Joeau ndi Garth Brooks ndi Belleau Wood

Mayankho a 2

1. Ntchito Yochenjeza

   Kukumbukira Chida cha Khirisimasi cha 1914:
   (Ndipo Kufunsa Mafunso a Chikhristu ku Kupha Munthu)

   Momwe Asirikali Omwe Anakhalira ndi Chikumbumtima Chotsatira Atafika Kumalo Oletsedwa Nkhondo

   Ndi Gary G. Kohls, MD

   Atumizidwa pa: http://www.greanvillepost.com/2017/12/19/remembering-the-christmas-truce-of-1914-and-questioning-christian-participation-in-homicide/

   “… Ndipo omwe akuyitana akatemera sadzakhala pakati pa akufa ndi opunduka;
   Ndipo kumapeto kulikonse kwa mfuti ndife ofanana ”- John McCutcheon

   Zaka za 103 zapitazo chinachake cha Khirisimasi chinachitika pafupi ndi chiyambi cha "Nkhondo Yothetsa Nkhondo Zonse" zomwe zikuika kakang'ono kakang'ono ka chiyembekezo mu mndandanda wamakedzana wa kuphedwa kwakukulu komwe kuli bungwe.

   Chochitikacho chinkayang'aniridwa ndi gulu la akatswiri a usilikali kuti likhale lolimba kwambiri komanso lofunika kwambiri (ndipo limasokoneza) kuti njira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa mwamsanga zikhazikitse kuti chochitika chimenecho chisadzachitikenso.

   "Christian" Europe inali mwezi wachisanu wa nkhondo ya 1914 - 1918, yomwe imatchedwa Nkhondo Yaikulu yomwe potsiriza idatha kudzipha mwadzidzidzi patatha zaka zinayi zowononga nkhondo, ndi onse omwe adayambitsa nawo ndalama, mwauzimu ndi mwamakhalidwe bankrupt.

   A British, Scottish, French, Belgium, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, German, Austria, Hungarian, Serbia, Russia ndi atsogoleri a ku Russia m'mayiko ena achikristu anali kuchita nawo pokhapokha atakhala ndi mtima wofuna kukonda dziko lapansi umene ungadzitengere pa chiwonongeko chimene chinawononga maufumu anayi, anaphedwa pamwamba pa asilikali a 20 milioni ndi anthu wamba, ena mamiliyoni ambirimbiri ovulazidwa mwakuthupi ndipo adayambitsa mchitidwe wa maganizo ndi wauzimu wa mbadwo wonse wa anyamata omwe chisamaliro cha uzimu chiyenera kukhala udindo wa atsogoleri achipembedzo.

   Chikhristu, chiyenera kukumbukiridwa, chinayamba ngati chipembedzo cholimba chachipwirikiti chokhazikitsidwa ndi ziphunzitso ndi zochita za Yesu wa Nazareti wosasamala (ndi atumwi ake ndi otsatira ake). Chikhristu chinapulumuka ndipo chinapulumuka ngakhale chizunzo mpaka icho chinakhala chipembedzo chachikulu kwambiri mu Ufumu wa Roma pamene Constantine Wamkulu anakhala mfumu (mu 313 CE) ndipo anabweretsa atsogoleri achipembedzo kukhala oyenera ndi chiwawa cha homicidal cha nkhondo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mayiko omwe amati ndi chipembedzo chawo monga chipembedzo chawo sanalole kuti mipingo yayikulu iwonetsetse mtendere weniweni wa mawonekedwe oyambirira a Chikhristu monga Yesu anaphunzitsira.

   Kotero, mosiyana ndi ziphunzitso za chikhalidwe cha Yesu, mipingo yamakono yamakono yatsutsa kukhala ochita masewera olimbikitsa ku zida za nkhondo kapena mtundu wa dziko lake, nkhondo yake yowononga, asilikali ake omwe amapanga nkhondo kapena opondereza dziko lake. M'malomwake, tchalitchichi chimakhala chida chamagazi cha satana pothandizira kulimbikitsa anthu amtundu wa anthu ndi mabungwe a anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu.

