu a ku US adagwiritsa ntchito zida za nkhondo ndi kuchitapo kanthu. Trump ananena kuti North Korea inali "miyezi ingapo" yokhoza kukantha US ndi missile ya nyukiliya yomwe ingathe kupulumuka kutentha kumeneku, kutanthauza kuti nkhondo ya North Korea idzabwera msanga pokhapokha atatsatira malamulo a US kuti asokoneze.
Kusamvana kunayamba kutentha kwambiri mu September, 2017. Ponena za bungwe la United Nations General Assembly, Pulezidenti Trump adalengeza izi, zomwe zinachokera ku zoopsa za nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse kuti zithetse nkhondo zankhanza, kuti United States iwononge North Korea ngati North Korea sinavulaze pansi chiwonongeko chochokera ku mphamvu ya nyukiliya yomwe ikutsogolera dziko lapansi ndikupereka zida zawo zazing'ono za nukes.
Kim Jong-anawombera kuti adzabwezeretsa pangoziyi "pamtunda wapamwamba," kutcha Trump kukhala "wosokoneza maganizo a US dotard" amene angapereke ndalama zambiri poopseza kuwononga North Korea.
Trump tweeted: "Kim Jong-un wa ku North Korea, yemwe mwachiwonekere ndi wamisala yemwe samangirira njala kapena kupha anthu ake, adzayesedwa monga kale!"
Owonetsa nthawi yaitali akukumana ndi zida za nyukiliya anaona izi ndizovuta kwambiri: masewera omaliza a "nkhuku za nyukiliya," ndi mayiko awiri okhala ndi zida za nyukiliya omwe akuyandikira kwambiri pamphepete mwa zida zankhondo zakuda monga nyukiliya yotentha kutsogolozana kwa wina ndi mzake, ndi atsogoleri onse a dziko akuwoneka achinyengo mokwanira kuti ayambe nkhondo ya nyukiliya popanda chifukwa chirichonse kupatulapo ego.
Kusewera Khadi la EMP
Ndidatuluka pa mpando wanga pa September 3, 2017, pamene North Korea inalengeza kuti yayamba kuyesa "mphamvu yowonjezereka ya mphamvu ya mphamvu yotentha yomwe ingathe kuonongeka pamtunda wapamwamba chifukwa cha mphamvu yaikulu ya EMP."
Chilengezochi, chomwe chikubwera pachiwongolero cha H-bomba choyamba cha kumpoto kwa Korea, chinatengera ku North Korea kudalirika kwa US kupita kumalo ena. Kuphulika kwa mabomba amodzi a H-XMUMX pakati pa dziko la United States kunatha, ngati kuli kokwanira, kutulutsa makina opanga magetsi omwe angawononge makapu a makompyuta mu mzere wa maso, kuwononga chitukuko cha makompyuta kudziko lonse lapansi komanso mu malo paliponse muzowona za kuphulika. Izi, malinga ndi akatswiri a US omwe akhala akuphunzira, kuyesa ndikupanga zida zankhondo za nyukiliya kuyambira ku 200s, ndizoopsa ku United States.
Mkulu wapamwamba kwambiri wa nyukiliya EMP, womwe nthawi zina umatchedwa "HEMP," unapezeka ku 1962 pamene kuyesa kwa bomba la H kupitilira "Starfish Prime" pamwamba pa mlengalenga pamwamba pa nyanja ya Pacific kunachititsa kuti magetsi asokonezeke ku Hawaii, ena a 800 mtunda. Sipanakhalepo kuyesa kwa nyukiliya yapamwamba kuchokera ku 1960s.
Bungwe la EMP Commission of Experts likuganiza kuti zipangizo zamakono zamakono, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma satana ndi ma kompyuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa magetsi opangira ma 1960s. Kotero, chidwi chawo chinakondwera pamene Mtumiki Wachilendo wa ku North Korea, Ri Yong-ho, adawuza olemba nyuzipepala ku New York mu September, 2017, kuti Kim Jong-un akuganiza kuti akuyesa kuyendetsa bomba lapamwamba kwambiri ku Pacific.
"Ichi chikhoza kukhala chiwonongeko champhamvu kwambiri cha H-bomba ku Pacific," Ri adawauza atolankhani. "Sitikudziŵa zomwe tingachite ngati tidzakonzedwa ndi mtsogoleri Kim Jong-un."
