By , Inkistick, January 12, 2023
Bungwe la International Catalan Institute for Peace posachedwapa latulutsa mawu ozama, odzutsa chilakolako, komanso omwe angasinthe mikangano lipoti pamitundu yotakata komanso kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa kulimba mtima kopanda chiwawa kwa Chiyukireniya komanso kusagwirizana pakuwukira kwa Russia. Lipotilo likuyang'ana zochitika zosagwirizana ndi anthu wamba kuyambira mwezi wa February mpaka June 2022, ndicholinga chofuna kuzindikira mikhalidwe yawo ndi zotsatira zake.
Kafukufuku wa lipotilo adakhudzanso zoyankhulana za 55, zomwe zidadziwika pazochitika zosachita zachiwawa za 235, ndipo adapeza kuti kukana chiwawa kwalepheretsa zolinga zanthawi yayitali zankhondo ndi ndale za akuluakulu aku Russia, monga kukhazikitsa magulu ankhondo ndi kuponderezana m'madera omwe adalandidwa. Kukana kopanda chiwawa kwatetezanso anthu wamba ambiri, kusokoneza nkhani yaku Russia, kulimbitsa chitetezo chamderalo, komanso kulimbikitsa maulamuliro amderalo. Zoyesayesa izi zimapereka boma la US ndi mwayi wofunikira wothandizira anthu a ku Ukraine mu konkire, njira zothandiza zothandizira kusintha mphamvu zamagetsi pansi.
ZIMENE ZINTHU ZOSAVUTA ZOSAVUTA ZIKUONEKA KU UKRAINE
Zitsanzo zina zakuchitapo kanthu molimba mtima kosachita zachiwawa ndi aku Ukraine kutseka convoys ndi akasinja ndi maimidwe malo awo ngakhale ndi chenjezo kuwomberedwa m’matauni angapo. Mu Berdyansk ndi Kulykіvka, anthu adakonza misonkhano yamtendere ndikutsimikizira asilikali a Russia kuti atuluke. Mazana amatsutsa kugwidwa kwa meya, ndipo apo zakhala zionetsero ndi kukana kusintha kwa ruble ku Kherson kukana kukhala dziko lopatukana. Anthu aku Ukraine adagwirizananso ndi Russia asilikali kutsitsa chikhalidwe chawo ndi kulimbikitsa zopatuka. Anthu a ku Ukraine molimba mtima achotsa anthu ambiri m’madera oopsa. Mwachitsanzo, Chiyukireniya League of Mediators ikuthandizira kuthana ndi kufalikira kwamagulu m'mabanja ndi anthu aku Ukraine kuti achepetse ziwawa.
china lipoti ndi Peace, Action, Training and Research Institute ku Romania zikuphatikizapo zitsanzo zaposachedwa za kusagwirizana ndi anthu wamba a ku Ukraine, monga alimi akukana kugulitsa tirigu kwa asilikali a Russia ndi kupereka thandizo kwa asilikali a Russia. Anthu aku Ukraine akhazikitsanso malo ena oyang'anira ndikubisa omenyera ufulu ndi ogwira ntchito m'boma ngati akuluakulu, oyang'anira, ndi oyang'anira masukulu. Aphunzitsi achiyukireniya adakananso miyezo yaku Russia yamapulogalamu amaphunziro, akusunga miyezo yawoyawo.
Kugwira ntchito kufooketsa thandizo lankhondo ku Russia ndi njira yofunika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, lingaliro la polojekiti ndi akatswiri achigawo ku Kyiv akugwira nawo ntchito Chisangalalo cha mayiko, bungwe losagwirizana ndi boma, likusonkhanitsa anthu a ku Russia kunja kwa Russia kuti afotokoze mauthenga okhudzana ndi nkhondo kwa anthu a ku Russia. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zopangira ziwopsezo kuchokera kwa asitikali aku Russia ndikuthandizira omwe achoka kale kuti apewe kulowa usilikali ndi mwayi wofunikira kwambiri pazandale zaku US.
