Gịnị kpatara South Africa ji emekọ ihe na Mpụga Agha Turkey?

Site n'aka Terry Crawford-Browne, November 5, 2020

Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ ihe na-erughị otu pasent nke azụmahịa ụwa, e mere atụmatụ na azụmahịa agha ga-abụ pasent 40 ruo 45 nke nrụrụ aka zuru ụwa ọnụ. Atụmatụ a pụrụ iche nke pasent 40 ruo 45 sitere na - n'ebe niile - Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) site na Ngalaba Azụmaahịa US.    

Nrụrụ aka nke ogwe aka na-aga n'elu - rue Prince Charles na Prince Andrew n’Ingland na Bill na Hillary Clinton mgbe ọ bụ onye ode akwụkwọ nke United States n’ọchịchị Obama. Ọ gụnyekwara, ewepu mmadụ ole na ole, onye ọ bụla nọ na US Congress n'agbanyeghị agbanyeghị ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị. Onye isi ala Dwight Eisenhower na 1961 dọrọ aka na ntị banyere nsonaazụ nke ihe ọ kpọrọ "ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha-na-ụlọ ọrụ-na-ọgbakọ omebe iwu."

N'okpuru nkwupụta nke "ịchekwa America," a na-emefu ọtụtụ narị ijeri dollar na ngwá agha na-abaghị uru. Na US enwekwaghị agha ọ bụla ọ lụrụ kemgbe Agha Worldwa nke Abụọ adịghị mkpa ọ bụrụhaala na ego ahụ na-aga Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, Boeing na ọtụtụ puku ndị ọrụ nkwekọrịta ndị ọzọ, tinyere ụlọ akụ na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ. 

Kemgbe agha Yom Kippur na 1973, a na-ere mmanụ OPEC na dollar US naanị. Ihe nke a pụtara na ụwa niile dị ukwuu. Ọbụghị naanị na ụwa ndị ọzọ na-akwado agha US na usoro akụ na ụba, kamakwa otu puku ntọala ndị agha US gburugburu ụwa - ebumnuche ha bụ iji hụ na US nwere naanị pasent anọ nke ndị ụwa nwere ike ịkwado ọchịchị ndị agha US na ego. . Nke a bụ 21st narị afọ nke mgbanwe nke apartheid.

United States mefuru ijeri US $ 5.8 naanị na ngwa agha nuklia site na 1940 ruo na njedebe nke Agha Nzuzo na 1990 ma ugbu a na-atụ aro iji ego US $ 1.2 ọzọ iji mee ka ha dị ọhụrụ.  Donald Trump kwuru na 2016 na ya "ga-agbapụ apiti" na Washington. Kama nke ahụ, n'oge nche ya nke onye isi ala, apịtị ahụ abụrụla nke ọma, dị ka ihe atụ nke aka ya na ndị ọrụ Saudi Arabia, Israel na UAE gosipụtara.

A tụrụ Julian Assange ugbu a n'ụlọ mkpọrọ nwere oke nchekwa na England. Ọ na-eche mbugharị nye US na mkpọrọ maka afọ 175 maka ikpughe mpụ US na Britain na Iraq, Afghanistan na mba ndị ọzọ mgbe 9/11 gasịrị. Ọ bụ ihe atụ nke ihe ize ndụ nke ikpughe nrụrụ aka nke azụmahịa agha.   

N'okpuru mkpuchi nke "nchekwa mba," ndị 20th narị afọ gara aga ghọrọ ọbara na-enweghị ọbara na akụkọ ihe mere eme. A gwara anyị na ihe a kọwara nke ọma dị ka "nchekwa" bụ naanị mkpuchi. N'ezie, azụmahịa nke enweghị njikwa. 

Worldwa ugbu a na-etinye ihe ruru ijeri dolla $ 2 kwa afọ na njikere agha. Nrụrụ aka na mmebi iwu ụmụ mmadụ na-ejikọkarị. N'ime ụwa a na-akpọ "ụwa nke atọ," enwere nde mmadụ 70 gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ tinyere ụmụaka ndị furu efu. Ọ bụrụ na akpọrọ "ụwa mbụ" achọghị ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ, ọ kwesịrị ịkwụsị ịmalite agha na Asia, Africa na Latin America. Azịza ya dị mfe.

