Kodi otsutsa timawachitira chiyani? M'ma demokalase amphamvu, timachita nawo zokambirana zamagulu. M'ma demokalase ofooka, timawapatula ndikuwagonjetsa. Ngati tili opanda demokalase, tikhoza kuwapha.
Nanga n’cifukwa ciani dziko la United States, amene akuganiziridwa kuti ndi mtsogoleri wa demokalase, lakhala dziko lotumiza zida zankhondo padziko lonse lapansi?
Mu 2016, zida zankhondo za boma la US zidakwana $38 biliyoni, kupitilira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a malonda a zida padziko lonse lapansi a $100 biliyoni. Izi zikuphatikiza malonda ankhondo akunja a boma ndi boma okha, ovomerezedwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo. Simaphatikizirapo mabiliyoni omwe amagulitsidwa pakugulitsa mwachindunji komwe Lockheed Martin, Boeing, General Dynamics ndi makampani ena a zida amalandira ziphaso za State Department kuti agulitse mwachindunji maboma akunja.
Koma makampani a zida zankhondo ali otanganidwa kwambiri ndi bizinesi yoletsa otsutsa kosatha.
Ena adzatsutsa: Zida za US zimateteza anthu osalakwa kwa adani ankhanza. Oo zoona? Kodi kafukufuku wa anthu omwe akutenga nawo mbali pa mikangano ali kuti kuti awunikire lingaliro la nthano? Kodi ziganizo zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu za zida zotumizidwa kunja zili kuti? Ndi angati omwe anaphedwa ndi zida za US akuyenera kuphedwa?
Kodi sayansi yonseyi imagwira ntchito bwanji popanga zida ngati palibe sayansi pakuwunika momwe zida zimagwiritsidwira ntchito pamavuto adziko lapansi?
Ngati tikukhulupirira kuti zida zimalimbikitsa madera abwino, ngati sitikufunsana ndi anthu omwe akukhudzidwa ndi zida, ngati sitikuyerekeza phindu la $ 1 biliyoni ku makampani a zida zankhondo kapena kuthetsa mikangano yopanda chiwawa, ndiye kulipira. misonkho yopezera ndalama zopangira zida zankhondo ndi yofanana ndi kulipira msonkho wochirikiza chipembedzo.
Komabe pafupifupi pulezidenti aliyense waku US kuyambira 1969 Nixon Doctrine wakhala akugulitsa zida zankhondo, kuzichotsa, kuonjezera ndalama zothandizira anthu, kulandira zopereka kuchokera kwa iwo, ndikusokoneza mayiko osachepera 100 ndi zinthu zake zakupha.
Ndipo kukhala Number One Weapons Salesman sikokwanira. Purezidenti Donald Trump akuti Maofesi a Boma ndi Chitetezo sakukakamiza kutumiza zida kunja mokwanira.
Atalandira $ 30 miliyoni kuchokera ku NRA, Trump akufuna kutumiza udindo wotumiza mfuti kuchokera ku Dipatimenti ya Boma, yomwe imawona zotsatira zomwe zingatheke chifukwa cha chiwawa, ku Dipatimenti ya Zamalonda, zomwe sizitero.
Obama, yemwe ndi wopindula kwambiri ndi zida zankhondo, anali atayamba kale kumasula uyang'aniro, koma zolinga zina zidayimitsidwa ndi kuwomberana kwakukulu kwa America, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti kuletsa kugulitsa kwamayiko akunja kwa AR-15 kuwoneke ngati kopusa kwambiri.
Ziribe kanthu yemwe timasankha, kutumiza zida zankhondo ndi mfundo zakunja zimayendetsedwa ndi Iron Triangle - mgwirizano wa omwe ali m'boma, asitikali, ndi zida zankhondo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kukulitsa misika ya zida ndikukhazikitsa "mtendere" wowopseza.
