ndi Alison Broinowski, Mapale ndi Kukwiya, August 27, 2021
Australia ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi mafunso ambiri mwa iwo wokha kuposa pafupifupi dziko lina lililonse. Timafufuza pazonse, kuyambira kufa kwa Amwenye omwe ali m'ndende, kuzunzidwa kwa ana, komanso kukwatiwa kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha mpaka zolakwa zakubanki, kasino, mayankho a mliri, komanso milandu yankhondo. Pali chosiyana chimodzi pakukhumba kwathu podziyesa tokha: Nkhondo za Australia.
In Nkhondo Zosafunikira, wolemba mbiri Henry Reynolds akukumbukira kuti pambuyo pa nkhondo Australia sifunsa chifukwa chomwe timamenyera, zotsatira zake, kapena mtengo wanji. Timangopempha kokha momwe tinkamenya nkhondo, ngati kuti nkhondo inali masewera a mpira.
Chikumbutso cha Nkhondo yaku Australia sichinaiwale cholinga chake choyambirira chokumbukira, komanso chenjezo lopweteketsa mtima 'kuti tisaiwale'. Kutanganidwa ndi AWM, ndi a Brendan Nelson ngati Director, kudakhala chikondwerero cha nkhondo zam'mbuyomu, komanso kupititsa patsogolo zida, zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja pamtengo wotsika kuchokera kumakampani omwe amathandizira AWM. A board awo, omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi a Kerry Stokes ndipo akuphatikizapo Tony Abbott, sanaphatikizepo wolemba mbiri m'modzi.
Boma likuchepetsa kuphunzitsa kwa mbiriyakale kumayunivesite. M'malo mophunzira zomwe tingathe m'mbiri yathu, Australia imabwereza ndikubwereza. Sitinapambane nkhondo kuyambira 1945. Ku Afghanistan, Iraq, ndi Syria, tataya enanso atatu.
Anthu aku Australia adapempha kuti afunse za nkhondo yaku Iraq, yofanana ndi yaku Britain motsogozedwa ndi Sir James Chilcot, yomwe idanenanso ku 2016 pazolakwika zomwe zidabweretsa tsokalo. Ku Canberra, palibe Boma kapena Otsutsa omwe angakhale nawo. M'malo mwake, adalemba mbiri yovomerezeka ya nkhondo ku East Timor, ndi Middle East, zomwe sizinachitike.
Kusokonekera kwa mwezi uno ku Afghanistan kudanenedweratu, ndipo zidanenedweratu, kuphatikiza aku America ankhondo, monga 'Mapepala aku Afghanistan' adawonetsera mu 2019. Zisanachitike izi, 'Afghanistan War Logs' yofalitsidwa ndi WikiLeaks idawonetsa kuti 'nkhondo yamuyaya 'zitha kugonjetsedwa. A Julian Assange akadali otsekeredwa kuti achite izi.
Ngakhale iwo omwe anali achichepere kwambiri kuti adziwe Vietnam poyamba amatha kuzindikira zomwe zikuchitika ku Afghanistan: chifukwa chabodza chankhondo, mdani wosamvetsetseka, malingaliro olakwika, magulu angapo oyendetsa boma loipa, kugonjetsedwa. Pankhondo ziwirizi, purezidenti wotsatizana waku US (komanso nduna zazikulu zaku Australia) anakana kuvomereza zotsatira zake.
CIA ku Afghanistan idabwereza momwe malonda a opium amayendera ku Vietnam ndi Cambodia. Taliban MKI itayamba ntchito mu 1996, idatseka kulima kwa poppy, koma NATO itafika mu 2001, heroin yotumiza kunja idayamba bizinesi mwachizolowezi. Owonerera aku America ati Taliban MKII mu 2021 angafunike ndalama zochokera ku mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuyendetsa dziko lawo lowonongekera, makamaka ngati US ndi mabungwe ake atapereka zilango, kapena athetsa World Bank ndi IMF kuthandizira Afghanistan.
