Eji PFAS metọọ mmiri dị n'ime ala na Victorville na ọtụtụ California, "kemịkalụ ebighi ebi."
Site n’aka Pat Elder, February 23, 2020, World BEYOND War
Na Septemba 10, 2018 Lahontan Regional Water Board nwalere mmiri olulu mmiri nke ụlọ nke Mr. na Oriakụ Kenneth Culberton nwere dị na 18399 Shay Road na Victorville, California. Achọpụtara mmiri ahụ nwere ọkwa dị elu nke kemịkalụ 25 dị iche iche PFAS, ọtụtụ ndị a maara dị ka carcinogens mmadụ. Ebe obibi Culberton dị narị kubit ole na ole site na ókèala ọwụwa anyanwụ nke George Air Force Base mechiri emechi.
Culberton jụrụ ka a gbaa ya ajụjụ ọnụ ya mere anyị ga-adabere na ndekọ ọha. Akwụkwọ ozi o nwetara site na Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board na February 11, 2019 kwuru:
“Site na ajụjụ ọnụ ndị Air Force gbara gị na ya, anyị ghọtara na gị na onye nwe ụlọ na-eji mmiri karama dị ka isi iyi mmiri, olulu mmiri a na-eji naanị maka ịgba mmiri. Ntụle nke mkpokọta PFOS na PFOA jikọtara ya na ọkwa ntinye uche USEPA (lee tebụl dị n'okpuru) na-egosi na mmiri olulu mmiri a nwere ike ọ gaghị adabara maka oriri mmadụ ka ọ gafere ọkwa HA nke ndụ ya niile."
Ụlọ na-esote, dị na 18401 Shay Road, a chọpụtara na o nwere olulu mmiri emerụrụ n'otu aka ahụ. E rere ụlọ ahụ na June 19, 2018 nye Matthew Arnold Villarreal dị ka onye nwe ya. Mbufe ahụ mere ọnwa atọ tupu bọọdụ mmiri nwalere olulu mmiri ahụ. Villarreal bụ onye na-ahụ maka inye mmiri nke Ngalaba Mmiri nke Obodo Victorville. A maghị ọkwa nke mmetọ nke olulu mmiri ndị ọzọ dị na gburugburu George AFB.
George Air Force Base, nke mechiri na 1992, jiri ụfụfụ na-emepụta ihe nkiri (AFFF) mee ihe na ọzụzụ ọzụzụ ọkụ, yana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ntọala 50 ndị ọzọ na steeti ahụ. Per- na poly fluoroalkyl bekee, ma ọ bụ PFAS, bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ụfụfụ, nke enyere ohere ịbanye n'ime mmiri ala na mmiri dị n'elu.
N'agbanyeghị ịmara kemgbe 1970 na omume ahụ na-eyi ahụike mmadụ egwu, ndị agha na-aga n'ihu na-eji kemịkalụ na nrụnye na US na gburugburu ụwa.
Mmiri dị n'ime ala anakọtara na Septemba 19, 2018 na Mmepụta ọma Adelanto 4 Victorville, nke dị nso na nkwụsị nke Turner Road na Phantom East, gosikwara ọnụnọ dị ize ndụ nke kemịkalụ PFAS dị iche iche. Edere ọkwa sitere na Board Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board na: Ray Cordero, Onye nlekọta mmiri, Obodo Adelanto, Ngalaba Mmiri.
Echiche sitere na Phantom Road East na njikọ ya na Turner Road.
Dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ October, 2005 George AFB Restoration Advisory Board (RAB) Nkwupụta Mweghachi, si kwuo, mmiri mmiri dị n'ime ala nwere ihe mmetọ enweghị.
kwagara n'olulu mmiri ọṅụṅụ ma ọ bụ na Osimiri Mojave. "Mmiri ọṅụṅụ na obodo na-anọgide na-adị mma maka oriri," dị ka akụkọ ikpeazụ si kwuo.