Choopsya chinali chimodzi mwa zolimba kwambiri, komanso zoopsa kwambiri, zolimbitsa thupi m'mbiri ya mikangano ya nyukiliya. Palibe ponseponse pa Padziko lapansi kuti mayeso a H-bomba omwe ali kunja kwapadera, paliponse pamwamba pa mlengalenga, sangawonongeke pamtunda, mpweya, ndi ma satellite. Zingakhudze nkhondo yeniyeni yeniyeni.
Akatswiri a ku United States Achitapo kanthu ku EMP Coverup
Monga wolemba moyo wanga wonse komanso wolimbikitsa mtendere ndimayesetsa kupewa nkhondo ya zida za nyukiliya, ndakhala ndikuphunzira ndikuyesetsa kuti ndidziwitse anthu za zida zazitali kwambiri zamagetsi zamagetsi (HEMP) kuyambira pomwe ndidapeza umboni kuchokera kumilandu ya 1997 ndi 1999 ya EMP yomwe US Representative Representative Curt Weldon, wolemba pa tsamba la Nuclear Resources la Federation of American Scientists www.fas.org. Umboni umenewu ndi uthenga wabwino kwambiri, wonena za HEMP umene umapezeka kwa anthu, atolankhani, ndi ophunzira.
Mu 2000 ndinasindikiza ndondomeko yokonzedweratu ya umboni wa Komiti ya Weldon, ndi ndemanga yanga (Nkhondo ya Nyukliya Yapamwamba, ndi John Lewallen (ed.). Kuyambira pamenepo, chidziwitso chodalirika kwambiri chokhudza HEMP chachokera ku malipoti a DRM EMP Commission, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku 2001 ndi Congress kuti ilangize boma la US pazomwe zikuwopseza magulu ankhondo ndi zomangamanga.
Tsopano ndi udindo wotsogolera, ndikukhulupirira, wa atolankhani ndi ophunzira omwe alemba za zida za nyukiliya ndi nkhondo ya nyukiliya kuti aphunzire zenizeni za HEMP ndipo akuphatikizapo pakufufuza ndi kufotokozera. Malo abwino oti tiyambe ndi kusindikiza chikalata cha 14-EMP Commission yomwe ili ndi mutu wakuti "Kuopsa Kowopsya kapena Kuopsa Kwambiri: Kuwonetsa Ngozi ya Kumpoto kwa Korea Kudziko Lina" akuwonekera ku Komiti Yanyumba Yogulitsa Banja October 12, 2017.
Komiti ya EMP ikuwonekera kuti ikuyankhidwa ndi ndalama za Komiti yawo ndi Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo pa September 30, 2017. "M'mwezi womwewo," akatswiri a EMP adanena mu lipotili, "North Korea inadetsa H-Bomb kuti imalongosola momveka bwino kuti ikhoza kukhala ndi" mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri ya EMP "ndipo inamasula lipoti la zamakono" EMP Might of Nuclear Weapons " kutanthauzira molondola zomwe Russia ndi China amatcha chida cha "Super-EMP".
Lipoti lodziwika bwino ndi lolembedwa bwino la EMP Commission linayitanitsa ntchito yaikulu ya boma la US kuteteza galasi lamagetsi ndi zina zowonongeka kuchokera ku HEMP, zomwe adanena kwa zaka zingatetezedwe mtengo wotsika. "Tikulimbikitsa kuti Pulezidenti atsogolere Komiti ya Nuclear Regulatory Commission kukhazikitsa ndondomeko ya kuwonongeka kwa zowonongeka za nyukiliya za 100 ndi malo awo osungirako mafuta ku nyukiliya ya EMP, " lipotilo linamasuliridwa molimba. "Ma reactor amphamvu a nyukiliya amakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zoziziritsa kukhosi ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito ndodo kwa masiku angapo, pambuyo pake 'amapita ku Fukushima' kufalitsa mauthenga ambiri ku United States."
Lipotili linatsimikizira kuti nkhondo ya HEMP ikuwopsyeza kukhalapo kwa United States, pokhapokha pokhapokha zitakhala zotsika mtengo.
Pambuyo pa zaka makumi ambiri osanyalanyazidwa ndi olemba malamulo a US, Komiti ya EMP inapeza mtsogoleri wachifundo ndi womvera: Pulezidenti Trump. Mu December, 2017, Pulezidenti Trump adaitanira chitetezo cha gulu la magetsi ndi mauthenga a US ku HEMP monga momwe kuopsezedwa ndi North Korea.