M'malo mothetsa mikangano, ogulitsa zida amayenda bwino mmenemo, mofanana ndi tizilombo towononga bala. Monga a William Hartung akufotokozera mu "Aneneri Ankhondo," Lockheed Martin adalimbikitsa kuyendetsa mfundo zakunja ku zolinga zamakampani zokulitsa malonda akunja ndi 25 peresenti.
Lockheed anakankhira kukulitsa kwa NATO pakhomo la Russia kuti apange madola mabiliyoni a zida zankhondo ndi mamembala atsopano. The Project for the New American Century, "thanki yoganiza" yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi mkulu wa Lockheed Martin monga director, adakakamizika kuwukira Iraq.
Makampani a zida zankhondo amathandizira pofalitsa ntchito zamapangano a zida m'maboma a Congress. Ntchito mwachiwonekere zimapangitsa kupha kukhala koyenera. Kumbukirani kuti 70 peresenti mpaka 80 peresenti ya ndalama zamakampani a zida za US zimachokera ku boma la US. Ngati tikugwiritsa ntchito misonkho kuti tipeze ndalama zothandizira ntchito, bwanji osagwira ntchito polimbana ndi moto wa nkhalango? Kupita ku dzuwa?
Kuthira thandizo m'makampani a zida zankhondo kumasokoneza kupanga anthu wamba komanso ukadaulo. Ophunzira anu amalakalaka kukhala asayansi? Konzekerani iwo ku straitjacket yankhondo. Sizingakhale zophweka kupeza ndalama popanda izo. Ndalama zambiri zafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha federal zimapita kuzochitika zokhudzana ndi usilikali.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kuwononga ndalama pa gawo la chitetezo ndi Pentagon yosawerengeka, zinthu zamtengo wapatali, kukwera mtengo kwamtengo wapatali, komanso makontrakitala osabwereketsa-kuphatikiza ndalama kumapangitsa kuti ntchito ziwonongeke padziko lonse. Magawo ena azachuma amatulutsa ntchito zambiri pa dola yamisonkho.
Kupangitsa kuti mgwirizano wa okhometsa msonkho aku US ukhale woipitsitsa kwambiri ndi zopereka zamakampani, malipiro a CEO, zowononga zachilengedwe, ziphuphu zazikulu kwa akuluakulu akunja, ndi ndalama zokopa anthu - $ 74 miliyoni mu 2015. Mosadabwitsa, misonkho yathu imaperekanso ndalama zogulira zida zakunja za US - $ 6.04 biliyoni mu 2017.
Pakadali pano, ndani amamvera masauzande aku South Korea akufuna kuchotsedwa kwa Lockheed Martin's Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense system?
Ndani amamvera makolo a ophunzira aku Mexico omwe adaphedwa ndi asitikali aku Mexico? Amati zida za US zomwe zimagulitsidwa ku Mexico ndizowononga kwambiri kuposa mankhwala aku Mexico omwe amagulitsidwa kwa Achimerika. Kodi khoma la Trump lidzateteza bwanji anthu aku Mexico ku Weapons Pusher Number One?
Makampani a zida zankhondo amalandila ndalama zaulere popanda kuyika demokalase, kuwunika, kulibe udindo pazotsatira zake, komanso kuyembekezera kuti zida zitha kuthetsa mikangano. Pankhani yokwaniritsa zolinga za chitukuko cha anthu, ndale, zachuma, ndi chilengedwe, zida sizimawombera chabe.
Monga chiwalo chilichonse m'thupi, makampani a zida zankhondo ndi ofunika, koma pamene ntchito yake yokakamiza yodzikuza ichotsa ntchito ya thupi, imalepheretsa ziwalo zina zomanga thupi, ndikuwononga thupi, ndi nthawi yochita opaleshoni ndi machiritso.
Kristin Christman ali ndi madigiri mu Russian and public management kuchokera ku Dartmouth, Brown, ndi SUNY Albany.
