Wolemba Medea Benjamin ndi Nicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War, November 8, 2021
COP makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi! Umu ndimomwe nthawi zambiri bungwe la UN lasonkhanitsa atsogoleri apadziko lonse lapansi kuti ayese kuthana ndi vuto la nyengo. Koma United States ikupanga mafuta ambiri ndi gasi lachilengedwe kuposa kale; kuchuluka kwa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha (GHG) mumlengalenga ndi kutentha kwapadziko lonse ndi zonsezi akuwukabe; ndipo tikukumana kale ndi nyengo yoopsa komanso chipwirikiti chomwe asayansi atichenjeza zaka makumi anayi, ndi zomwe zidzangoipiraipirabe popanda kuchitapo kanthu koopsa kwanyengo.
Ndipo komabe, dziko lapansi mpaka pano langotentha 1.2° Celsius (2.2° F) kuyambira nthawi zisanakhale mafakitale. Tili kale ndi luso lomwe tikufunikira kuti tisinthe mphamvu zathu kuti zikhale zoyera, zongowonjezera mphamvu, ndipo kutero kungapangitse mamiliyoni a ntchito zabwino kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Choncho, m’mawu ochita zinthu, masitepe omwe tiyenera kuchita ndi omveka bwino, otheka komanso achangu.
Chopinga chachikulu kwambiri chomwe timakumana nacho ndi kusagwira ntchito kwathu, neoliberal ndale ndi zachuma ndi kulamulira kwake ndi zofuna za plutocratic ndi makampani, omwe atsimikiza kuti apitirizebe kupindula ndi mafuta oyaka mafuta ngakhale pamtengo wowononga nyengo yapadera yapadziko lapansi. Mavuto a nyengo avumbula kuti dongosolo lino lalephera kuchita zinthu mogwirizana ndi zofuna za anthu, ngakhale pamene tsogolo lathu latsala pang’ono kutha.
Ndiye yankho ndi chiyani? Kodi COP26 ku Glasgow ingakhale yosiyana? Ndi chiyani chomwe chingapangitse kusiyana pakati pa PR mochenjera kwambiri ndi kuchitapo kanthu motsimikiza? Kuwerengera chimodzimodzi ndale ndi zokonda zamafuta (inde, ziliponso) kuti achite zosiyana nthawi ino zikuwoneka ngati kudzipha, koma njira ina ndi iti?
Popeza utsogoleri wa Obama wa Pied Piper ku Copenhagen ndi Paris udapanga dongosolo lomwe maiko pawokha amakhazikitsa zolinga zawo ndikusankha momwe angakwaniritsire, maiko ambiri sapita patsogolo pang'ono pokwaniritsa zolinga zomwe adakhazikitsa ku Paris mu 2015.
Tsopano afika ku Glasgow ndi malonjezo okonzedweratu ndi osakwanira omwe, ngakhale atakwaniritsidwa, atsogolere kudziko lotentha kwambiri pofika 2100. kutsagana Malipoti a UN ndi mabungwe aboma pokonzekera COP26 akhala akuchenjeza zomwe Mlembi wamkulu wa UN Antonio Guterres adatcha "kudzutsa kwabingu" komanso "kodi red kwa anthu.” M'mawu otsegulira a Guterres ku COP26 pa Novembara 1, adati "tikukumba manda athu" polephera kuthetsa vutoli.
Komabe maboma akuyang'anabe zolinga zanthawi yayitali monga kufikira "Net Zero" pofika 2050, 2060 kapena 2070, mpaka pano mtsogolomo kuti atha kupitiliza kuyimitsa njira zomwe zikufunika kuti achepetse kutentha kwa 1.5 ° Celsius. Ngakhale atasiya kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha mumlengalenga, kuchuluka kwa ma GHG mumlengalenga pofika chaka cha 2050 kuyenera kutenthetsa dziko lapansi kwa mibadwomibadwo. Tikamadzaza mlengalenga ndi ma GHG, m'pamenenso zotsatira zake zimakhala zotalika komanso kutentha kwa dziko lapansi kumapitilira kukula.
United States yakhazikitsa a nthawi yayifupi chandamale chochepetsa utsi ndi 50% kuchokera pachimake cha 2005 pofika 2030. Koma ndondomeko zake zamakono zidzangochepetsa kuchepa kwa 17% -25% panthawiyo.
Pulogalamu ya Clean Energy Performance Program (Zamgululi), yomwe inali gawo la Build Back Better Act, ikhoza kupanga kusiyana kwakukulu mwa kulipira zida zamagetsi kuti ziwonjezeke kudalira zowonjezera ndi 4% chaka ndi chaka ndi kulanga zida zomwe sizitero. Koma madzulo a COP 26, Biden adatsitsa CEPP kuchokera pa biluyo mokakamizidwa ndi a Senators Manchin ndi Sinema ndi akatswiri awo a zidole zamafuta.