Kusewera khadi la ufulu wa anthu nthawi zonse kumakhala njira yomaliza yomenyera azungu. Tidamva kuti achi Taliban opondereza akupondereza ufulu wa amayi ndi atsikana nthawi zonse pamene mgwirizano wapakati pa nkhondo ku Afghanistan wachepetsa. Kenako padzakhala gulu lankhondo, zomwe zotsatira zake zinali kupha anthu wamba zikwizikwi, kuphatikiza akazi ndi atsikana.
Tsopano, ngati tikulimbananso ndi manja athu onse, zitha kukhala zosokoneza: kodi azimayi ambiri aku Afghanistan akuponderezedwabe ndi a Taliban omwewo achiwawa, komanso ana ambiri akuvutika ndi kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kukula kwakanthawi? Kapena kodi azimayi ambiri aku Afghanistan akupindula ndi zaka 20 zopeza maphunziro, ntchito, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala? Ngati izi zinali zofunika kwambiri, chifukwa chiyani a Trump adadula ndalama zaku US zothandizira kulera? (Biden, kwa mbiri yake, adabwezeretsa mu February).
Ndi ambiri akufa ndi ovulala, kuthekera kwa amayi ndi abambo onse kudzafunika, monga atsogoleri a Taliban anenera. Momwe mfundo zachisilamu zidzagwiritsire ntchito sikuti ife, mayiko omwe anataya nkhondo, tisankhe. Nanga bwanji aku US akuganizira ziletso, zomwe zipitisitsanso umphawi mdzikolo? Zachidziwikire, monga nkhondo zonse zaku America zapitazi, sipanatchulidwepo zakubwezera, zomwe zingathandize Afghanistan kuti amange dziko lawo m'njira yawoyawo. Izi ndi zazikulu kwambiri kuyembekezera kuchokera kwa otayikawa, kuphatikiza Australia.
Afghanistan yakhala zaka makumi ambiri pachimake pa 'masewera akulu' pakati pa East ndi West. Nkhondo yaposachedwa ikutha, mphamvu zamagetsi zikuyenda molimba mtima kum'mawa kwa Asia - zomwe Kishore Mahbubani waku Singapore akuyembekeza kwazaka zopitilira makumi awiri. China ikulemba mayiko kudutsa Central Asia, kuti asamenye nkhondo, koma kuti apindule ndi Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Central ndi Eastern Europe Community, ndi Belt and Road Initiative. Iran ndi Pakistan tsopano akuchita, ndipo Afghanistan ikuyembekezeka kutsatira. China ikupeza mphamvu kudera lonse kudzera mwamtendere ndi chitukuko, osati nkhondo ndi chiwonongeko.
Ngati anthu aku Australia anyalanyaza kusintha kwa mphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe zikuchitika pamaso pathu, tidzakumana ndi zotsatirapo zake. Ngati sitingagonjetse a Taliban, tipambana bwanji pankhondo yolimbana ndi China? Zotayika zathu zidzakhala zazikulu mosayerekezeka. Mwina akakumana ku Washington mu Seputembala, PM atha kufunsa ngati Purezidenti Biden akukhulupirirabe kuti America yabwerera, ndipo akufuna nkhondo ndi China. Koma Biden sanavutike ndi kuyimbira a Morrison kuti adzakambirane za kayendedwe ka Kabul. Zambiri zomwe timapeza munkhondo yaku Afghanistan, yomwe imayenera kutigulira ku Washington.
Maphunziro a mbiriyakale yathu ndi omveka. Tisanabwereze kubwereranso ku China ndikuyitanitsa tsoka lowopsa, ANZUS ali ndi zaka 70 akuyenera kuwunikiridwa bwino, ndipo Australia ikufunikanso mafunso ena odziyimira pawokha, pagulu lino kunkhondo ku Afghanistan, Iraq, ndi Syria.