Ndidapita ku Kyiv kumapeto kwa Meyi 2022 ngati gawo la a nthumwi za zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana. Kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, ndinalowa nawo bungwe la Peace, Action, Training and Research Institute of Romania, lomwe lili ku Romania, paulendo wopita ku Ukraine kukakumana ndi omenyera ufulu komanso olimbikitsa mtendere. Anali ndi misonkhano kuti awonjezere mgwirizano wawo ndikuwongolera njira zawo. Tinamva nkhani zawo za kukana ndi kufunikira kwawo chithandizo ndi zothandizira. Ambiri aiwo adapita ku Brussels ndi anzawo apadziko lonse lapansi kuti akalimbikitse ndalama zambiri zothandizira ntchito zoterezi, ndipo adapemphanso kulengeza kofananako ku boma la US.
Anthu a ku Ukraine omwe tinakumana nawo adapempha kuti tipemphe atsogoleri akuluakulu, monga mamembala a Congress ndi White House, kuti achite zinthu zitatu. Choyamba, pogawana zitsanzo zawo za kukana kopanda chiwawa. Chachiwiri, polimbikitsa boma la Ukraine ndi maboma ena kuti awathandize popanga njira yopanda chiwawa yosagwirizana ndi ntchitoyo. Ndipo chachitatu, popereka maphunziro azachuma, njira zamakampeni, ndi ukadaulo / chitetezo cha digito. Pomalizira pake, koma mosapita m’mbali, anapempha kuti asasiyidwe okha.
Mmodzi mwa oyang'anira mikangano omwe tidakumana nawo ku Kharkiv amathandizidwa ndi UN ndipo adanena kuti m'madera omwe adakhalapo pomwe kukana kopanda chiwawa kunali njira yoyamba, a ku Ukraine adakumana ndi kuponderezedwa kochepa poyankha kukana kwamtunduwu. M'madera omwe ali ndi ziwawa zachiwawa, a ku Ukraine anakumana ndi kuponderezedwa kwambiri poyankha kukana kwawo. The Nonviolent Peaceforce wayambanso kupanga mapulogalamu ku Mykolaiv ndi Kharkiv ku Ukraine. Akupereka chitetezo ndi kuperekeza anthu wamba opanda zida, makamaka kwa okalamba, olumala, ana, ndi zina zotero. Ndondomeko zakunja za US zingathandize mwachindunji ndi kukulitsa mapulogalamu omwe alipo komanso njira zomwe zatsimikiziridwa.
AKUMVA OTENGA MTENDERE NDI ANTHU OTSATIRA ZIWAWA
M'buku lodziwika bwino, "Chifukwa Chake Kusagwirizana Kwachigawo Kumagwira Ntchito, "ofufuza adasanthula mikangano yamasiku ano ya 300 ndipo adawonetsa kuti kukana kopanda chiwawa kumakhala kothandiza kawiri kuposa kukana chiwawa komanso kuchulukitsa kakhumi kumabweretsa demokalase yokhazikika, kuphatikizapo olamulira. Kafukufuku wa Erica Chenoweth ndi Maria J. Stephan anaphatikizapo kampeni yokhala ndi zolinga zenizeni, monga kukana ntchito kapena kufuna kudzilamulira. Izi ndi mbali zonse zofunikira pazambiri komanso mikangano yomwe yatenga nthawi yayitali ku Ukraine, popeza madera aku Ukraine akhala akulandidwa ndipo dzikolo likufuna kuteteza kudziyimira pawokha ngati dziko.
Tiyerekeze kuti mfundo zakunja zaku US zikutsamira pantchito yothandizira migwirizano yambiri yosagwirizana ndi ziwawa. Zikatero, tingathe kukulitsa zizolowezi, mwa anthu ndi m'magulu, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi demokalase yokhazikika, chitetezo chamgwirizano, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa anthu. Zizolowezi zotere zimaphatikizapo kutenga nawo mbali pazandale ndi anthu, kupanga mgwirizano, kumanga mgwirizano waukulu, kuyika zoopsa molimba mtima, kuchita nawo mikangano yolimbikitsa, kupanga anthu, kuchita zinthu mwanzeru, kumverana chisoni, ndi chifundo.
US mfundo zachilendo akhala nawo mu Ukraine ndi zokayikitsa ndi kusuntha zolinga. Komabe, pali mwayi waukulu wozama ndikukonzanso mgwirizano wathu ndi anthu aku Ukraine kutengera zopempha zachindunji za omanga mtendere aku Ukraine komanso osachita zachiwawa. M'malo mwawo, ndikupempha Congress, ogwira ntchito ku Congress, ndi White House kuti agawane lipoti ili ndi nkhanizi ndi omwe amapanga zisankho.