Pakadali pano, asitikali aku US, omwe ndi wamkulu kwambiri wotulutsa ma GHGs Padziko Lapansi, adamasulidwa ku zopinga zilizonse pansi pa Pangano la Paris. Omenyera mtendere ku Glasgow akufuna kuti COP26 ikonze izi dzenje lakuda m'ndondomeko yanyengo yapadziko lonse lapansi pophatikiza mpweya wa GHG wa makina ankhondo aku US, ndi a asitikali ena, popereka malipoti ndi kuchepetsa mpweya.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndalama zonse zomwe maboma padziko lonse lapansi awononga kuti athetse vuto la nyengo ndi gawo laling'ono la zomwe United States yokha yawononga pankhondo yake yowononga dziko panthawi yomweyi.
China tsopano imatulutsa mpweya wambiri wa CO2 kuposa United States. Koma gawo lalikulu la mpweya wochokera ku China umayendetsedwa ndi dziko lonse lapansi lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zaku China, ndipo kasitomala wake wamkulu ndi United States. An Maphunziro a MIT mu 2014 akuti zogulitsa kunja zimapanga 22% ya mpweya wa carbon ku China. Pakugwiritsira ntchito kwa munthu aliyense, anthu aku America amawerengerabe katatu mpweya wa GHG wa anansi athu aku China komanso kuwirikiza kawiri mpweya wa Azungu.
Mayiko olemera nawonso atero analephera pa kudzipereka komwe adapanga ku Copenhagen mchaka cha 2009 kuthandiza mayiko osauka kuthana ndi kusintha kwanyengo popereka thandizo lazachuma lomwe lingakulire mpaka $100 biliyoni pachaka pofika 2020. kuchuluka kwa zimene analonjeza kwachititsa kuti mayiko olemera ndi osauka asiye kukhulupirirana. Komiti yotsogozedwa ndi Canada ndi Germany ku COP79 ili ndi mlandu wothetsa kuperewera ndikubwezeretsanso chikhulupiriro.
Pamene atsogoleri andale a dziko akulephera moipitsitsa kotero kuti akuwononga chilengedwe ndi nyengo yabwino imene imachirikiza chitukuko cha anthu, m’pofunika mwamsanga kuti anthu kulikonse akhale okangalika, olankhula bwino ndi anzeru.
Kuyankha koyenera kwa anthu kwa maboma omwe ali okonzeka kuwononga miyoyo ya anthu mamiliyoni ambiri, kaya ndi nkhondo kapena kudzipha kwachilengedwe, ndi kupanduka ndi kusintha - ndipo mitundu yopanda chiwawa yakusintha kwakhala yothandiza komanso yopindulitsa kuposa yachiwawa.
Anthu ali kuwuka motsutsana ndi dongosolo loipa la ndale ndi zachuma la neoliberal m'maiko padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa zotsatira zake zoyipa zimakhudza miyoyo yawo m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Koma zovuta zanyengo ndizowopsa kwa anthu onse zomwe zimafunikira kuyankha kwapadziko lonse lapansi.
Gulu limodzi lolimbikitsa anthu m'misewu ku Glasgow pa COP 26 ndi Kuthamangitsidwa Kwambiri, yomwe imalengeza kuti, "Timaimba atsogoleri adziko kuti ndi olephera, ndipo ndi masomphenya olimba mtima a chiyembekezo, timafuna zosatheka ... Tidzayimba ndi kuvina ndi kutseka zida kuti tisataye mtima ndikukumbutsa dziko kuti pali zambiri zofunika kupandukira."
Extinction Rebellion ndi magulu ena a nyengo ku COP26 akuyitanitsa Net Zero pofika 2025, osati 2050, monga njira yokhayo yokwaniritsira cholinga cha 1.5 ° chomwe chinagwirizana ku Paris.
Greenpeace ikuyitanitsa kuyimitsidwa kwapadziko lonse kwapadziko lonse pa ntchito zatsopano zamafuta opangira mafuta komanso kuthetseratu kwa mafakitale oyaka moto ndi malasha. Ngakhale boma latsopano la mgwirizano ku Germany, lomwe limaphatikizapo Green Party ndipo lili ndi zolinga zolakalaka kwambiri kuposa mayiko ena olemera, langowonjezera tsiku lomaliza lakumapeto kwa malasha ku Germany kuyambira 2038 mpaka 2030.
Indigenous Environmental Network ndi kubweretsa anthu wamba kuchokera ku Global South kupita ku Glasgow kuti akafotokoze nkhani zawo pamsonkhanowu. Iwo akupempha maiko otukuka akumpoto kuti alengeze zavuto lanyengo, kuti asunge mafuta oyaka pansi ndikuthetsa thandizo lamafuta oyaka padziko lonse lapansi.
