Wolemba Len Ackland, Mbiri ya Rocky Mountain PBS
Bomba la nyukiliya lomwe linali lovuta kwambiri lomwe linakonzedweratu ku zida zankhondo zaku US - ena amati ndi oopsa kwambiri, nawonso - alandila chitsogozo kuchokera ku Dipatimenti ya Mphamvu ya National Nuclear Security Administration.
The bungwe lalengeza pa Ogasiti 1 kuti B61-12 - bomba loyamba lowongolera dziko, kapena "wanzeru," bomba la nyukiliya - idamaliza zaka zinayi zachitukuko ndikuyesa ndipo tsopano ili muukadaulo wopanga, gawo lomaliza lisanapangidwe mokwanira. 2020.
Chilengezochi chikubwera poyang'anizana ndi machenjezo mobwerezabwereza ochokera kwa akatswiri ankhondo ndi akuluakulu ena ankhondo apamwamba kuti bomba, lomwe lidzanyamulidwe ndi ndege zankhondo, likhoza kuyesa kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya nkhondo chifukwa cha kulondola kwake. Mabombawo amaphatikiza kulondola kwambiri ndi mphamvu yophulika yomwe imatha kuwongolera.
Purezidenti Barack Obama wakhala akulonjeza kuti achepetsa zida za nyukiliya ndikusiya zida ndi zida zatsopano zankhondo. Komabe pulogalamu ya B61-12 yakhala ikuyenda bwino pazandale komanso zachuma zamakampani achitetezo monga Lockheed Martin Corp., monga zalembedwa muVumbulutsa kufufuza chaka chatha.
B61-12 - pa $ 11 biliyoni chifukwa cha mabomba a 400 okwera mtengo kwambiri ku US bomba la nyukiliya - likuwonetsera mphamvu zodabwitsa za mapiko a atomiki zomwe Purezidenti Dwight D. Eisenhower adazitcha "mafakitale ankhondo," omwe tsopano adzitcha "" bizinesi ya nyukiliya." Bombali lili pamtima pakusintha kwamakono kwa zida zanyukiliya zaku America, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuwononga $ 1 thililiyoni pazaka 30 zikubwerazi.
Pafupifupi aliyense amavomereza kuti malinga ngati zida za nyukiliya zilipo, kusinthika kwina kwa magulu ankhondo aku US ndikofunikira kuti maiko ena asachulukitse zida za nyukiliya pankhondo. Koma otsutsa amatsutsa kupambanitsa ndi kukula kwa mapulani amakono amakono.
Chakumapeto kwa Julayi, maseneta 10 adalemba Obama kalata kulimbikitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito miyezi yomwe yatsalayi kuti "aletse kuwononga zida za nyukiliya za US ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha nkhondo ya nyukiliya" mwa, mwa zina, "kuchepetsa mapulani anyukiliya amakono." Iwo adalimbikitsa makamaka purezidenti kuti aletse mzinga watsopano wa nyukiliya womwe udayambitsidwa ndi ndege, pomwe Air Force tsopano ikupempha malingaliro kwa makontrakitala achitetezo.
Ngakhale mapulogalamu ena atsopano a zida ali kutali kwambiri, bomba la B61-12 ndiloyandikira kwambiri komanso lodetsa nkhawa chifukwa cha zochitika zaposachedwa monga kuyesa kulanda ku Turkey. Izi ndichifukwa choti bomba la nyukiliya lotsogozedwali liyenera kuchitika m'malo mwake mabomba 180 akale a B61 Zosungidwa m'maiko asanu aku Europe, kuphatikiza Turkey, yomwe ili ndi ma B50 pafupifupi 61 osungidwa ku Incirlik Air Base. Kutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chatsambali adadzutsa mafunso za mfundo za US zokhudza kusunga zida za nyukiliya kunja.
Koma mafunso ochulukirapo amayang'ana pakuwonjezeka kolondola kwa B61-12. Mosiyana ndi mabomba amphamvu yokoka omwe adzalowe m'malo, B61-12 idzakhala bomba la nyukiliya lotsogoleredwa. Makina ake atsopano a Boeing Co. tail kit amathandizira kuti bomba lizigunda bwino lomwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa dial-a-yield, mphamvu yophulika ya bombayo imatha kusinthidwa isananyamuke kuchoka pamatani pafupifupi 50,000 a mphamvu yofanana ndi ya TNT kupita ku matani 300 otsika. Bombalo limatha kunyamulidwa pa ndege zankhondo zozemba.
"Ngati anthu a ku Russia aponya bomba la nyukiliya pa munthu wozembetsa ndege yemwe amatha kuzembera chitetezo cha ndege, kodi zimenezo zingawonjezere malingaliro apa kuti akuchepetsa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya? Zowonadi, ”a Hans Kristensen wa Federation of American Scientists adatero pofotokoza za Reveal.
Ndipo General James Cartwright, wamkulu wopuma wa US Strategic Command adauza PBS NewsHour Novembala watha kuti kuthekera kwatsopano kwa B61-12 kumatha kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake.
"Ngati nditha kutsitsa zokolola, kutsitsa, chifukwa chake, kugwa, ndi zina zotero, kodi zimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke kwa ena - pulezidenti wina kapena popanga zisankho zachitetezo cha dziko? Ndipo yankho ndiloti, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. ”
