Site na David Swanson, February 28, 2019
Charlottesville, Virginia, ka na-ewepu ihe oyiyi ya (ndị niile ahụ na-agbanye ma ọ bụ nke ọ bụla ọzọ). Charlottesville ka machibidoro egbe site na ihe omume ọha na eze. Ọ na-agwa ndị omeiwu ahụ na ọtụtụ isiokwu ndị ọzọ okwu. Ma City nke Charlottesville nwere ụtụ ego anyị na-etinye na ngwá agha, ma ọ ga-enwe ike ịgbanwe nke ahụ.
N'okwu a, ihe ngọpụ nwere ike isi ike. Charlottesville abanyela na Sudan na site na South Africa n'oge gara aga.
Obodo agafewo iwu na agha ndị na-emegiderịta onwe ha n'oge gara aga ma na-agba ndị Congress ume ịkpata ego site n'aka militarism maka ụmụ mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ma Obodo ahụ nwere ego anyị tinyere na ụlọ ọrụ ngwá agha bụ ndị eji ngwá agha na-ebibi agha ndị na-ebibi ihe na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ahụ a na-ahụ anya anaghị ele "ọcha" - na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'akụkụ abụọ nke agha ndị ahụ.
Obodo ahụ na-etinyekwa ego anyị na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ụgbọala - kpọmkwem ndị ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nchekwa na mba nchekwa bụ John Bolton na-ekwu na ọ ga-erite uru site n'ịkwatu ọchịchị nke Venezuela.
Obodo ahụ nwere ikike zuru oke ịmepụta iwu nke ịghara itinye ego na ụlọ ọrụ ngwá agha - iwu nke ga-ekpuchi ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla na-emepụta égbè ndị a kpọpụtara na August 2017. O zuru oke nke na - esi na ya na - esi na ya.
Obodo ndị ọzọ na-agafe ihe ndị ahụ. Congress Congress nwere iwu maka ịnakwere arịrịọ site n'aka ndị ọchịchị obodo na nke obodo. Otu nwoke aha ya bụ Thomas Jefferson, bụ obodo Charlottesville dị na ya dere iwu ndị a. Ọ dị nnọọ mma na Council Council anyị ga-anọchite anya anyị na ọkwa dị elu na nke na-anọchiteghị anya nke gọọmentị ma ọ bụ iji mee ihe na mba ma ọ bụ nke ụwa dum. Ma nke a bụ nsogbu obodo. Nsogbu ihu igwe na-eme ebe a na Charlottesville dịka ebe niile. Ogba egbe na-eme ebe a. Mmetụta nke omenala agha na-eme ebe a. Nke a bụ ego anyị na-ekwu banyere ya.
Ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụlọ ọrụ abụọ Charlottesville nwere ego etinye na ha bụ nnukwu ndị ahịa nke Saudi Arabia na agha ya na Yemen, ọdachi kachasị njọ nke mmadụ na-ahụ ọtụtụ afọ. Nke a abughi ihe ndị Charlottesville ga-ahọrọ maka ya, ma a gwaghị anyị. Ya mere, anyị na-ewepụta echiche anyị.
Charlottesville kwesịrị ịtọ ihe atụ maka obodo ndị ọzọ ịgbaso. Nke a bụ ụwa anyị. Nke a bụ TV mpaghara mkpuchi nke mgbalị anyị na-eme ka ịrịọ obodo ahụ ka ọ kwụsị. Anyị na-eme atụmatụ iweta okwu ahụ na City Council na March 4th. Mmadụ atọ na-aga maka Council Council n'afọ a, ọtụtụ òtù kwadoro. Ndepụta nke endorsers bụ na DivestCville.org dị ka mkpebi nlele a:
Ọ BỤRỤ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha US na-enye ngwá agha ndị na-egbu egbu n'ọtụtụ ọchịchị aka ike n'ụwa nile [1], ụlọ ọrụ Charlottesville ugbu a nwere ego ọha na eze tinyere Boeing na Honeywell, ndị bụ isi na-akpata ndị agha Yemen;
Ọ BỤ ezie na gọọmenti etiti gọọmenti ugbu a akpọwo mgbanwe ihu igwe na otu onye, kpaliri iwepụ US site na ụwa zuru ụwa ọnụ kwekọrịtara, gbalịrị igbochi sayensị ihu igwe, ma rụọ ọrụ iji mee ka mmepụta na iji okpomoku-na-eme ka ndị na-ere ọkụ na-emepụta ihe, nke na-akpata ịda mbà na obodo, ógbè, na steeti gọọmentị na-ewere nduzi ihu igwe maka ọdịmma nke ụmụ amaala na ahụike nke mpaghara na mpaghara mpaghara;
Ọ BỤRỤ na, militarism bụ onye bụ isi na-enye aka na mgbanwe mgbanwe ihu igwe [2], obodo nke Charlottesville agbakwara ndị nnọchiteanya United States ume itinye ego na mpempe akwụkwọ agha na ihe ndị ọzọ na-echebe mmadụ na mkpa gburugburu ebe obibi [3];
Ọ BỤ ezie, obodo nke Charlottesville n'onwe ya investments kwesịrị ịṅomi mgbanwe ọ gbara na Congress;
Ọ BỤRỤ, ịga n'ihu na mgbanwe nke ihu igwe ugbu a ga-eme ka 4.5ºF kwalite elu ụwa zuru ụwa ọnụ site na 2050, na-efu ego akụ na ụba $ 32 dolphin [4];