O yikarịrị ka ndị mmadụ nọ n'obodo aṅụwo mmiri nsí ruo ọgbọ abụọ. bọọdụ ndụmọdụ mweghachi akatọwo maka ibelata mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike nke ndị agha kpatara mgbe ọ na-eje ozi iji soro na ịnwe nguzogide obodo.
Mmiri Culberton na-etinye ọrịa PFAS n'echiche. Ewere chaatị a na-esonụ site n'akwụkwọ ozi bọọdụ mmiri degara Maazị na Oriakụ Kenneth Culberton:
Aha ug/L ppt
6: 2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate .0066 6.6
8: 2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate .0066 6.6
EtFOSA .0100 10
EtFOSAA .0033 3.3
EtFOSE .0079 7.9
MeFOSA .0130 13
MeFOSAA .0029 2.9
MeFOSE .012 12
Perfluorobutanoic acid .013 13
Perfluorobutane sulfonate .020 20
Perfluorodecane Sulfonate .0060 6
Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) .037 37
Perfluoroheptane sulfonate .016 16
Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) .072 72
Perfluorohexane Sulfonate (PFHxS) .540 540
Perfluoronononoic acid (PFNA) .0087 8.7
Perfluourooctane Sulonamide (PFOSA) .0034 3.4
Perfluoropentanoic acid PFPeA .051 51
Perfluourotetradecanoic acid .0027 2.7
Perfluourotridacanoic acid .0038 3.8
Perfluouroundecanoic acid (PFUnA) .0050 5.0
Perfluourodecanoic acid (PFDA) .0061 6.1
Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) .0050 5.0
Perfluouro-n-Octanoic Acid (PFOA) .069 69
Perfluurooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) .019 19
Ngwakọta 25 PFAS nke achọtara na Culberton zuru oke akụkụ 940 kwa puku ijeri (ppt.) Ma gọọmentị etiti ma ọ bụ steeti California anaghị eso ma ọ bụ na-achịkwa mmetọ n'olulu mmiri nkeonwe. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ahụike ọha adọla aka na ntị banyere mmetụta mkpokọta nke carcinogen ndị a. Ndị isi ọrụ ahụike ọha na mba ahụ kwuru na 1 ppt nke PFAS na mmiri ọñụụ nwere ike dị ize ndụ. Ọbá akwụkwọ ọgwụ nke mba NIH na-enye ọmarịcha search engine nke na-enye mmetụta toxicological nke mmetọ ndị dị n'elu, yana ndị ọzọ a na-ahụkarị na mmiri ọṅụṅụ na gburugburu ebe obibi anyị.
Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ahụ na-emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha batara na akpụkpọ ahụ. Naanị pịa njikọ ahụ na saịtị NIH dị n'elu ka ịmalite usoro nyocha mmetụta ọjọọ na ahụike mmadụ. A na-eji ụfọdụ kemịkalụ ndị a na ọgwụ pesticides dị ka ihe na-arụ ọrụ maka ọnyà ndanda. Na mgbakwunye, ọtụtụ kemịkalụ PFAS akọwara n'elu na-akpata ma ọ bụ tinye aka na ọnọdụ ndị a:
- Mgbanwe na ọkwa nke hormone thyroid, karịsịa na ndị agadi
- Ọnwụ sitere na ọrịa cerebrovascular
- Mmụba cholesterol ọbara na triglycerides
- Mmekọrịta dị mma n'etiti ọkwa PFAS na ADHD
- Ejikọtara ọkwa PFAS nke nne na mmalite afọ ime yana obere okirikiri afọ na ogologo ọmụmụ.
- Ọrịa Ovary Polycystic
- Mkpakọrịta dị mma n'etiti mkpokọta nne nke PFOA na ọnụọgụ nke ngosipụta oyi nkịtị maka ụmụaka
- Mmụba akụkụ nke gastroenteritis.