Yakwana nthawi yoti tigwire ntchito ndi boma la Ukraine kuti tipange njira yosagwirizana komanso yopanda chiwawa yomwe ingathandizire omenyera ufulu waku Ukraine komanso olimbikitsa mtendere. Yakwananso nthawi yoti utsogoleri wa US agwiritse ntchito ndalama zambiri pophunzitsa, chitetezo cha digito, ndi thandizo lazachuma kwa omanga mtenderewa komanso osachita zachiwawa m'maphukusi aliwonse amtsogolo a Chiyukireniya pamene tikuyesetsa kukhazikitsa mtendere wokhazikika.
Eli McCarthy ndi Pulofesa wa Chilungamo ndi Maphunziro a Mtendere ku Georgetown University ndi Co-Founder / Director of the Gulu la Mtendere la DC.
Mayankho a 5
Nkhaniyi ndi yosangalatsa komanso yopatsa chidwi. Funso langa, ndi pamene dziko monga Russia la Putin likuchita nkhanza kwa anthu a ku Ukraine, kodi kukana kopanda chiwawa kungagonjetse bwanji izi? Ngati dziko la United States ndi maiko ena a NATO asiya kutumiza zida ku Ukraine, kodi sizingabweretse ku Ukraine kwathunthu ndi asitikali a Putin ndikupha anthu ambiri aku Ukraine? Kodi anthu ambiri aku Ukraine akukana chiwawa ngati njira yopezera asitikali aku Russia ndi asitikali aku Ukraine? Ndikumvanso kuti iyi ndi nkhondo ya Putin, ndipo ambiri mwa anthu aku Russia sali opha anthu osafunikira. Ndikufuna mayankho a mafunsowa moona mtima. Ndiwerenga lipotilo, ndikumvetsetsa kuti nkhondoyo yapitilira theka lina la chaka kuyambira Juni 2022, ndi nkhanza zambiri komanso zankhanza za asitikali a Putin. Ndikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi mawu anu: "Yakwananso nthawi yoti utsogoleri wa US agwiritse ntchito ndalama zambiri pophunzitsa, chitetezo cha digito, ndi thandizo lazachuma kwa omanga mtendere awa komanso osachita zachiwawa m'maphukusi aliwonse amtsogolo aku Ukraine pamene tikuyesera kupanga zinthu zokhazikika. , mtendere basi.” Zikomo kwambiri polemba izi.
M'mafunso anu ndikuwona malingaliro olakwika (m'malingaliro anga - mwachiwonekere ndili ndi zokonda zanga komanso zowonera).
1) Kuti ziwawa zankhondo ndi nkhanza zili mbali imodzi: izi sizowona ndipo zimanenedwanso ndi atolankhani akumadzulo, ngakhale nthawi zambiri zimaphimbidwa ndi zifukwa zomveka ndikukwiriridwa kumbuyo kwa tsamba loyamba. Kumbukiraninso kuti nkhondoyi yakhala ikupitilira kuyambira 2014. Zomwe tinganene motsimikiza ndikuti nkhondoyo ikatha nthawi yayitali, milandu yambiri idzachitidwa ndi mbali zonse. Osasokoneza izi ngati zodzilungamitsa zobisika zamilandu yaku Russia kapena zonena kuti Ukraine ndiyomwe ili ndi mlandu. Koma kutengera zomwe zidachitika ku Odessa mu 2014, zomwe zikupitilira kuchitika ku Donbas, komanso kuphedwa kwankhanza kwamavidiyo aku Russia POWs mwachitsanzo, ndili ndi chikhulupiriro chopanda chikhulupiriro kuti "kumasulidwa" kwa Ukraine ku Crimea, mwachitsanzo, kudzakhala kothandiza. Ndipo ndikuganiza kusiyana kwina pakati pa ine ndi anthu ambiri omenyera nkhondo ndikuti sindimayika onse aku Russia kapena asitikali aku Russia ngati "orcs". Iwo ndi anthu.