Ọ BỤ ezie, afọ ise nke okpomọkụ na Virginia malitere mmụba dị ịrịba ama na nke na-aga n'ihu na 1970s mmalite, na-esite na 54.6 degrees Fahrenheit wee gaa 56.2 degrees F na 2012, mpaghara Piedmont ahụwokwa ịrị elu okpomọkụ na ọnụego 0.53 F kwa afọ, na ọnụego Virginia ga-ekpo ọkụ dika South Carolina site na 2050 na dịka North Florida site na 2100 [5];
Ọ BỤRỤ, ndị ọkà mmụta akụ na ụba na Mahadum Massachusetts na Amherst edepụtawo na mmefu ndị agha bụ ego akụ na ụba karịa usoro ọrụ-ihe omume, na itinye ego na mpaghara ndị ọzọ bụ ihe bara uru n'ụzọ akụ na ụba [6];
Ọ BỤRỤ na ịgụ akwụkwọ satellite na-egosi tebụl mmiri na-atụba n'ụwa nile, ihe karịrị otu n'ime obodo ato na United States nwere ike ịnweta oke "oke" ma ọ bụ "oke" nke ụkọ mmiri n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe site n'agbata narị afọ 21st, ebe asaa na iri nke ihe karịrị ndị bi na 3,100 nwere ike ihu "ụkọ" nke ụkọ mmiri ọhụrụ [7];
Ọ BỤRỤ na a na-alụkarị agha ọgụ na ngwá agha ndị US ji ngwá ọrụ na-eme ihe na ya [8];
OTU ezie, ebili mmiri na-eme ka ndị ọzọ nwụọ na United States karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ ihu igwe (oké ifufe, idei mmiri, égbè, blizzards, tornados, wdg) jikọtara ọnụ na karịa ọnwụ nile sitere na iyi ọha egwu, na ndị 150 nọ na United States ga-anwụ site n'oge okpomọkụ n'oge 2040, ya na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 30,000 ọnwụ na-egbu kwa afọ [9];
Ọ BỤRỤ, gọọmentị mpaghara na-etinye ego na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-ebu ngwá agha na-akwado nkwado gọọmentị etiti na-emefu na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ahụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha dabere na gọọmenti etiti dịka onye ahịa ha mbụ;
Ọ BỤRỤ, n'etiti 1948 na 2006 "ihe oke mmiri ozuzo" mụbara 25% na Virginia, na-enwe mmetụta dị njọ na ọrụ ugbo, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-anọgide na-aga n'ihu [10], na ebili mmiri dị elu ga-ebili elu ma ọ dịkarịa ala abụọ ụkwụ site na njedebe nke narị afọ, na-ebute n'ụsọ oké osimiri Virginia n'etiti ndị kasị ọsọ n'ụwa (11);
Ọ BỤRỤ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha bụ Charlottesville nwere ike ịgba mbọ ka ha ghara itinye aka na ngwá agha ndị a wetara Charlottesville na August 2017;
Ọ BỤRỤ na, 45% site na 2030 na zero site na 2050 ka 2.7% ga - ejigide na 1.5 ºF (12 ºC) ihe mgbaru ọsọ ebumnuche na Paris Accord [XNUMX];
Ọ BỤ ezie, mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ ihe ize ndụ dị ukwuu maka ahụike, nchebe na ọdịmma nke ndị Charlottesville, na American Academy of Pediatrics adọwo aka ná ntị na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-etinye ndụ na ahụ ike na nchekwa mmadụ aka, na ụmụaka enweghi nsogbu, na-akpọkwa ọdịda iji "ngwa ngwa, ihe dị egwu" omume nke ikpe na-ezighị ezi nye ụmụaka niile "[13];
Ọ BỤRỤ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịgba égbè ndị dị na United States bụ ebe kasị elu n'ụwa nile mepere emepe, dị ka ndị na-emepụta ndị agha nkịtị na-anọgide na-aghọrọ nnukwu uru nke ịwụfu ọbara na anyị ekwesịghị itinye ego anyị n'aka ọha na eze na;
Ọ BỤRỤ, omume obodo a na-etinye na City nwere ike imegide ntinye obodo ahụ maka itinye ọnụ na ikpe ziri ezi;
NA EBE, ọtụtụ narị mmadụ arịọla obodo ahụ ka ha mee ihe omume [14] a;
UGBU A, A GA-EBE ya, na Council City na-ekwupụta n'ụzọ doro anya na ọ na-emegide itinye ego nke obodo na ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla nke na-etinye aka na mmepụta mmanụ ụgbọala ma ọ bụ mmepụta ma ọ bụ nkwalite nke ngwá agha na usoro ngwá agha, ma ọ bụ nke ọma ma ọ bụ nuklia, gụnyere mmepụta nke ogwe aka ndị nkịtị, ma kpebie na ọ ga-abụ iwu obodo iji si na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ pụọ; ma
ANYỊ KWESỊRỊ KWESỊRỊ, na Council Council na-eduzi onye ọ bụla na ndị niile na-emechitere ọrụ ego nke obodo iji mezuo ndokwa nke mkpebi a; ma
ANYỊ KWESỊRỊ KWESỊRỊ, na mkpebi a ga-abụ iwu iwu obodo ma ga - enwe ike zuru oke ma rụchaa ya mgbe City Council kwadoro ya.