Ole na ole n'ime ijeri US $ 2, ụwa nwere ike kwụọ ụgwọ mmezi nke mgbanwe ihu igwe, mbelata ịda ogbenye, agụmakwụkwọ, ahụike, ume ọhụrụ na nsogbu "nchekwa mmadụ" metụtara ọsọ ọsọ. Ekwenyere m na ịbugharị agha a na-etinye na ebumnuche na-arụpụta kwesịrị ịbụ ihe kachasị mkpa nke oge post-Covid.

Otu narị afọ gara aga na ntiwapụ nke Agha Firstwa Mbụ na 1914, Winston Churchill butere mbibi nke Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman, nke jikọrọ Germany na mgbe ahụ. Achọpụtala mmanụ na Persia (Iran) na 1908 nke gọọmentị Britain kpebisiri ike ịchịkwa. Ndi Britain kpebisiri ike igbochi Germany ka ha ghara inwe ikike na Mesopotamia (Iraq) gbara agbata obi, ebe achoputara mmanu mana ha erigbubeghi.

Mkparịta ụka udo nke agha a na-esote agha Versailles tinyere nkwekọrịta nke 1920 nke Sevres n'etiti Britain, France na Turkey gụnyere ịnabata ihe ndị Kurda chọrọ maka obodo nweere onwe ya. Maapụ setịpụrụ oke ala nke Kurdistan ka ọ gụnye mpaghara ndị Kurd bi na Anatolia na ọwụwa anyanwụ Turkey, nke ugwu Syria na Mesopotamia tinyere mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke Persia.

Naanị afọ atọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Britain hapụrụ nkwa ndị ahụ na mkpebi nke ndị Kurdish. Ebumnuche ya na mkparịta ụka nke Nkwekọrịta Lausanne bụ ịgụnye post-Ottoman Turkey dị ka ihe nchebe megide Soviet Union. 

Isi okwu a bụ na gụnyere ndị Kurds na Iraq e mepụtara ọhụrụ ga-enye aka mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Shias ghara ịchịkwa. Mkparịta ụka Britain iji wepu mmanụ nke Middle East weghaara ọchịchọ Kurdish anya. Dị ka ndị Palestaịn, ndị Kurds ghọrọ ndị isi bekee na mmụọ ihu abụọ nke ndị Britain.

Ka ọ na-erule etiti afọ 1930, azụmahịa azụmahịa na-akwado maka Agha Worldwa nke Abụọ. E guzobere Rheinmetall na 1889 iji rụpụta mgboagha maka alaeze German, ma gbasaa nke ukwuu n'oge ọchịchị Nazi mgbe a manyere ọtụtụ puku ndị ohu ndị Juu ịrụ ọrụ wee nwụọ na ụlọ ọrụ mgbagha Rheinmetall na Germany na Poland.  N'agbanyeghị akụkọ ihe mere eme ahụ, enyere Rheinmetall aka ịmaliteghachi nrụpụta ngwa agha ya na 1956.  

Turkey abụrụla onye òtù NATO dị na mbara igwe. Churchill nwere mgbaghara mgbe ndị omeiwu onye kwuo uche ya nke Iran kpebiri ịtụ mba mmanụ Iran mba. Site n'enyemaka nke CIA, ewepụtara Mịnịsta Ala Mohammad Mossadegh na 1953. Iran ghọrọ onye mbụ CIA n'ime atụmatụ ikpe 80 nke "mgbanwe ọchịchị," Shah wee bụrụ onye ntụnyere America na Middle East.  Nsonaazụ ahụ ka dịkwa.  

Nationstù Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe nke Mba Ndị Dị n’Otu na 1977 kpebisiri ike na apartheid na South Africa bụ ihe iyi egwu maka udo na nchekwa mba ụwa, ma tinye mmachibido iwu nke iwu. Na nzaghachi, gọọmentị apartheid ji ọtụtụ narị nde ijeri rand na mmebi iwu.  

Israel, Britain, France, US na mba ndị ọzọ dara iwu a. Ego niile etinyere na ngwa agha na agha na Angola enweghị ike ịgbachitere apartheid mana, n'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya, mere ngwa ngwa daa site na mkpọsa mmachi nke mba ụwa. 

Site na nkwado nke CIA, International Signal Corporation nyere South Africa teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ. Israel nyere teknụzụ maka ngwa agha nuklia na drones. Na mmebi iwu abụọ nke mbupụ ngwa agha German na mgbochi UN, Rheinmetall na 1979 zipuru otu ngwa agha na Boskop n'èzí Potchefstroom. 