2) Ngati US ndi NATO asiya kutumiza zida - Russia idzatenga mwayi ndikugonjetsa kwathunthu Ukraine. Lingaliro loyimitsa zida sikuyenera kukhala lokhalokha ndipo lingakhale lokhazikika. Momwe mkangano wakhalira - pang'onopang'ono US yachulukitsa chithandizo chankhondo chachindunji komanso chosalunjika, ndikukankhira malire (mukumbukira pomwe a Biden adatulutsa chitetezo cha Patriot?). Ndipo tonse tiyenera kumafunsa komwe izi zitha kutha. Kuganiza motere kumatsimikizira lingaliro la DE-escalation. Mbali iliyonse iyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti iwonetse chikhulupiriro chake chabwino. Sindigula mkangano wakuti Russia inali "yosatsutsika" mwa njira - imodzi mwazotsutsana zotsutsana ndi zokambirana.
3) Anthu a ku Russia sakugwirizana ndi nkhondo - mulibe chidziwitso pa izi ndikuvomereza mochuluka. Momwemonso, simukudziwa zomwe anthu omwe akukhala ku Donbas ndi Crimea akumva. Nanga bwanji anthu a ku Ukraine amene anathawira ku Russia nkhondo yapachiweniweni itayamba mu 2014? Koma mulimonse izi ndiye lingaliro lakumbuyo kwa njira ya US + NATO: kupha anthu aku Russia okwanira ndipo asintha malingaliro awo ndikuchotsa Putin panthawiyi (ndipo mwina Blackrock atha kutenga nawo gawo mumakampani amafuta aku Russia ndi mafuta). Momwemonso, iyi ndi njira yomweyi ku Russia - kupha anthu aku Ukraine okwanira, kuwononga kokwanira, kuti Ukraine / NATO / EU ivomereze malonda ena. Komabe kumbali zonse, ku Russia, ngakhale Zelensky nthawi zina, ndi akuluakulu apamwamba aku US adanena kuti zokambirana zidzafunika. Ndiye bwanji osapulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu masauzande ambiri? Bwanji osalola othawa kwawo 9+ miliyoni kuti apite kwawo (mwa njira, pafupifupi 3 miliyoni aiwo ali ku Russia). Ngati US ndi NATO kwenikweni amasamala za anthu wamba Russian ndi Chiyukireniya, iwo akanathandiza njira imeneyi. Koma nditaya chiyembekezo, ndikaganizira zomwe zachitika ku Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen, Syria, ndi Liberia.
4) Kuti ambiri a ku Ukraine ayenera kuthandizira njira yopanda chiwawa kuti ikhale yoyenera. Funso lofunika kwambiri ndilakuti - ndi chiyani chomwe chili chabwino kwa aliyense? Ndi chiyani chomwe chili chabwino kwa anthu? Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti iyi ndi nkhondo ya "demokalase" ndi "dongosolo ladziko lonse" ndiye kuti mudzafuna chigonjetso chopanda malire (koma mwachiyembekezo mumavomereza mwayi womwe muli nawo wofuna kuti mutonthozedwe kunyumba kwanu). Mwina mudzanyalanyaza zinthu zocheperako zautundu waku Ukraine (Ndikudabwabe kuti tsiku lobadwa la Stepan Bandera likuvomerezedwa mwalamulo - mungaganize kuti akadazichotsa mwakachetechete pa kalendala ya tchuthi). Koma ndikayang'ana thandizo la US pakutsekereza kwa Yemen, kugwira ntchito moyenera kwa minda yamafuta aku Syria, phindu lobangula lamakampani amphamvu aku US ndi opanga zida zankhondo, ndimafunsa kuti ndani kwenikweni amapindula ndi dongosolo ladziko lino lapansi, komanso momwe zilili bwino. .
Ndimataya chikhulupiriro tsiku lililonse koma pakadali pano ndikukhulupirirabe kuti ngati anthu okwanira padziko lonse lapansi - kuphatikiza ku United States, Russia, ndi Ukraine - akufuna mtendere - zitha kuchitika.
Ndine waku Canada. Mu 2014, pambuyo pa kuukira kwa Russia ku Crimea, ndipo pambuyo pa referendum yoyang'anira Russia yomwe inalibe kukhulupirika ndipo sichinasinthe kalikonse, ndinakhumudwa kwambiri kumva nduna yathu, Stephen Harper, akunena kwa Putin "Muyenera kuchoka ku Crimea. ” Ndemanga iyi inali yopanda ntchito ndipo sinasinthe chilichonse, pomwe Harper akanatha kuchita zambiri.