   Kotero, siziyenera kudabwitsidwa kuona kuti atsogoleri achipembedzo kumbali zonse za nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lapansi adatsimikiza kuti Mulungu ali pambali pawo ndipo kotero osati pambali ya omwe amati ndi otsatira Yesu monga adani ndi atsogoleri awo a ndale. Kukhulupirira kuti mulungu yemweyo anali kudalitsa zida zakupha ndi kuteteza ana owonongedwa kumbali zonse za No-Man's Land) alephera kulembetsa ndi amphawi ambiri ndi alangizi awo auzimu.

   Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo, maguwa ndi mipando konsekonse ku Europe kunadzaza ndi chidwi chogwedeza mbendera, kutumiza mauthenga omveka kwa mamiliyoni a ana ankhondo omwe awonongedwa kuti inali ntchito yawo yachikhristu kuti apite kukapha asitikali achikhristu omwe awonongedwa mbali inayo mbali ya mzere. Ndipo kwa anthu wamba kwawo, inali udindo wawo wachikhristu "kuthandiza asitikali" omwe amayenera kubwerera kwawo atamwalira kapena ovulala, osokonezeka m'maganizo komanso mwauzimu, okhumudwa - komanso opanda chikhulupiriro.

   Miyezi isanu yokha mu nkhondo yowopsya iyi (yomwe ili ndi nkhondo zam'mphepete, zida zamatabwa, zowuma mfuti moto, ndipo posachedwa, zivomezi zosasunthika, zida zankhondo ndi mpweya wa poizoni), Khirisimasi yoyamba ya nkhondo ku Western Front inapereka Mpumulo kwa otopa, asilikali ozizira komanso owononga.

   Khirisimasi inali maholide okhwima achikhristu ndipo msirikali aliyense m'matumba a chisanu anali akufika pang'onopang'ono kuzindikira kuti nkhondo siinali yaulemerero (monga adatsogoleredwa). Atatha kufa, kufa, njala, chisanu, kugona tulo, kugwedezeka kwa chipolopolo, kuvulazidwa kwa ubongo ndi kukhumudwa kwawo, mzimu wa Khirisimasi ndi zoyembekeza za mtendere ndi chikondi, zinali ndi tanthauzo lapadera kwa asilikali.

   Khrisimasi idakumbutsa asirikali za chakudya chabwino, nyumba zotentha ndi mabanja okondedwa ndi abwenzi omwe adasiya ndipo - omwe akuwakayikira - mwina sadzawaonanso. Asirikali omwe anali mumtengowo anafunafuna mpumulo ku mavuto a khoswe, nsabwe ndi ngalande zomwe zinali ndi mitembo.

   Ena mwa asilikali oganiza bwino anali atayamba kukayikira kuti ngakhale atapulumuka nkhondoyo, sangathe kupulumuka mwachiphamaso kapena mwauzimu.

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   Pa chisangalalo chotsogolera ku nkhondo, asilikali akumbuyo kumbali zonse adakhulupirira kuti Mulungu ali kumbali yawo, kuti dziko lawo lidakonzedweratu kuti lidzagonjetse ndipo kuti adzakhala "kunyumba asanakwane Khirisimasi" kumene angakhale akukondedwa ngati amphamvu ogonjetsa.

   M'malo mwake, msirikali aliyense wakutsogolo adapezeka kumapeto kwa chingwe chake cham'mutu chifukwa cha zida zankhondo zosalekeza zomwe analibe chitetezo. Akapanda kuphedwa kapena kuvulazidwa ndi zipolopolo zankhondo ndi mabomba, pamapeto pake amatha kuwonongedwa ndi "shell-shock" (yomwe tsopano imadziwika kuti posttraumatic stress disorder - PTSD).

   Odzipha omwe anawona zitsanzo zambiri za nkhanza zankhanza zinkapweteka kwambiri, kudandaula, kudzipha, kutaya mtima, zoopsya zoopsa ndi zozizwitsa (zomwe kawirikawiri zimatchulidwa kuti ndi "chiphunzitso chosadziwika") amatsutsa mamiliyoni a asilikali amtsogolo kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi schizophrenia ndipo molakwika amachizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amasintha ubongo).

   Asilikali ambiri a padziko lonse ankhondo a padziko lonse adakumana ndi mavuto ambirimbiri, kuphatikizapo kuvulala kwa ubongo (TBI), yomwe inangowonjezera mavuto ambirimbiri.

   Mwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa nkhondo "opha mizimu" anali njala, kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi, kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, matenda (monga typhus ndi kamwazi), nsabwe, nthenda, ngalande, chisanu ndi zala zazala ndi zala. Ngati opulumuka omwe adazunzidwa abwerera kwawo limodzi, sangayamikire kuchitiridwa ngati ngwazi zankhondo patsiku lokumbukira zomwe adachita pomupatsa ulemu. Amadziwa - ngati anali achilungamo kwathunthu kwa iwo okha - kuti sanali ngwazi zenizeni, koma anali ozunzidwa ndi anthu odwala, onyenga, adyera, achikhalidwe omwe amalimbikitsa nkhondo ndikupha kenako kusiya opulumutsidwa onyengedwa, ovulala omwe adapanga izi kunyumba wamoyo. Njira zoyendetsera nkhondo iliyonse.

   Kuukira kwa mpweya wakupha kuchokera mbali zonse ziwiri, ngakhale kunayambika ndi Ajeremani apamwamba asayansi, kunayamba koyambirira kwa 1915, komanso nkhondo zankhondo zankhondo za Allied - zomwe zinali zochititsa manyazi kwa omwe amapanga ukadaulo watsopano waku Britain - sizingagwire ntchito mpaka Nkhondo ya Somme mu 1916.

   Chimodzi mwa zinthu zowopsya komanso zoopsa kwambiri kwa asilikali oyambirira anali kudzipha, osasokonezedwa, "pamwamba" machitidwe achiwawa omwe amatsutsana ndi otsutsa a mfuti. Zilonda zoterozo zinali zovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mabowo achigoba ndi mzere wa waya wophimbidwa kwambiri umene nthawi zambiri umakhala nawo abakha. Mabomba a mbali ziwiri zonsezi amachititsa kuti masauzande ambiri aphedwe tsiku limodzi.

   "Pamwamba pamwamba" ziwawa zankhondo zinapha asilikali masauzande zikwi mazana omvera otsika pansi kuti athe kupeza phindu. Atsogoleriwa analamulidwa ndi akuluakulu akuluakulu monga Sir John French ndipo m'malo mwake anali Sir General Douglas Haig. Ambiri mwa akuluakulu akale omwe adamenyana ndi nkhondo m'zaka zapitazi adakana kuvomereza kuti akavalo okwera pamahatchi omwe anali atayendetsedwa mumzinda wa No-Man's Land anali opanda chiyembekezo komanso odzipha.

   Omwe akukonzekera zoyesayesa zingapo zoyesayesa kuthetsa nkhondoyi mwachangu (kapena kuthana ndi zovuta) anali kunja kwa magulu ankhondo a adani. Omwe akukonzekera nkhondo abwerera ku Nyumba Yamalamulo kapena kubisala m'nyumba zawo, ndipo akazembe awo apamwamba adasankhidwa moyenera ku likulu lotentha komanso louma kutali ndi nkhondo yotentha, akudya bwino, kuvala machitidwe awo, kumwa tiyi wawo ndi claret - palibe a iwo ali pachiwopsezo chilichonse chakuvutika ndi zoopsa za nkhondo.

   Mfuu zambiri zimachokera kwa asilikali omwe anavulala omwe sankakhala pamtunda wa barbed kapena atasweka ndipo mwina ankafa mpaka kufa mu mabomba omwe anali pakati pa mabomba. Kawirikawiri imfa ya ovulalayo ikanatha masiku ambiri, ndipo zotsatira za asilikali omwe anali mumtsinje, omwe ankayenera kumvetsera kulira kosayembekezereka kwa chithandizo, nthawi zonse ankavutika maganizo. Panthawi imene Khirisimasi inafika ndipo nyengo yachisanu imadutsa, magulu a nkhondo kumbali zonse za No Man's Land anali atagwera pansi.

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   Choncho, pa December 24, 1914, asilikali omwe anali atatopa kwambiri adayamba kudya chakudya cha Khirisimasi, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi, mphatso zapakhomo, chakudya chapadera, zakumwa zapadera, chokoleti chokhazikika komanso chiyembekezo cha mtendere, ngakhale usiku umodzi.