1. Rich Whitney, Truthout, Sept. 23, 2017, "US Na-enye Enyemaka Ndị Agha na 73 Pasent nke Ọchịchị Ụwa" https://truthout.org/articles/us-provides-military-assistance-to-73-percent-of-world-s-dictatorships/
2. World BEYOND War, "Agha na-eyi egwu gburugburu ebe obibi anyị," https://worldbeyondwar.org/environment
3. World BEYOND War, "Obodo nke Charlottesville na - agafe Mkpebi Mkpebi Ịgwa Nzukọ Ọchịchị Maka Ego Maka Mkpa Mmadụ na Gburugburu Ebe obibi, Ọ bụghị Ọganihu Ndị Agha," March 20, 2017, https://worldbeyondwar.org/city-charlottesville-passes-resolution-asking-congress-fund-human-environmental-needs-not-military-expansion
4. "Na-agbaso 1.5 C C Limit: Uru na Ohere," nke
Mmemme mmepe nke United Nations, Nov 16, 2016. http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/climate-and-disaster-resilience-/pursuing-the-1-5c-limit—benefits-and-opportunities.html
5. Stephen Nash, Virginia Nsogbu Ihu Igwe: Olee otú Ngwongwo Ụwa Ga-agbanwe Obodo anyị, Ụmụ Osimiri, na Osisi, University of Virginia Press, 2017. https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/4501
6. Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nchịkwa Udo Na-ahụ Maka Ndọrọ Ọchịchị, "Ọrụ Ngwá Ọrụ US nke Metụtara Ihe Ndị Metụtara Agha na Ime Obodo: 2011 Update," https://www.peri.umass.edu/publication/item/449-the-u-s-employment-effects-of-military-and-domestic-spending-priorities-2011-update
7. "Mgbanwe ihu igwe nwere ike ime ka ụkọ mmiri dị n'ọtụtụ narị ala US site na 2050," na- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120215143003.htm
8. Ihe atụ gụnyere agha US na Syria (https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-cia-pentagon-isis-20160327-story.html ), Iraq (https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/isis-weapons-arsenal-included-some-purchased-u-s-government-n829201 ), Libya (https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/06/world/africa/weapons-sent-to-libyan-rebels-with-us-approval-fell-into-islamist-hands.html ), ndị Iran-Iraq agha (http://articles.latimes.com/1987-06-18/news/mn-8000_1_gulf-war ), agha ọgwụ Mexico (https://fas.org/asmp/library/publications/us-mexico.htm ), Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ (https://www.amazon.com/Trading-Enemy-Charles-Higham/dp/0760700095/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1463760561&sr=1-1&keywords=Trading+with+the+enemy ) na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.
9. "Obodo anyị na-amị ọkụ-na ndị na-egbu ya," site n'aka Alissa Walker, https://www.curbed.com/2018/7/6/17539904/heat-wave-extreme-heat-cities-deadly
10. Nash, op. cit.
11. "A na-achọpụta na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-eme ka ịrị elu ịrị elu nke mmiri na-arị elu n'oge okpomọkụ," site na RS Nerem, BD Beckley, JT Fasullo, BD Hamlington, D. Masters, na GT Mitchum. PNAS February 27, 2018, 115 (9) 2022-2025; bipụtara n'ihu mbipụta February 12, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717312115. https://www.pnas.org/content/115/9/2022
12. "Ngwá Agha Ụwa nke 1.5 ° C, Otu Akuko Pụrụ Iche IPCC; Nchịkọta maka ndị na-emepụta iwu. "October 2018. https://report.ipcc.ch/sr15/pdf/sr15_spm_final.pdf
13. "Mgbanwe ụwa na mgbanwe ụmụaka na ahụ ike," nke Samantha Ahdoot, Susan E. Pacheco, na Council na Health Environment. Pediatrics, Nov 2015, Vol 136 / Esemokwu 5, Nkọwapụta nke Ụlọ Ọrụ American Academy of Pediatrics. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/136/5/e1468