Harper akanatha kupereka referendum yoyang'aniridwa ndi UN. Akanatha kunena kuti Canada yachita bwino ndi dera la Canada, lomwe ndi chigawo cha Quebec, kuposa momwe zakhalira mbali ya Canada. Chochititsa chidwi paubwenziwu ndi chakuti pakhala chiwawa chochepa. Ndithudi mbiriyi ndiyofunika kugawana ndi Putin (ndi Zelenskyy).
Ndikufuna kulimbikitsa gulu lamtendere ku Ukraine kuti lilumikizane ndi boma la Canada (lomwe silikutsogozedwanso ndi Harper) ndikulimbikitsa boma kuti lifune kugawana nawo mbiri yawo yosagwirizana ndi omwe akukhudzidwa ndi mkanganowo. Canada ikugwirizana ndi dziko lapansi popereka zida ku Ukraine. Ikhoza kuchita bwino kwambiri.
Ndikumva kuyamikira kwenikweni kwa Catalan Institute for Peace, ya WBW, komanso kwa iwo omwe apereka ndemanga pankhaniyi. Zokambiranazi zimandikumbutsa za chiyambi cha malamulo a UNESCO, omwe amatikumbutsa kuti kuyambira pamene nkhondo zimayamba m'maganizo mwathu, zili m'maganizo mwathu kuti chitetezo chamtendere chiyenera kumangidwa. Ndicho chifukwa chake nkhani ngati izi, ndi zokambirana komanso, ndizofunikira kwambiri.
BTW, ndinganene kuti gwero langa lalikulu la maphunziro osachita zachiwawa, zomwe zakhudza osati malingaliro anga okha komanso zochita zanga, zakhala Conscience Canada. Tikuyang'ana mamembala atsopano a board 🙂
Kuti lingaliro lopanda chiwawa lidakalipobe pambuyo pa zaka mazana ambiri a nkhondo yosalekeza ndi mbiri ya gawo la anthu lomwe limakonda mtendere ndili pafupi ndi 94. Bambo anga anabwera kunyumba kuchokera ku chipolopolo cha WWI anadabwa, atawombera, 100% olumala, ndi pacifist. . Muunyamata wanga, anyamata angapo ananama za msinkhu wawo ndipo adalowa mu WWII. Ndinkatolera zitsulo komanso kugulitsa masitampu ankhondo. Mchimwene wanga wamng'ono adalembedwa kumapeto kwa WWII ndipo adathera nthawi yake mu utumiki akusewera French Horn ku Ulaya komwe kunkakhala. Mwamuna wanga wamng'ono anali 4F. Tinalima ndipo ndinaphunzitsa kusukulu ndikuchita fanizo la sayansi kuti ndimupatse PhD. Ndinalowa m’gulu la a Quakers omwe amalankhula mosapita m’mbali ndikugwira ntchito padziko lonse pofuna mtendere. Ndinapita paulendo wodzipangira ndalama wa Peace Pilgrimage 1983 kupita ku 91 ndikuphunzitsa luso lolankhulana lopanda chiwawa la Johanna Macy lotchedwa "Despair & Empowerment" m'maboma 29 ndi Canada, ndikupanga ma slideshows kuchokera pazithunzi za opanga mtendere omwe ndidakumana nawo panjira, kenako adawonetsa ndikugawa. kwa zaka zina khumi. Ndinabwerera kusukulu kwa zaka zisanu pambuyo pa udokotala wa Masters ndipo ndinakhala chimene ndikufuna nditakula, Art Therapist. Kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 66 kupita m’tsogolo ndinagwira ntchito imeneyi ndipo ndinayambitsanso malo a anthu ku Agua Prieta, Sonora, Mexico, amene akuthandizabe anthu osauka kuwongolera luso lawo, kuphunzira kulinganiza zinthu m’madera ndi kupanga zisankho zademokalase. Tsopano, ndikukhala m'kanyumba kakang'ono kapamwamba kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Oregon. Ndayamba kukhulupirira kuti anthu awononga chisa chake moti moyo wa anthu padziko lapansi watsala pang’ono kutha. Ndikumva chisoni chifukwa cha dziko langa lokondedwa.