Afọ iri na ise na Afghanistan: Otu Ajụjụ, Otu Azịza-Ugbu a, Afọ anọ Karịa Otu

Site Ann Wright.

Na Disemba 2001, ihe kariri afọ iri na ise gara aga, anọ m na obere mmadụ ise meghere US Embassy na Kabul, Afghanistan. Ugbu a afọ iri na ise ka nke ahụ gasịrị, otu ajụjụ ndị anyị jụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri abụọ gara aga ka a na-ajụ banyere itinye aka US na Afghanistan na anyị na-enwetakwa otu azịza ahụ.  

Ajụjụ ndị ahụ bụ: gịnị kpatara anyị ji nọrọ afọ iri na ise na Afghanistan ma ebee ka ọtụtụ ijeri dollar US tinye na Afghanistan?  

Azịza ya bụ otu afọ mgbe afọ-US nọ na Afghanistan iji merie ndị Taliban na al Qaeda, (ma ugbu a ndị ọzọ dị egwu) ka ha enweghị ike ibuso United States agha. Ruo afọ iri na ise, ndị agha kachasị elu na ndị nwere ego zuru ụwa ọnụ agbalịrị imeri ndị Taliban na Al Qaeda, na-arụ ụka na ndị agha ndị agha ejighi ego na nke kachasị obere n'ụwa, ma enwebeghị ihe ịga nke ọma. 

Ebee ka ego ahụ gara? Ọtụtụ agaala Dubai maka ụlọ na ụlọ maka ndị isi Afghanistan na ndị ọrụ ngo (US, Afghan na ndị ọzọ) bụ ndị mere ka ọtụtụ nde mmadụ kwụsị itinye aka na Afghanistan na Afghanistan.

Na February 9, 2017, kọmitii na-ahụ maka ọrụ ndị ọrụ na-anụ na Afghanistan, John Nicholson, onye ọchịagha nke ndị agha US na Afghanistan, zara ajụjụ maka awa abụọ na Senate na-anụ banyere itinye aka na US na Afghanistan. O nyekwara mpempe akwụkwọ iri abụọ ederede banyere ọnọdụ dị ugbu a na Afghanistan. http://www.armed-services. senate.gov/imo/media/doc/ Nicholson_02-09-17.pdf

Na nzaghachi ajụjụ onye Senator, “Russia ọ na-etinye aka na Afghanistan ?,” Nicholson zara: “Ọ bụ ezie na Russia nwere mgbochi ọgwụ ọjọọ banyere Afghanistan na ụjọ ọgụ ndị na-eyi ọha egwu sitere n’aka ndị otu extremist na Afghanistan, ebe ọ bụ na 2016 anyị kwenyere na Russia nọ na-enyere ndị Taliban aka na iji mebie ozi US na NATO. Ndi Taliban bu uzo ndi ozo ndi ozo na-aru oru na Afghanistan. Anyị na-echegbu onwe anyị banyere mmekọrịta na-arịwanye elu n'etiti Russia na Pakistan nke na-aga n'ihu na-enye ebe nchekwa maka ndị isi ndị isi Taliban. Russia na Pakistan emegoro mmega agha agha na Pakistan. Anyị na ndị otu anyị na Central Asia ụjọ na-atụ ụjọ maka ebumnuche Russia. ”

Nicholson kwuru na "a na-aga n'ihu na ozi US na-enye ọzụzụ, na-adụ ọdụ ma na-atụle (TAA) ndị ọrụ nchekwa Afghanistan." Ọ dịghị Senator jụrụ ihe kpatara na 16 afọ US ga-aga n'ihu na-eme otu ọzụzụ ahụ-na ogologo oge ụdị ọzụzụ a gara na-azụ ndị agha nwere ike imeri ndị Taliban na ndị ọzọ. 

Nicholson kwuru na US na NATO etinyela aka na opekata mpe afọ anọ ọzọ na Afghanistan na nnọkọ NATO na Warsaw, Poland na July 2016. Na ọgbakọ ndị nyere onyinye na Brussels na Ọktọba 2016, mba ndị nyere onyinye 75 nyere $ 15 ijeri maka ịga n'ihu nwughari nke Afghanistan. US ga-aga n'ihu na-enye $ 5 ijeri kwa afọ site na 2020. https://www.sigar.mil/pdf/ quarterlyreports/2017-01-30qr. pdf

Na nkwupụta ya Nicholson gbakwunyere na mba 30 ọzọ kwere nkwa karịa $ 800M kwa afọ iji kwado ndị Afghanistan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF) ruo na njedebe nke 2020 yana na Septemba, India gbakwunyere $ 1B na $ 2B ọ tinyelarị Mmepe Afghanistan.