   Ku mbali ya Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm wamkulu (komanso wonyenga) adatumiza mitengo 100,000 ya Khrisimasi yokhala ndi makandulo mamiliyoni ambiri kutsogolo, akuyembekeza kuti kuchita izi kungalimbikitse gulu lankhondo laku Germany. Kugwiritsa ntchito mizere yamtengo wapatali pazinthu zosafunikira munkhondo izi adanyozedwa ndi oyang'anira ambiri olimba mtima, ndipo palibe amene amaganiza kuti lingaliro la mtengo wa Khrisimasi wa Kaiser liziwombera - m'malo mwake likhala chothandizira pakuletsa kosakonzekera kosaloledwa komanso kosaloledwa, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi -maofesi komanso osamveka m'mbiri yankhondo. Chisinthiko chidawunikidwa m'mabuku azambiri zodziwika bwino mzaka zambiri zotsatira.

   Chida cha Khirisimasi cha 1914 chinali chochitika chodziwika, chosavomerezeka chomwe chinachitika m'malo ambiri m'madera onse a 600 mailosi a mitanda itatu yomwe inayendayenda ku Belgium ndi France, ndipo chinali chochitika chomwe sichidzachitikanso, chifukwa cha nkhondo- aphunzitsi, akatswiri a zamagulu ndi azinthu omwe amatha kuthamangitsira abambo m'nyuzipepala, ma pulezidenti ndi Congress omwe amalemekeza nkhondo zawo za "dziko lachikunja".

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   Zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zapitazo, filimuyo "Joyeux Noel" (French chifukwa cha "Khirisimasi yachisangalalo") inalandira mphoto yapamwamba ya Academy yopanga filimu yabwino ya kunja kwa 2005. Joyeux Noel ndi nkhani yosangalatsa yomwe idasinthidwa kuchokera ku nkhani zambiri zomwe zanenedwa m'malembo ochokera kwa asilikari omwe adagwira nawo ntchitoyi. Zinali zozizwitsa kuti choonadi cha chochitika chodabwitsa chinapulumuka chiwonongeko cholimba.

   Msilikali Wolimba Mtima wa Chijeremani Akuimba M'dziko la Man Man (Chithunzi chochokera kwa Joyeux Noel)

   Monga tauzidwa mu kanema, mu mdima wamdima, msilikali wina wa ku Germany anayamba kuimba nyimbo ya Khirisimasi yokondedwa "Stille Nacht". Posakhalitsa a British, French ndi Scots kumbali ina ya No Man's Land analowetsamo ndi "Silent Night" yawo. Nyimbo zina za Khirisimasi zinaimbidwa, nthawi zambiri ngati duets m'zinenero ziwiri. Posakhalitsa, mzimu wamtendere ndi "zokondweretsa anthu" udapambana pa mzimu wauchiwanda, ndipo magulu onse awiri anayamba kuzindikira umunthu wawo wamba. Chilengedwe chachibadwidwe chaumunthu kupha anthu ena chinadutsanso mpaka ku chidziwitso ndikugonjetsa mantha, kukonda kwambiri dziko ndi kusamba kwa ubongo komwe anthu onse adatsuka.

   Asilikali aŵiri onsewo molimba mtima adagwetsa zida zawo, adadza "pamwamba" mwamtendere kukakumana ndi adani awo akale. Kuti apite kumalo osalowerera ndale, amayenera kukwera pamtunda wodutsa pamtunda, kuyenda mozungulira maenje a zipolopolo ndi mitembo yowonongeka (yomwe pambuyo pake idzapatsidwa manda olemekezeka panthawi ya chingwe, ndi asilikali ochokera kumbali zonse zothandizana wina ndi mzake ntchito yoika malire anzawo).

   Manda a M'dziko la Munthu

   Otsutsa French, German ndi Scottish Lieutenants

   Mzimu wobwezera udakali m'malo mwa mzimu woyanjanitsa ndi chikhumbo cha mtendere weniweni. Anzanga atsopano anali ndi barsulo ya chokoleti, ndudu, vinyo, schnapps, masewera a mpira ndi zithunzi kuchokera kunyumba. Maadiresi anasinthana, zithunzi zinatengedwa ndipo msirikali aliyense yemwe anakumana ndi zochitika zowonongekazo anasinthidwa kosatha. Mwadzidzidzi kunakhala kovuta kupha anyamata omwe amayenera kuchitidwa monga adaphunzitsidwa ku Sande sukulu: "Chitani kwa ena monga momwe mukanafunira kuti iwo akuchitireni."