- Mgbanwe nke DNA
- Mmụba ọkwa nke prostate, imeju na ọrịa kansa akụrụ
- Imeju na ụbụrụ adịghị arụ ọrụ
- Mbufụt nke ikuku na ọrụ ụzọ ikuku gbanwere
- Nsogbu ọmụmụ nwoke
- Nzaghachi hypoactive na nicotine
N'ihe ize ndụ nke iti mutagen inyinya nwụrụ anwụ, abụọ n'ime mmetọ PFAS kachasị na mmiri Culberton - PFHxS (540 ppt) na PFHxA (72 ppt) nọ n'ụzọ pụrụ iche na olulu mmiri ime obodo California na-eji mmiri ọ drinkingụ drinkingụ. Gọọmenti etiti ma ọ bụ steeti adịghị ka ihe ndị a na-emerụ emerụ. Kama, edobere ha na naanị abụọ n'ime ụdị kemịkalụ 6,000 nke PFAS - PFOS & PFOA - nke anaghịzi emepụta ma ọ bụ jiri ya.
Na Febụwarị 6, 2020 Kọmiti njikwa akụrụngwa mmiri nke California steeti wedara “Ọkwa nzaghachi” ya na akụkụ 10 kwa puku ijeri (ppt) maka PFOA na 40 ppt maka PFOS. Ọ bụrụ na usoro mmiri karịrị ọkwa nzaghachi maka carcinogens ndị a, a chọrọ usoro ahụ iji wepụ isi iyi mmiri na ọrụ ma ọ bụ nye ọkwa ọha na eze n'ime ụbọchị 30 nke nchọpụta ekwenyesiri ike. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, n'ime olulu mmiri 568 steeti nwalere na 2019 164 nwere PFHxS yana 111 nwere PFHxA.
Kpọmkwem, achọpụtara PFHxS n'ọbara eriri nwa ma bufee na ẹmbrayo ruo n'ókè ka ukwuu karịa nke akọọrọ maka PFOS. A na-ejikọta mkpughe nke PFHxS n'afọ ime na ọnọdụ nke ọrịa na-efe efe, dị ka mgbasa ozi ottis, oyi baa, nje RS, na varicella na nwata.
Enwere ike jikọta mkpughe PFHxA na ọrịa Gilbert, ọrịa imeju mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, ọ bụ ezie na amụbeghị ihe ahụ n'ọtụtụ ebe. Chaatị ndị a na-akọwa usoro mmiri steeti nwere ọkwa PFHxS na PFHxS kachasị elu n'olulu mmiri ejiri maka mmiri ọñụñụ, dabere na data 2019 nwere oke:
Sistemụ mmiri PFHxS na ppt.
Ndị mmekọ San Luis Obispo 360
JM Sims - San Luis Obispo 260
Ndị nrụpụta CB & I (SLO 240
Strasbaugh, Inc. (SLO) 110
Whitson Ind. Park San Luis Obispo 200
Ugo ọla edo – Contra Costa Co. 187
Oroville 175
Mpaghara 7 Livermore 90
Pleasanton 77
Corona 61
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Sistemụ mmiri FFHxA na ppt.
Ndị mmekọ San Luis Obispo 300
JM Sims - San Luis Obispo 220
Mariposa 77
Burbank 73
Ụlọ ọrụ Pactiv LLC 59
Santa Clarita 52
Acres enyi na enyi – Tehama Co. 43
Ụlọ ọrụ Pactiv LLC 59
Valencia 37
Corona 34
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Kemịkalụ PFAS niile dị ize ndụ. Ha na-egbu egbu, na-agagharị agagharị na mmiri dị n'ime ala na mmiri dị n'elu, yana nchịkọta bio. Nwanyị dị ime na Victorville na onye ọ bụla n'ebe ọ bụla kwesịrị ịdọ aka ná ntị ka ọ ghara ịṅụ mmiri nwere PFAS.