Kemgbe 2002, ndị omeiwu US emeela ihe karịrị ijeri $ 117 ijeri maka nwughari Afghanistan (na-azụ ndị agha Afghanistan, na-eme ka ndị Afghanistan na-elekọta ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ, na ịzụlite akụ na ụba Afghanistan), nnukwu mmefu iji wughachi. obodo ọ bụla na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke United States.  https://www.sigar.mil/pdf/ quarterlyreports/2017-01-30qr. pdf

Nicholson kwuru na ndị ọrụ agha US 8,448 dị na Afghanistan ugbu a ga-anọrịrị iji kpuchido US n'aka ndị otu extremist na Afghanistan na Pakistan ebe 20 n'ime ndị 98 ahọpụtara aha ndị otu iyi ọha egwu n'ụwa. O kwuru na enweghị mmekorita n'etiti Afghanistan Taliban na ISIS, mana na ọtụtụ ndị agha ISIS si / site n'aka ndị Pakistan Pakistan.

Otu afọ gara aga, dịka nke March 2016, e nwere ihe dịka ndị ọrụ ngo 28,600 Ngalaba Nchedo (DOD) na Afghanistan, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị agha 8,730 US, yana ndị ọrụ nkwekọrịta na-anọchite anya 77% nke ọnụnọ DOD niile na mba. N'ime ndị ọrụ ngo 28,600 DOD, 9,640 bụ ndị mba US na ihe dịka 870, ma ọ bụ ihe dịka 3%, bụ ndị ọrụ ngo nchekwa nkeonwe. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/ natsec/R44116.pdf

Ebe ọ bụ na ọkwa ndị agha na-adịgide otu ahụ n'afọ gara aga, mmadụ ga-akọwapụta na ọnụọgụ ndị nkwekọrịta ndị nkịtị bụ otu maka 2017 maka mkpokọta ihe dị ka ndị agha US US na ndị nkwekọrịta DOD na Afghanistan.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agha US kachasị ukwuu na Afghanistan bụ 99,800 na nkeji nke abụọ nke 2011 na ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke ndị nkwekọrịta ndị agha bụ 117,227 nke 34,765 bụ ụmụ amaala US nọ na nkeji nke abụọ nke 2012 maka mkpokọta ndị ọrụ US 200,000 na mba ahụ, ewezuga ndị ọrụ Steeti na ndị ọrụ ya.  https://fas.org/sgp/crs/ natsec/R44116.pdf   Onweghi onu ahia banyere onu ogugu ndi isi ala na ndi nkwekọrịta obula na Afghanistan adighi.

Site na Ọktọba 2001 ruo 2015, ndị ọrụ ngo nzuzo 1,592 (ihe dịka 32 pasent nke ndị America) na-arụ ọrụ na Ngalaba Nchedo Nkwekọrịta na-egbu na Afghanistan. Na 2016, ihe karịrị okpukpu abụọ ka e gburu ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ngo onwe ha na Afghanistan karịa ndị agha US (ndị agha US 56 na ndị ọrụ 101 gburu).

http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/ 05/29/the-new-unknown- soldiers-of-afghanistan-and- iraq/

Senator McCaskill jụrụ Nicholson ajụjụ siri ike banyere njigide na nrụrụ aka na-aga n'ihu n'ime gọọmentị Afghanistan yana ndị ọrụ ngo mpaghara na mba ụwa. Nicholson kwuru na mgbe afọ iri na ise gachara, o kwenyere na US mechara nwee ike ịchọpụta "ndị mmụọ" ndị agha na ndị agha akwụ ụgwọ ma kwụsị ịkwụ ụgwọ onye isi ndị agha nyefere aha. Tụkwasị na nke a, Nicholson gbakwụnyere na dị ka akụkọ US Department of State Inspector General kachasị ọhụrụ banyere njide na nrụrụ aka na mpaghara nkwekọrịta ahụ kwuru na $ 200 nde na ịkwụ ụgwọ ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ maka $ 1 ijeri nkwekọrịta maka mmanụ ụgbọala ewetawo nkwenye nke otu onye isi ndị Afghanistan na kọntaktị anọ amachibidoro ị rịọ na nkwekọrịta. Paykwụ ụgwọ maka "ndị agha mmụọ" na ịkwụ ụgwọ mmanụ ụgbọala abụwo isi iyi kachasị nke nrụrụ aka na nso nso a na Afghanistan. https://www.sigar.mil/pdf/ quarterlyreports/2017-01-30qr. pdf