Mgbanwe Ọchịchị Iran na 1979 kwaturu ọchịchị ọchịchị Shah. Ihe karịrị afọ iri anọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị gọọmentị US ndị sochirinụ ka na-ekwujọ banyere Iran, ma ha ka bu n'obi na "mgbanwe ọchịchị." Ọchịchị Reagan kpalitere agha afọ asatọ n'etiti Iraq na Iran n'oge 40s iji gbalịa gbanwee mgbanwe ndị Iran. 

Ndi United States gbakwara otutu obodo ume - tinyere South Africa na Germany - ka ha nye Saddam Hussein nke Iraq otutu ngwa agha. Maka ebumnuche a, Ferrostaal ghọrọ onye nhazi nke ndị agha German gụnyere Salzgitter, MAN, Mercedes Benz, Siemens, Thyssens, Rheinmetall na ndị ọzọ iji rụpụta ihe niile dị na Iraq site na fatịlaịza ugbo na mmanụ rọketi, na ngwa agha kemịkal.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ Rheinmetall dị na Boskop nọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ehihie n'ehihie na-ewepu ngwa agha maka South Africa na-emepụta ma na-ebupụkwa ngwá agha G5. Onye Canada, Gerald Bull mere atụmatụ Armscor's G5 site na mbụ iji wepụta ma ọ bụ agha agha nuklia ma ọ bụ, nke ọzọ, ngwa agha kemịkal. 

Tupu mgbanwe a, Iran ewepụtala pasenti 90 nke mmanụ mmanụ South Africa mana ewepụsịrị ihe ndị a na 1979. Iraq jiri mmanụ dị ezigbo mkpa kwụọ ụgwọ maka ngwa agha ndị South Africa. Azụmahịa a-maka mmanụ n'etiti South Africa na Iraq ruru ijeri US $ 4.5.

Site n'enyemaka ndị mba ọzọ (gụnyere South Africa), Iraq site na 1987 guzobere usoro mmemme nke ngwa agha ya ma nwee ike ịmalite agha nwere ike iru Tehran. Ndị Iraqis ji ngwa agha kemịkalụ megide ndị Iran kemgbe 1983, mana na 1988 wepụtara ha megide ndị Kurdish-Iraqis bụ ndị Saddam boro ebubo na ha na ndị Iran rụkọtara ọrụ. Timmerman dekọtara:

“Na March 1988, a na-anụ ụda mkpọtụ ugwu ndị jupụtara na nkume ndị gbara gburugburu obodo ndị Kurdish nke Halabja. Otu ìgwè ndị odeakụkọ gara na ụzọ Halabja. Na n'okporo ámá nke Halabja, nke na-agụkarị ndị bi na 70 000, na ozu nke ụmụ amaala nkịtị jidere ka ha gbalịrị ịgbanahụ ihe otiti dị egwu.

Ha nwere gas hydrogen ndị Iraqis mepụtara site n'enyemaka nke ụlọ ọrụ German. Agentlọ ọrụ ọhụụ ọhụrụ ahụ, nke emere na ọrụ gas gas, yiri gas na-egbu egbu nke ndị Nazi jiri kpochapụ ndị Juu ihe karịrị afọ 40 tupu mgbe ahụ. ”

Nzaghachi zuru ụwa ọnụ, gụnyere na US Congress, nyere aka mee ka agha ahụ kwụsị. Onye ntaakụkọ Washington Post, Patrick Tyler bụ onye gara Halabja mgbe mwakpo ahụ mere atụmatụ na puku mmadụ ise ndị Kurdish alawo n'iyi. Tyler kwuru:

Mmechi nke afọ asatọ asọmpi enweghị udo nke Middle East. Iran, dị ka Germany meriri na Versailles, nọ na-azụ oke mkpesa megide Saddam, ndị Arab, Ronald Reagan, na West. Iraq kwụsịrị agha ahụ dị ka mba nwere ikike buru ibu nke nwere ezé nwere oke ọchịchọ. ” 

E mere atụmatụ na ndị Kurdaịa 182 000 nwụrụ n’oge ọchịchị Saddam nke ụjọ. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, mpaghara ndị Kurd nke dị na mgbago Iraq ghọrọ ndị kwụụrụ onwe ha mana ha anaghị enwere onwe ha. Ndị Kurds dị na Iraq na Syria mechara bụrụ ndị ISIS ga-atụkwasị anya nke bụ, n'ụzọ bụ isi, nwere ngwa agha US zuru ezu.  Kama ndị agha Iraq na US, ọ bụ Kurdish peshmerga nke mechara merie ISIS.