Friends of the Earth (FOE) adasindikiza a lipoti latsopano wotchulidwa Mayankho Otengera Chilengedwe: Nkhandwe Yovala Zovala za Nkhosa monga cholinga cha ntchito yake ku COP26. Ikuwonetsa njira yatsopano yotsuka zobiriwira m'makampani okhudzana ndi minda yamitengo yamakampani m'maiko osauka, zomwe mabungwe akufuna kunena kuti ndi "zobwezera" kuti apitilize kupanga mafuta.
Boma la UK lomwe likuchita msonkhano ku Glasgow lavomereza njirazi ngati gawo la pulogalamu ya COP26. FOE ikuwonetseratu zotsatira za kulanda malo kwakukulu kumeneku kwa anthu ammudzi ndi amwenye ndipo amawatcha "chinyengo choopsa ndi zododometsa zothetsera mavuto enieni a nyengo." Ngati izi ndi zomwe maboma amatanthauza ndi "Net Zero," ingakhale sitepe imodzi yokha pazachuma cha Dziko Lapansi ndi zonse zomwe zilipo, osati yankho lenileni.
Chifukwa ndizovuta kwa omenyera ufulu padziko lonse lapansi kuti afike ku Glasgow ku COP26 pa nthawi ya mliri, magulu omenyera ufulu nthawi imodzi akukonzekera padziko lonse lapansi kuti akhazikitse maboma m'maiko awo. Mazana a anthu olimbikitsa zanyengo ndi anthu ammudzi atero anamangidwa pa zionetsero ku White House ku Washington, ndipo achinyamata asanu omenyera ufulu wa Sunrise Movement adayamba a chigwirizano cha njala pamenepo pa October 19.
Magulu anyengo aku US amathandiziranso lamulo la "Green New Deal", H.Res. 332, Woimira Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez adayambitsa ku Congress, zomwe zimafuna kuti ndondomeko zosungira kutentha kwa dziko lapansi zikhale pansi pa 1.5 ° Celsius, ndipo panopa ali ndi 103 cosponsor. Biluyo imakhazikitsa zolinga zazikulu za 2030, koma imangoyitanitsa Net Zero pofika 2050.
Magulu a chilengedwe ndi nyengo omwe akutembenukira ku Glasgow amavomereza kuti tikufunikira pulogalamu yeniyeni yapadziko lonse yosinthira mphamvu tsopano, monga nkhani yothandiza, osati monga cholinga chofuna kukhala ndi ndondomeko yandale yosatha, yopanda chiyembekezo.
Ku COP25 ku Madrid mu 2019, Extinction Rebellion idataya mulu wa manyowa a akavalo kunja kwa holo ya msonkhano ndi uthenga wakuti, "Mahatchi aima apa." Ndithudi zimenezo sizinaimitse, koma zinamveketsa mfundo yakuti nkhani zopanda pake ziyenera kuphimbidwa mofulumira ndi zochita zenizeni. Greta Thunberg adamenya msomali pamutu, akudzudzula atsogoleri adziko lapansi chifukwa chobisa zolephera zawo ndi "blah, blah, blah," m'malo mochitapo kanthu.
Monga Greta's School Strike for the Climate, kayendedwe ka nyengo m'misewu ya Glasgow amadziwitsidwa pozindikira kuti sayansi ndi yomveka bwino ndipo njira zothetsera vuto la nyengo zilipo mosavuta. Ndi chifuniro cha ndale chokha chimene chikusoweka. Izi ziyenera kuperekedwa ndi anthu wamba, ochokera m'mitundu yonse, kudzera mukupanga, kuchitapo kanthu modabwitsa komanso kulimbikitsa anthu ambiri, kufuna kusintha kwa ndale ndi zachuma komwe tikufunikira kwambiri.
Mlembi wamkulu wa UN, Guterres, yemwe nthawi zambiri amakhala wofatsa, ananena momveka bwino kuti "kutentha kwa m'misewu" kudzakhala chinsinsi chopulumutsa anthu. "Gulu lankhondo lochita zanyengo - lotsogozedwa ndi achinyamata - silingaimitsidwe," adauza atsogoleri adziko lonse ku Glasgow. “Iwo ndi okulirapo. Amamveka mokweza. Ndipo ndikukutsimikizirani kuti sapita.
Medea Benjamin ndi amene amapanga CODEPINK kwa Mtendere, ndi wolemba mabuku angapo, kuphatikiza M'kati mwa Iran: The Real History and Politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Nicolas JS Davies ndi mtolankhani wodziyimira payekha, wofufuza ndi CODEPINK komanso wolemba wa Magazi Pa Manja Athu: Kuthamangira ku America ndi Kuwonongedwa kwa Iraq.