Trump Imasankha Njira Yokambirana za Mtendere ndi North Korea
Kumayambiriro kwa 2018, Purezidenti Trump adapezeka pakati pa thanthwe ndi malo ovuta mu masewera ake a "nkhuku za nyukiliya" ndi Kim Jong-un. North Korea, mmalo mosiya zida zawo za nyukiliya, anakumana ndi Trump ndi chiopsezo chenichenicho chomwe chidzayesa bomba lovulaza la HEMP pa Pacific, potsatsa mphamvu ya nkhondo ya US kuti iwonongeke ku US. Kuvomereza "ufulu wake wofiira" kufuna kuti North Korea apereke zida za nyukiliya sungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi US kuwononga kwambiri kuopseza kwa Trump. Mwachidule, iye anaika pangozi kutaya nkhope kapena kutayika chirichonse.
Anapeza njira yachitatu pa zokambirana za mtendere ndi North Korea motsogoleredwa ndi Purezidenti waku South Korea Jae-in. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, 2018, Chung Eui-yong wa ku South Korea, adaitanitsa a Kim Jong-un ku North Korea kuti apange "msonkhano" ndi Trump. Zikuoneka kuti anadabwa ndi omuthandizira ake, Trump adalandira pempholi, napempha a South Korea kuti alengeze msonkhano womwewo.
Pambuyo pake Trump analongosola kuti Kim "adayankhula za denuclearization ndi Oimira South Korea, osati kungomanga. Ndiponso, palibe kuyesa kwa misala nthawiyi. Kupitabe patsogolo kwakukulu koma chilango chidzatsalira mpaka mgwirizano ufikira. Kusonkhana pokonzekera. "
Ine, chifukwa chimodzi, ndinkagona mophweka usiku umenewo, ndikuyembekeza masewera a "nkhuku za nyukiliya" inali yabwino kwambiri.
Trump Falls M'chikondi ndi Kim Jong-un
Tsopano ndi November, 2018. Msonkhano wa June 12, 2018 "msonkhano" unali wachikondi chenicheni, ndipo Trump ndi Kim adasangalala kwambiri kulemba chigamulo cholengeza kuti, chifukwa amerika ndi North Korea ali odzipereka ku "mtendere ndi chitukuko," zokambirana popanda zifukwa zingayambe , akusunthira ku de-nuclearization ya Korea Peninsula. Trump adaonjezeranso kuti adzathetsa masewera a "North America" omwe amachitidwa nthawi zambiri ndi asilikali a US ndi South Korea, omwe akuwonekera momveka bwino, koma kale sanavomerezedwe ndi Pulezidenti waku America: masewera a nkhondo ndi "otsutsa."
Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, Trump wakhala akulemba makalata abwino ndi Kim. Trump posachedwa adalengeza "chikondi" chake kwa Kim. Msonkhano wina wamaso ndi maso uli pambali.
Zolankhulano zapakati pano zawonongedwa, ndipo US akufuna kuti apite patsogolo kuti afike ku nuclearization, ndipo a North Korea akumuuza kuti Pulezidenti waku United States awonetsere kutha kwa nkhondo ya Korea asanalankhule za njira zenizeni zothetsera nuclearize. Pakalipano, North ndi South Korea zasunthira kuthetsa nkhanza ndikuyesa kugwirizanitsa dziko lawo. Palibe phwando lomwe likufuna kuthetsa zokambirana ndi kuopseza kubwerera ku maseŵera akumapeto a "nkhuku za nyukiliya."
Nkhondo ya ku Koreya ikupitiliranso kwambiri kwa a ku North Korea, amene akhala akulimbana ndi mavuto azachuma kuchokera ku 1950s, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Zolingazo, osati kuwapititsa ku gome la zokambirana, mwina ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe mtundu wawo wa anthu 25 uli ndi asilikali omwe akukhala nawo pafupi ndi akuluakulu a United States (asilikali a 1.19 miliyoni ndi 1.36 miliyoni), komanso asilikali zida zankhondo, zodzala ndi zida zamagulu ndi zachilengedwe, komanso odziwa bwino nkhondo, zonsezi zinkangogonjetsa nkhondo ku United States.
Sizingakhale zomveka kuti North Korea ikambirane njira yawo yothetsera nyukiliya pamene ikulimbana ndi mphamvu yaikulu ya nyukiliya padziko lapansi.