   Ndipo akuluakulu a ndale ndi apolisi kunyumba anadabwa ndi khalidwe losayembekezeka la Khristu la asilikali oyambirira.

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   Kuyanjana ndi mdani (komanso kukana kumvera malamulo mu nthawi ya nkhondo) ndikumaloledwa konse ndi akuluakulu a usilikali monga chinyengo ndi chilango chachikulu choyenera chilango chokhwima. Pa nkhondo zambiri m'mbiri yonse, "zolakwa" zoterozo nthawi zambiri zimagwiridwa ndi kukwapulidwa koopsa komanso nthawi zambiri kuwombera. Pa nkhani ya Khirisimasi ya 1914, akuluakulu olamulira ambiri ankawopa chigamulo ngati chilango chankhanza chimachitika, mmalo mwake, posafuna kulengeza chidwi cha anthu pazochitika zomwe zitha kugawidwa ndipo zikhoza kuletsa nkhondo, iwo analembera makalata kunyumba ndi kuyesa kunyalanyaza nkhaniyi.

   Olemba kalata analetsedwa kulongosola zochitikazo pamapepala awo. Akuluakulu ena oopseza adaopseza makhoti kuti azitha kukondana. Iwo amadziwa kuti kudziwana ndi kukhala bwenzi la mdani yemwe amati ndi woipa chifukwa cha mzimu wakupha.

   Panalinso zilango zomwe zinachitikira asilikali ena odzipereka kwambiri omwe anakana kuwombera mfuti zawo. Asilikali a ku France Katolika ndi a United Kingdom akhristu a Chipulotesitanti mwachiyero anayamba kukayikira zoyenera za nkhondo yosagwirizana ndi Khristu ndipo motero nthawi zambiri asilikaliwa ankapatsidwa ntchito zosiyana-ndizo zochepa.

   Asirikali achi German anali a Lutheran kapena Akatolika, ndipo chikumbumtima cha ambiri a iwo anali atatsitsimutsidwa ndi vutoli. Kukana kumvera malamulo awo oti aphe, ambiri a iwo anatumizidwa ku Eastern Front komwe kunali zovuta zambiri. Osiyana ndi anzawo a Western Front omwe adawonanso mzimu weniweni wa Khirisimasi, iwo analibe mwayi wokha kumenyana ndi kufa m'nkhondo zofanana zowonongeka polimbana ndi chipembedzo chawo cha Orthodox chachikhristu cha Russian Orthodox. Ochepa chabe a Allied kapena asilikali a Germany amene anapeza Chidwi cha Khirisimasi cha 1914 anapulumuka nkhondoyo.

   Ngati umunthu umakhudzidwadi ndi khalidwe lachigawenga la nkhondo, ndipo ngati mbendera yathu yonyenga yamakono-yomwe yakhazikitsa nkhondo za ufumu iyenera kuwonongedwa bwino, nkhani ya Khirisimasi ya 1914 iyenera kubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza - ndi kutengedwa pamtima.

   Chikhalidwe cha satana cha nkhondo chinadziwika kwa iwo amene adalandira Chisangalalo cha Khirisimasi ku 1914, koma anthu ochita nkhondo ndi oponderezedwa akhala akuyesera kuzilembapo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo. Kukonda kukonda ziphuphu ndi kufotokozera nkhani zokhudzana ndi chidziwitso cha ankhondo zakhala zogwira ntchito bwino kulemekeza zomwe ziri zopanda pake.

   Nkhondo zakale ndi zamakono zakhala zikulemekezedwa m'mabuku onse a mbiri yakale, koma ngati chitukuko chidzapulumuka, nkhondo iyenera kuwonekera ngati chiwanda. Chiwawa chimabweretsa chiwawa. Nkhondo zimapatsirana, zopanda phindu konse, ndipo sizitha konse; ndipo ndalama zawo zapamwamba nthawi zonse zimabweretsa mavuto osauka kwambiri kubwezera ndalama - kupatula mabanki ndi opanga zida.

