Zomwe Khrisimasi Zimaopa Kwa Abolitionists

Ndi William Loren Katz, Nkhani za Consortium

Khirisimasi isanayambe kuyenda bwino, idapangitsa anthu kukhala ndi moyo wabwino. M'mizinda ya America ya 13 komanso masiku oyambirira a United States, ankadziwika kuti ndi phwando lakumwa mowa kwambiri komanso kumenyana.

Koma pamene nkhondo yolimbana ndi ukapolo ikuwotcha kwambiri mu 1830s, gulu la akazi achikhristu omwe amatha kuwatsitsa malamulo adalitsogolera ku holide yoperekedwa kwa kalonga wamtendere ndi kumasulidwa.

Mu 1834, mamembala a bungwe la William Anti-Slavery la William Lloyd Garrison omwe anali atangopangidwa kumene ku Africa-Aamerika ndi Azungu, amuna ndi akazi - adawona Khirisimasi ngati mwayi wowonetsa dziko lachiphamaso limene linalengeza ufulu kwa onse komabe linagwira anthu mamiliyoni ambiri a ku Africa, amuna, akazi ndi ana atengedwa ukapolo.

Azimayi amatsogoleretsa ntchitoyi, kutsutsa molimba mtima anthu omwe adawavotera voti komanso mawu ambiri a anthu. Pofuna kuthetsa chifukwa chochotseratu, amayiwa adakonza mazaza a Khirisimasi omwe anagulitsa mphatso zoperekedwa ndi maulamuliro.

Chifukwa chakuti amayi anali otchuka pamayeserowa, atolankhani a tsikuli adalemba misonkhano yowononga maboma "mabungwe ochita zachiwerewere" ndipo adanyoza abambo aamuna kuti "Aunt Nancy amuna." Komabe, ngakhale povutitsidwa ndi mawu ndi thupi, abambo ndi amayi omwe adatsutsa . Pambuyo pa misonkhano ina, amayi adalumikizana mikono, yakuda ndi yoyera, ndi kuzungulira amuna awo kuti ateteze kwa anthu achiwawa.

Akazi a abolitionist anatsogolere kutsutsana ndi anthu a kumpoto omwe amamva kuti kuwonongedwa kwa amayi ndi akapolo omwe anali akapolo kunali kovuta kwambiri komanso nkhani yosamvetsetseka kuti akambirane pagulu. Ndi chilankhulo choyera komanso zithunzi zooneka bwino, akazi omwe amatha kusokoneza abambo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu awo a Khirisimasi kuti afotokoze nkhanza ndi kugwiriridwa komwe adakumana nawo alongo awo akapolo.

Kuti alowe mu chikumbumtima cha kumpoto, amayiwa anafanananso ndi chizoloŵezi chokwapula ana monga chilango - chomwe chinayamba kupezeka kuti sichivomerezedwa - kukwapulidwa mwankhanza kwa amuna, akazi ndi ana omwe ali akapolo, omwe ma TV anali atabisala poyera.

Akaziwa adasandutsa chikondwerero cha Khirisimasi kukhala nthawi yopatsa mphatso zopatsa mphatso zomwe zidapindulitsa ana. Pogogomezera kusamalidwa kwabwino kwa ana, amayiwa adapempha Achimereka kuti avomereze kuti akapolo omwe, omwe anali ndi ufulu wochepa kusiyana ndi ana, ayenera kulandira chisamaliro chachikristu komanso mowolowa manja.

Boma lina lakumbuyo la Massachusetts lotsutsa ukapolo limaphatikizapo nyimbo za ana a mitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe amadziwika kuti "Boston Garrison Juvenile Choir." Iwo ankaimba nyimbo zotchuka za tchuthi monga "Sugar Plums." Azimayi omwe ankachita masewerawa a Khirisimasi ankagwiritsanso ntchito zizindikiro zokongola, monga shrub yobiriwira. Pamapeto a ma 1830s, mafilimu a Khirisimasi adasanduka chitsimikiziro chachikulu cha kuthetsa ndalama poyeretsa ndalama.

Othandizira a Bazaar adaloŵa m'malo mwachitsamba chobiriwira chobiriwira, chotsalira chotsogozedwa ndi Charles Follen, wochokera ku Germany yemwe anali woimira ufulu wa ana komanso pulofesa wa mabuku ku Harvard University. Anathamangitsidwa mu 1835 chifukwa cha ntchito zake zotsutsa ukapolo.

Khirisimasi imeneyi, wolemba mabuku wotchuka wa ku Britain Harriet Martineau anapita kukafika kunyumba kwa Follen ndipo anayamba kuloŵedwa ndi chitsamba chake chobiriwira kwambiri. Martineau mokondwera anafotokoza "Mtengo wa Khirisimasi" wa Follen m'modzi mwa mabuku ake ndipo anthu onse adakondwera nawo. Mtengo wa Khirisimasi unaima ngati mtundu wautali wofiira ufulu.

M'masiku amenewo, azimayi omwe amatsutsa ukapolo ndi amtundu wawo amatsutsana ndi anthu amphamvu ogwira ntchito akapolo omwe amachititsa anthu ambiri, amuna, akazi ndi ana kukhala katundu, komanso ndondomeko yandale yomwe ikulamulidwa ndi mayiko a Kummwera akulamulira malamulo ambiri nthambi za boma la federal.

Komabe, kuti awonetsere kuipa kwakukulu kwa dziko lino kwa ukapolo, gulu losiyana la akazili linasintha zomwe zinali zachikondwerero, zachikondwerero ndi phwando la Khirisimasi lomwe limalimbikitsa ufulu kwa onse.

Kuunikira kuwala pa tchimo la ukapolo waumunthu ndikufuna kumasulidwa pa Khirisimasi ndi masiku ena a 364, magulu ankhondo odana ndi ukapolo amagunda mwamphamvu pa zitseko zatsekedwa, pogwiritsa ntchito nzeru zaluso ndi mphamvu zamakhalidwe abwino. Pambuyo pake nkhondo yawo inangowamasula abale ndi alongo awo a Kummwera koma inabala mtundu wa Mazunzo omwe zaka makumi anayi pambuyo pake adapeza ufulu wandale kwa amayi onse ku United States.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Khirisimasi kuwonetsera chifukwa chotsutsana ndi ukapolo kunaperekanso zizindikiro zambiri zokondweretsa Khirisimasi, kuphatikizapo kulimbikitsa ana, kupereka mphatso ndi mtengo wobiriwira. Ndipo, powalimbikitsa ufulu, amayiwa adapatsa demokalase ya ku America mphatso ya Khrisimasi yomwe imaleka kupereka.

William Loren Katz, mlembi wa Amwenye Achimwenye: Cholowa Chobisika ndi mabuku ena makumi anayi aku America, ndi Scholar Yoyendera ku New York University. Copyright William Loren Katz 2010 Tsamba lake ndi www.williamlkatz.com