N'iburu akụkọ ihere nke Rheinmetall n'oge ọchịchị Nazi, na-emebi iwu mgbochi UN na ntinye aka ya na Saddam Iraq, ọ ga-abụ ihe a na-apụghị ịkọwa akọwa na gọọmentị South Africa na post-apartheid na 2008 kwere ka Rheinmetall were 51 pasent na-achịkwa ịkekọrịta na Denel Munitions, nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Rheinmetall Denel Munition (RDM).

RDM dị n'isi ụlọ ọrụ Armscor nke mbụ nke Somchem na Macassar nke Somerset West, osisi atọ ya ndị ọzọ dị na Boskop, Boksburg na Wellington. Dị ka Rheinmetall Defense - Markets and Strategy, akwụkwọ 2016 na-ekpughe, Rheinmetall jiri ụma chọta mmepụta ya na mpụga Germany iji zere iwu mbupụ ngwá agha German.

Kama ịnye South Africa chọrọ "nchekwa" ya, ihe ruru pasent 85 nke mmepụta RDM bụ maka mbupụ. Mkpebi nke Zondo Commission nke nyocha mere gosipụtara na Denel bụ otu n'ime ndị isi ebumnuche nke Gupta Brothers "njide obodo". 

Na mgbakwunye na mbupụ nke mgboagha, atụmatụ RDM ma wụnye ụlọ ọrụ mgboagha na mba ndị ọzọ, ọkachasị gụnyere Saudi Arabia na Egypt, ndị ama ama maka arụrụala ụmụ mmadụ. Defenceweb na 2016 kọrọ:

“Saudi Arabia si Military Industries Corporation emeghewo ụlọ agha mgbochi nke e wuru na njikọta na Rheinmetall Denel Munition na emume nke Onye isi ala Jacob Zuma gara.

Zuma gara Saudi Arabia maka njem otu ụbọchị na 27 Machị, dị ka ụlọ ọrụ Saudi Press Agency si kwuo, bụ nke kwuru na ya meghere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na onye isi oche okpueze Mohammed bin Salman.

Facilitylọ ọrụ ọhụrụ dị na al-Kharj (77 kms ndịda nke Riyadh) nwere ike ịmepụta 60, 81 na 120 mm ngwa agha, 105 na 155mm ogbunigwe ogbunigwe na bọmbụ ụgbọ elu na-eri site na 500 ruo 2000 pound. A na-atụ anya ka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwee ike ịmepụta shells 300 ma ọ bụ nkwupụta ụrọ 600 kwa ụbọchị.

Thelọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru Aralọ Ọrụ Mmepe Saudi Arabia ma e wuru ya site na enyemaka nke Rheinmetall Denel Munition nke South Africa, bụ nke a kwụrụ ihe ruru US $ 240 nde maka ọrụ ya.

Na-eso usoro agha ndị agha Saudi na UAE na 2015, Yemen enwee nsogbu ọdachi ụwa kacha njọ. Nkwupụta nke Human Rights Watch na 2018 na 2019 rụrụ ụka na n'ihe gbasara iwu mba ụwa nke na-aga n'ihu na-enye Saudi Arabia ngwa agha bụ ihe jikọrọ mpụ mpụ.

Ngalaba 15 nke National Control Arms Control Act na-ekwupụta na South Africa agaghị ebubata ngwa agha na mba ndị na-emebi ikike mmadụ, mpaghara ndị esemokwu, yana mba ndị edobere iwu mba ụwa. Na-eme ihere, etinyeghị iwu ndị ahụ. 

Saudi Arabia na UAE bụ ndị ahịa kachasị nke RDM ruo mgbe iwe ụwa zuru oke maka ogbugbu nke onye nta akụkọ Saudi Jamal Khashoggi na Ọktoba 2019 mechara mee ka NCACC "kwụsịtụ" mbupụ ndị ahụ. O yiri ka amaghi mmekorita ya na nmebi iwu agha Saudi / UAE na Yemen na nsogbu ndi mmadu na-acho ebe ahu, RDM n’enweghi mkpesa banyere oru ndi furu na South Africa.  

N'ikwekọ na mmepe ahụ, gọọmentị German machibidoro mbupụ ngwá agha na Turkey. Turkey na etinye aka na agha na Syria na Libya kamakwa mmebi iwu ndi mmadu nke ndi Kurdish nke Turkey, Syria, Iraq na Iran. Imebi UN Charter na ngwa ndị ọzọ nke iwu mba ụwa, Turkey na 2018 wakporo Afrin na mpaghara Kurdish nke ugwu Syria. 