Ndikulangiza kuti Pulezidenti Trump adziphatikize ndi Kim Jong-un pofotokozera kutha kwa nkhondo ya Korea, ndikukonzekera zolinga zoyenera kuti akambirane mgwirizano weniweni wamtendere wothetsa nkhondo ya Korea, yomwe tsopano ndiyo nkhondo yakale kwambiri mu mbiri ya US . Nkhungu ya Cold War yoletsa chikomyunizimu cha monolithic siyeneranso. Tsopano, North Korea ilibe mgwirizano uliwonse ndi United States.
Ndipotu kumpoto kwa Korea ndi mgwirizano wa chilengedwe wa United States, wokonzeka kutsutsana ndi mphamvu yakukula ya China. Njira yabwino, ndipo mwinamwake njira yokhayo, kutsimikizira North Korea kusiya mphamvu yake yothetsera nyukiliya ndiyo kupanga mgwirizano wa United States, kuphatikizapo North Korea pansi pa "ambulera" yotetezera ya US
Kodi North Korea ndiyodalirika kwambiri kuyesa chida cha nyukiliya cha HEMP chomwe chingathe kuwononga United States kuchita chilichonse chomwe chimachititsa kuti Trump ayambe kukambirana mtendere ndikuvomereza dziko la North Korea ngati dziko lovomerezeka? Ndizisiya kuti muyankhe.
Panthawiyi, ndikufunsa aliyense kuti aganizire kuti mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo China, Russia, ndi North Korea, akhoza kukhala ndi satellites mu mphambano tsopano okonzeka kuthetseratu chitukuko cha makompyuta a US. Komiti ya EMP imalimbikitsa mitundu yonse ya zida zankhondo zowonongeka ndi zankhondo kuyesa kuyimitsa kapena kuwombera zida za HEMP. Ndipotu, ndikukhulupirira kuti palibe njira yothetsera nkhondo ya HEMP m'dziko limene sateteti oposa 1,000 ali pamwamba, kuphatikizapo ma satellites awiri a North Korea omwe angakhale ndi mabomba a HEMP. Trump anasankha njira yokhayo yotetezera HEMP kuukira motsutsana ndi US: zokambirana za mtendere.
Pa Seputembala 20, 2017, kutatsala masiku ochepa kuti bungwe la EMP lisanaperekedwe, General John E. Hyten, wamkulu wa US Strategic Command, adauza msonkhano wankhondo zokhudzana ndi chida cha EMP chomwe ayesedwa ndi North Korea kuti: "Ndizowopsa zoopsa komanso zowopsa kwambiri, "adatero General Hyten. "Ngati mutayika EMP, malo okwera kwambiri EMP, makamaka kuwala konse mu hoteloyi kudzatha; ndipo galimoto iliyonse yopaka galimoto siidzagwiranso ntchito. Ndichomwe EMP imachita ... Tiyenera kuyankha. Koma fuko lathu silinayang'ane pa EMP. "
Trump yasankha njira yokhayo yopitilira mtundu wa anthu: kutha kwa nkhondo ndi North Korea, kuyambira kwa nkhani zomwe zimabweretsa mtendere ndi chitukuko. Tiyeneranso kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi Russia, China, ndi Iran. Yakwana nthawi yoti padziko lapansi pomwe kuwomba koyamba pazankhondo za zida za nyukiliya kufafaniza chitukuko cha pakompyuta, zida zonse za nyukiliya zomwe zafotokozedwa mu 2018 Nuclear Posture Review sizikutha; iwo akanakhala osagwedezeka mosavuta ngati iwo sanali olemera madola triliyoni a chiwonongeko chotheka kwambiri cha mtundu wa anthu.
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-John Lewallen, wazaka 75, ndi wolemba pawokha komanso katswiri wodziyimira pawokha pa zida za nyukiliya yemwe amayesetsa kupewa nkhondo ya zida za nyukiliya. Ena mwa mabuku ake omwe adafalitsidwa ndi awa: Maphunziro a Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zopweteka: Indochina (Penguin Books, osankhidwa ndi Mphoto ya 1972 Pulitzer ndi Penguin); Nkhondo ya Nyukliya yapamwamba (2001), umboni wokonzedwanso kuchokera ku komiti ya 1997 ndi 1999 Weldon pamsonkhano wa EMP; ndi Dziko Lokongola Lonyezimira (2015), lipoti lazaka ziwiri zomwe anali wodzipereka pantchito zachitukuko ku South Vietnam, 1967-69. Amatsatira nkhondo zowononga nyukiliya masiku ano komanso zoyeserera zamtendere patsamba lakekupewaingnuclearwar.com>. Amatha kulumikizidwa ku lewallen@mcn.org.