   Nkhondo zamakono za ku America tsopano zikulimbidwa ndi ana aang'ono, otchedwa Young Call-People, omwe amawotcha anthu ambiri omwe ankakonda kwambiri adrenalin kupha anthu "oipa" pavidiyo. N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti iwo sadziwa kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi moyo wawo wauzimu komanso wosakhudzidwa ndi umoyo wawo, mwakuthupi ndi mwauzimu omwe amachokera kuchitetezo chokha.

   Kulimbana ndi nkhondo kungathe kupha anthu omwe amakhala nawo moyo wambiri chifukwa cha zilonda za nkhondo (PTSD, matenda a umunthu, kudzipha, kudzipha, kuwonongeka kwa chipembedzo, kuvulazidwa kwa ubongo, kusowa zakudya m'thupi kuchokera ku chakudya chamasewera, kusokonezeka kwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha nkhondo mapulogalamu opatsirana kwambiri opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a neurotoxic aluminium (makamaka anthrax series) ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo [kaya amtheradi kapena osagwirizana ndi malamulo]). Chimene chofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira ndi chakuti zotsatira zake zonse zakupha zili zotetezedwa kwathunthu.

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   Zikuwoneka kuti zingakhale zothandiza ngati utsogoleri wamakhalidwe ku America, makamaka atsogoleri a tchalitchi ndi makolo ake achikhristu, akwaniritse udindo wawo kuti azichenjeza ana ndi achinyamata mofulumira pa zotsatira zake zonse za kukhala mu kupha ntchito. Yesu, yemwe adalamulira otsatira ake kuti "akonde adani anu", angavomereze.

   Popanda chowonadi chotsutsana chomwe chikuuzidwa ndi utsogoleri wamtundu wamtundu, okonza nkhondo amakhala ndi nthawi yosavuta yoteteza asitikali kuzindikira anthu omwe akuwanamizira kuti ndi adani, kaya ndi aku Syria, Irani, Iraqi, Afghanis, Russia, Vietnamese, Chinese kapena aku North Korea. Ndakhala ndikuuzidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi anzanga omwe anali asirikali anzanga kuti atsogoleri azankhondo - omwe akuyenera kukhala osamalira miyoyo ya asirikali omwe ali "mmanja mwawo" - sanatchulepo, muulangizi wawo, Lamulo la Chikhalidwe, Yesu ' momveka bwino "kondani adani anu", ziphunzitso zake zambiri zamakhalidwe abwino mu Ulaliki wa pa Phiri kapena malamulo a m'Baibulo omwe amati "Usaphe" kapena "Usasirire mafuta a mnzako".

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   Chiphunzitso china cha zaumulungu chonena za nkhondo chinali chithunzi chabwino pafupi ndi mapeto a "Joyeux Noel" pachitetezo champhamvu chosonyeza kusagwirizana pakati pa mpingo wa Scottish wofanana ndi wa Khristu, wodzikonda, wokonda nkhondo, wodzichepetsa komanso bishopu wampingo wa Anglican wokhala ndi mwayi wapadera. Pamene mtsogoleri wodzichepetsayo anali wachifundo kupereka "mapemphero otsiriza" kwa msilikali wakufa, abishopu, yemwe adabwera kudzadzudzula mtsogoleri wa chipembedzo kuti adzalumikizana ndi adani pa nthawi ya Khirisimasi. Bishopuyo adamuthandiza kwambiri m'busa wamba wa ntchito yake yophunzitsa mapemphero chifukwa cha "khalidwe lake lachinyengo ndi lamanyazi" khalidwe la Khristu pa nkhondo.

   Bishopu woweruzayo anakana kumvetsera nkhani ya wopembedzayo ponena kuti anachita "chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa moyo wanga" (ndi magulu a adani omwe akuchita nawo chikondwerero) kapena kuti akufuna kuti akhale ndi asilikali omwe amamufuna chifukwa anali kutayika chikhulupiriro chawo mwa Mulungu. Bishopuyo adawatsutsa mokwiya pempho la wopembedza kuti apitirizebe ndi amuna ake.

   Misa ya Khirisimasi, France

   Bishopuyo ndiye adapereka nkhondo yowonongeka, ulaliki wa jingoist (umene unatengedwa mawu-kuchokera-mawu kuchokera ku homily amene anali ataperekedwa kwenikweni ndi bishopu wa Anglican pambuyo pa nkhondo). Ulalikiwu unauzidwa kwa asilikali atsopano omwe adayenera kubweretsamo kuti akalowe m'malo mwa asilikali ankhondo omwe adasokoneza kupha, ndipo anakana kuwotcha "mdani".