Karịsịa, ndị German nwere nchegbu na a pụrụ iji ngwá agha German mee ihe megide obodo ndị Kurdish na Syria. N'agbanyeghị oke iwe mba ụwa nke gụnyere US Congress, Onye isi ala Trump na Ọktọba 2019 nyere Turkey ohere ịga biri ebe ugwu Syria. N'ebe ọ bụla ha bi, gọọmentị Turkey dị ugbu a na-ahụta Kurds niile dị ka "ndị na-eyi ọha egwu." 

Obodo Kurdish dị na Turkey nwere ihe dịka 20 pasent nke ndị bi na ya. Site na ihe ruru nde mmadụ 15, ọ bụ agbụrụ kacha ibu na mba ahụ. Agbanyeghị asụsụ Kurdish ka egbusiri, ewegharala ihe onwunwe ndị Kurdish. Ọtụtụ puku ndị Kurds na-akọ na afọ ndị gara aga na egburu ha na esemokwu ha na ndị agha Turkey. Onye isi ala Erdogan dị ka o nwere ọchịchọ iji kwuo onwe ya dị ka onye ndu nke Middle East na gafere.

Ndị m kpọtụrụ na Macassar gwara m na Eprel 2020 na RDM nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nkwekọrịta mbupụ maka Turkey. Iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka nkwụsịtụ nke mbupụ na Saudi Arabia na UAE kamakwa na-asọpụrụ mmachi nke Germany, RDM na-ebuga Turkey site na South Africa agha.

Nyere ọrụ dịịrị NCACC, akpọrọ m Minista Jackson Mthembu, Mịnịsta na ndị isi ala, na Mịnịsta Naledi Pandor, Mịnịsta nke Mmekọrịta Mba na Mkpakọrịta. Mthembu na Pandor bu ndi isi oche na osote onye isi oche nke ndi NCACC. Agbanyeghị mkpọchi ụgbọelu Covid-19, ụgbọ elu isii nke ụgbọ elu Turkish A400M na-ebu ụgbọ mmiri rutere na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Cape Town n'etiti Eprel 30 na May 4 iji bulie mwakpo RDM. 

Naanị ụbọchị ole na ole gasịrị, Turkey malitere iwe iwe na Libya. Turkey nọkwa na-akwado Azerbaijan, bụ nke sonyeere agha na Armenia ugbu a. Edemede ndị e bipụtara na Daily Maverick na akwụkwọ akụkọ Independent kpaliri ajụjụ na nzuko omeiwu, ebe Mthembu buru ụzọ kwupụta na ya:

“Amaghị nsogbu ọ bụla metụtara Turkey ka ebulitere na NCACC, n'ihi ya, ha gara n'ihu na-agba mbọ ịkwado ogwe aka nke iwu gọọmentị ọ bụla nyere iwu. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụrụ na akọwara ngwa ọgụ ndị dị na South Africa n'ụzọ ọ bụla ị ga-anọ na Syria ma ọ bụ Libya, ọ ga-abụ ihe kacha mma mba ahụ ịchọpụta ma chọpụta otu ha siri bata ebe ahụ, na onye tinyegoro ma ọ bụ duhie NCACC. "

Aysbọchị ka nke a gasịrị, Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka nchekwa na ndị agha ndị agha ochie, Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula kwupụtara na NCACC nke Mthembu bụ onye isi ya kwadoro ka ire ya na Turkey, yana:

“Enweghị iwu na-egbochi ahia na Turkey na usoro nke omume anyị. N'ihe banyere ndokwa nke omume ahụ, enwere nlezianya nyocha na nlebara anya mgbe niile tupu inye nkwado. Maka ugbu a ọ dịghị ihe na-egbochi anyị ịzụ ahịa na Turkey. Enweghị ọbụna mgbochi n'ụgbọ agha. ”

Nkọwa nke onye nnọchi anya gọọmentị Turkey na a ga-eji ngwa agha ahụ naanị maka ọzụzụ ọzụzụ enweghị isi. O doro anya na a na-enyo enyo na mgbochi RDM na Libya n'oge mwakpo Turkey megide Haftar, ma eleghị anya kwa megide ndị Kurda Syria. Kemgbe ahụ, ajuola m ugboro ugboro maka nkọwa, mana ịgbachi nkịtị site na ụlọ ọrụ Onye isi ala na DIRCO. N'iburu nrụrụ aka nke njikọtara aka na azụmaahịa South Africa na azụmaahịa aka n'ozuzu ya, ajụjụ doro anya ka dị: kedu ụgwọ iriọ ụgwọ onye na onye inye ikike ụgbọ elu ndị a? Ka ọ dị ugbu a, enwere asịrị n'etiti ndị ọrụ RDM na Rheinmetall na-eme atụmatụ imechi n'ihi na a na-egbochi ya ugbu a ịbuga na Middle East.  