Onye omebe iwu ọzọ nke ndị ọgwụ ọjọọ na-emebi steeti ha jụrụ, "Site n'ọtụtụ ọnwụ na US site na ị overụ ọgwụ ọjọọ na-abịa opiates na-abịa site na Afghanistan, gịnị kpatara US / NATO ewepụghị ogige opium poppy na Afghanistan?" Nicholson zara, sị: “Amaghị m, ọ bụghịkwa iwu agha anyị. Fọdụ ụlọ ọrụ ọzọ ga-eme nke a. ”

Nicholson kwuru na mbọ iji mee ka ya na ndị Taliban na ndị otu ya nwee ọfụma. Na Septemba 29, 2016, onye agha agha afọ iri megide Soviet Union, ndị agha ndị ọzọ n'oge agha obodo, ndị Taliban na US / NATO, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, onye ndu nke Hezb-e Islami bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta udo na gọọmentị Afghanistan na-ekwe ka nlọghachi nke Ndị agha 20,000 na ezinụlọ ha na Afghanistan.  https://www.afghanistan- analysts.org/peace-with- hekmatyar-what-does-it-mean- for-battlefield-and-politics/

Nicholson kwuru na ụfọdụ ndị ndọrọndọrọ Afghan na-aga n'ihu na-agbanwe njikọta agbakwunyere na ngalaba nke na-enye ego na nchedo.

N’ozi emepere emepe https://www.veteransforpeace. org/pressroom/news/2017/01/30/ open-letter-donald-trump-end- us-war-afghanistan nye Onye isi oche Trump iji kwụsị agha Afghanistan, ọtụtụ òtù na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-agba onye isi ala US ọhụụ ume ka ọ kwụsị agha kachasị ogologo na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba a:

“Inye ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị ndị America na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ogbugbu ma ọ bụ nwụọ nke emere na 15 afọ gara aga bụ ọtụtụ ihe ịjụ. Tụ anya na ha ga-ekwere n'ozi ahụ buru nnukwu ibu. Eziokwu ahụ nwere ike inye aka kọwaa nke a: onye kacha gbuo ndị agha US na Afghanistan bụ igbu onwe. Onye nke abụọ kachasị egbu nke ndị agha America bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ma ọ bụ ndị ntorobịa Afghanistan ndị US na-azụ na-atụgharị ngwa ọgụ ha na ndị na-enye ọzụzụ! Gị onwe gị matara nke a, si: "Ka anyị si Afghanistan pụọ. Ndị agha anyị na-egbu ndị agha Afghan na anyị na-ala ọtụtụ ijeri ebe ahụ. Eziokwu! Na-ewughachi USA. "

Mwepụ nke ndị agha US ga-adị mma maka ndị Afghan, dịka ọnụnọ nke ndị agha mba ọzọ etinyela aka na okwu udo. Ndị Afghanistan ga-ekpebi ọdịnihu ha, ha ga-enwe ike ime ya mgbe ọ bụla njedebe nke mba ọzọ ga-akwụsị.

Anyị na-agba gị ume ka ịgbanye peeji nke a na mwakpo a metụtara agha. Si na Afghanistan bute ndị agha US niile n'ụlọ. Kwụsị mgbapụ nke US ma, maka ntakịrị nke ọnụ ego ahụ, nyere ndị Afghanistan aka na nri, ebe obibi, na ngwa ọrụ ugbo. "

Afọ iri na ise nke otu ajụjụ ahụ na otu azịza banyere agha Afghanistan. Oge erugo ịkwụsị agha ahụ.

Banyere onye chepụtara: Ann Wright jere ozi afọ 29 na US Army / Army Reserve wee lara ezumike nká dị ka onye isi. O jekwara ozi afọ iri na isii dịka onye nnọchi anya mba US na Nicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia, Afghanistan na Mongolia. Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na gọọmentị US na Machị 16 na-emegide mbuso agha Bush Bush na Iraq. Kemgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm, ọ laghachila Afghanistan ugboro atọ na Pakistan otu ugboro.