   Chithunzi cha kuyankha modabwitsa koma mochenjera kwa wopembedzera pomugwira ntchitoyo kuyenera kukhala kuyitanitsa kwa atsogoleri achipembedzo achikhristu - atsogoleri ndi atsogoleri - amtundu uliwonse wankhondo, womwe umadziwika kuti ndi "Chikhristu". Mtsogoleriyu, atamvera ulaliki wa bishopu, adangopachika mtanda wake ndikutuluka pakhomo lachipatala chakumunda.

   "Joyeux Noel" ndi filimu yofunika kwambiri yomwe imayenera kukhala yowona tsiku ndi tsiku. Zili ndi maphunziro okhwima kwambiri kuposa mwambo wa "Life Wonderful" kapena "Christmas Christmas".

   Chimodzi mwa maphunziro a nkhaniyi mwachidule mu vesi lomalizira la nyimbo yotchuka ya John McCutcheon yokhudza chochitikacho: "Khirisimasi mu Mabowo":

   "Dzina langa ndi Francis Tolliver, ku Liverpool.
   Khrisimasi iliyonse ibwera kuyambira Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse, ndaphunzira maphunziro ake bwino:
   Kuti iwo omwe amayimba akatemera sadzakhala pakati pa akufa ndi opunduka
   Ndipo tili kumapeto kwenikweni kwa mfutiyo. ”

   Onani vidiyo ya McCutcheon kuimba nyimbo yake pa: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJi41RWaTCs

   Zochitika zovuta kuchokera ku kanema ndi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPk9-AD7h3M

   Zowonjezera zojambula kuchokera ku kanema, ndi kulembedwa kwa kalata kuchokera kwa mmodzi wa asilikali omwe akuphatikizidwa akhoza kuwonetsedwa pa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehFjkS7UBUU

   Dr. Kohls ndi dokotala wa pantchito ku Duluth, MN, USA. Zaka khumi asanatengere ntchito, adachita zomwe zingatanthauzidwe kuti "zonsezi (osati mankhwala) ndi chisamaliro cha thanzi la matenda". Kuchokera pa ntchito yake yopuma pantchito, adalembapo mlungu uliwonse kwa Duluth Reader, magazini ina yatsopano. Mipukutu yake yambiri imayenderana ndi zoopsa za ku America, mabungwe a fascism, makampani, magulu a zachiwawa, tsankho, komanso kuopsa kwa Big Pharma, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito maganizo, kupititsa patsogolo ana ndi zochitika zina zomwe zimaopseza demokalase ya America, umoyo, thanzi komanso moyo wautali. tsogolo la dziko lapansi. Zambiri mwazitsulo zake zalembedwa http://duluthreader.com/articles/categories/200_Duty_to_Warn, http://www.globalresearch.ca/authors?query=Gary+Kohls+articles&by=&p=&page_id= kapena https://www.transcend.org/tms/search/?q=gary+kohls+articles

   anayankha

2. Wawa Gary;
   Ndinasangalala kwambiri ndi mbiri yanu yonena za "WW I Khrisimasi ya Khrisimasi ya 1914" komanso zomwe mumayimba nyimbo ya John McCutcheon yomwe ndimadziwa bwino. Ndi mkangano wanga Joe Henry / Garth Brooks adalemba (ndipo sindigwiritsa ntchito mawuwa mopepuka) malingaliro ndi mitu yochokera ku "Khrisimasi mu Mitsinje" munyimbo yawo ya Belleau Wood koma izi sizingatsimikizidwe konse. Ngati simukudziwa ndikupangira buku lomwe lidasindikizidwa mchaka cha 2001 ndi Stanley Weintraub lotchedwa "Silent Night" lomwe limayankha bwino nkhaniyi. Chidwi changa chimakhala chaumwini monga agogo anga aamuna ndi agogo awo aamuna anali mgulu laku Germany pambuyo pa nkhondo (1918). Zabwino zonse, Michael Kelischek Brasstown, NC

   anayankha