Site na Germany machibidoro ire ahịa na Turkey, German Bundestag yana UN na-eme ndokwa maka ọha na eze na-esote afọ iji nyochaa otu ụlọ ọrụ German dịka Rheinmetall si kpachara anya mebie iwu mbupụ ngwá agha German site na ịchọta ngwaahịa na mba ndị dị ka South Africa ebe iwu nke iwu adighi ike.

Mgbe UN Secretary General António Guterres na Machị 2020 kpọrọ oku ka Covid kwụsị, South Africa bụ otu n'ime ndị nkwado ya mbụ. Sixgbọ elu Turkish A400M isii ahụ n'ọnwa Eprel na Mee nwere ike ime ka ihu abụọ na-egosi na ihu abụọ dị n'etiti nkwekọrịta na mmekọrịta iwu na nke South Africa na eziokwu.  

Na-egosiputa mmegiderịta ndị dị otu a, Ebrahim Ebrahim, onye bụbu osote Mịnịsta nke DIRCO, na ngwụcha izu a gara aga wepụtara vidiyo na-akpọ oku ka ahapụ onye isi ndị Kurdish Abdullah Ocalan ozugbo, onye a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka "Mandela nke Middle East."

O doro anya na President Nelson Mandela nyere Ocalan mgbapu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na South Africa. Mgbe Kenya na-aga South Africa, ndị ọrụ Turkish jidere Ocalan na 1999 site na enyemaka nke CIA na Israel Mossad, ma ugbu a na nga maka ndụ na Turkey. Anyị enwere ike iche na Onye Mịnịsta na ndị isi n’ike nyere Ebrahim ohere ịhapụ vidiyo ahụ?

Izu abụọ gara aga na ncheta nke 75th ụbọchị ncheta nke UN, Guterres kwughachiri:

“Ka anyị bịakọta ọnụ ma ghọta echiche anyị nwere maka ụwa ka mma nke nwere udo na ugwu maka mmadụ niile. Ugbu a bụ oge maka ịkwalite udo maka udo iji nweta nkwekọrịta zuru ụwa ọnụ. Saa na na ɛte. 

Ugbu a bụ oge maka mkpokọta ọhụrụ maka udo na idozi. Yabụ, m na-arịọ maka mgbali mba ụwa - nke ndị otu nchekwa na - eduzi - iji nweta nkwụsị mba ụwa tupu njedebe nke afọ.

Needswa chọrọ nkwekọrịta mba ụwa iji kwụsị esemokwu "ọkụ" niile. N'otu oge ahụ, anyị ga-emerịrị ihe niile iji zere Ọchịchị Nzuzo ọhụrụ. ”

South Africa ga-abụ onye isi oche na UN Security Council maka ọnwa nke ọnwa Disemba. Ọ na-enye ohere pụrụiche maka South Africa na Co-post oge iji kwado ọhụụ nke Secretary General, yana iji dozie ọdịda amụma mba ofesi gara aga. Nrụrụ aka, agha na nsonaazụ ha ugbu a bụ na ụwa anyị nwere nanị afọ iri iji gbanwee ọdịnihu nke mmadụ. Agha bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ka okpomoku zuru ụwa ọnụ.

Achịbishọp Tutu na ndị bishọp nke Anglịkan Church laa azụ na 1994 kpọrọ ka a machibido iwu zuru oke na mbupụ ngwa agha, yana maka ntụgharị nke ụlọ ọrụ ngwa agha nke apartheid nke South Africa na ebumnuche mmekọrịta ọha na eze. N'agbanyeghị iri puku kwuru ijeri rand wụsara ala mmiri ahụ n'ime afọ 26 gara aga, Denel enweghị ike ịkwụsị ma ọ ga-agba mmiri ozugbo. Na ntinye, ntinye aka na world beyond war dị mkpa ugbu a. 

Terry Crawford-Browne bụ World BEYOND War's Onye nlekọta mba maka South Africa