Ndị Palestaịn lere anya na ogbunigwe a na-akọwabeghị nke ụgbọ elu Israel F-16 tụbara na mpaghara Gaza nke Rimal na 18 May 2021 (AFP / Mahmud Hams)
nke Frank Andrews dere, Egwu Middle East, Mee 18, 2021.
Ruo ihe karịrị otu izu, Israel ejirila bọmbụ tie Gaza, na-ekwu na ọ na-elekwasị anya "ndị na-eyi ọha egwu" Hamas. Ma ụlọ obibi, ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ, ụlọ ọgwụ na isi Covid-19 nyocha ụlọ nyocha abụrụwokwa nke e dozirila.
Ogbunigwe Israel na-aga n'ihu na gburugburu ahụ gbara gburugburu, nke gburu ugbu a ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ 213, gụnyere ụmụaka 61, nwere ike bụrụ mpụ agha, dị ka Amnesty International.
Hamas 'ọtụtụ puku aghara aghara aghara aghara aghara n'ebe ugwu site na Gaza, nke gburu mmadụ iri na abụọ, nwekwara ike ịbụ a ajọ mpụ, dị ka otu ikike si dị.
Ma mgbe Hamas nwere bombs ukwuu n'ime tinye ọnụ si arụrụ n'ụlọ na ihe ezoro ezo, nke dị oke egwu n'ihi na enweghị nduzi, Israel nwere ọnọdụ nka, nkenke ngwa ọgụ na nke ya booming ogwe aka ụlọ ọrụ. Ọ bụ asatọ nke kachasị ibu na-ebupụ ngwá agha na mbara ala.
Ihe agha ndị agha nke Israel na-akwadokwa ya site na mbubata ọtụtụ ijeri dollar nke ngwá agha si mba ọzọ.
Ndị a bụ mba na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-enye Israel ngwa ọgụ, agbanyeghị na ebubo ebubo mpụ mpụ.
United States
United States bụ nnukwu onye na-ebupụ ngwá agha na Israel. N'agbata 2009-2020, ihe karịrị pasent 70 nke ogwe aka Israel zụtara sitere na US, dị ka Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Udo Ụwa Nile nke Stockholm (Sipri) Ogwe aka na-enyefe nchekwa data, nke gụnyere naanị ngwá agha ndị bụ isi.
Dabere na ọnụọgụ Sipri, ndị US ebubatala Israel na ogwe aka kwa afọ kemgbe 1961.
O siri ike ịgbaso ogwe aka ewepụtara n'ezie, mana n'etiti 2013-2017, US nyefere n'aka $ 4.9bn (£ 3.3bn) na ogwe aka nye Israel, dịka ndị UK siri Mgbasa Ozi megide mszụ Ngwá Agha (CAAT).
A na-ese foto bọmbụ ndị US mere na Gaza na nso nso a, kwa.
Mbupụ ahụ abawanyela n'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ oge ebubo ndị agha Israel nke ime mpụ agha megide ndị Palestaịn.
United States gara n'ihu na-ebupụ Israel ngwa agha mgbe ọ pụtara na 2009, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ndị agha Israel ejirila ụyọkọ phosphorus ọcha na Palestine - mpụ agha, dị ka Watch Rights Watch.
Na 2014, Amnesty International boro Israel ebubo otu ebubo maka mwakpo na-ezighi ezi gburu ọtụtụ ndị nkịtị na Rafah, ndịda Gaza. N'afọ sochirinụ, ọnụ ahịa mbupụ nke ngwa agha US na Israel fọrọ nke nta ka okpukpu abụọ, dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ Sipri si kwuo.
Onye isi ala US Joe Biden "kwupụtara nkwado ya maka nkwụsị”Na Mọnde, nrụgide si Ndi ochichi ndi ochichi. Ma ọ pụtakwara n'isi ụtụtụ na gọọmentị ya akwadola $ 735m na ngwa agha na Israel, nke Washington Post kọrọ. Ndi otu ndi ochichi nke ndi ochichi nke ndi ulo na-acho ka ndi ochichi igbu oge na ire ere na-echere nyocha.
Na n'okpuru nkwekọrịta enyemaka nchekwa gbasara 2019-2028, US ekwenyela - dabere na nkwado ọgbakọ - inye Israel $ 3.8bn kwa afọ na ego ndị agha mba ọzọ, nke ọ ga-emefu Ngwá agha ndị US mere.
Nke ahụ bụ ihe dịka 20 pasent nke mmefu ego nke Israel, dị ka NBC, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ ise nke ndị agha mba ofesi na-akwado ego zuru ụwa ọnụ.
Mana US na-enyekwa ego ọzọ oge ụfọdụ, n'elu onyinye ya kwa afọ. O nyere ihe tinye $ 1.6bn kemgbe 2011 maka Israel Iron Dome mgbochi-ngwa ogu ana-atu atu usoro, na akụkụ na-mere na US.
"Israel nwere nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ogwe aka nke nwere ike ịkwagide ogbugbu ahụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala obere oge," Andrew Smith nke CAAT gwara Middle East Eye.
"Otú ọ dị, ya isi ọgụ ugbo elu si US," O kwukwara, na-ezo aka Fgbọ elu ọgụ F-16 nke United States, nke na-aga n'ihu na-eti pịpịa warara. “Ọ bụrụgodi na ikike iwu ha dị na Israel, o doro anya na ha ga-ewe ogologo oge iji gbakọta.
"N'ihe banyere mgbochi, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a na-atụbata, mana m ga-atụ anya na a ga-emepụta ha na Israel. N'ụzọ doro anya, n'ọnọdụ a, ọnọdụ a ga-ewe iji wepụta ngwá agha ga-ewe oge, ọ gaghịkwa adị ọnụ ala. ”
“Ma, a gaghị ahụ ire ngwá agha iche. Ha na-akwado site na nkwado ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị miri emi, ”Smith kwukwara. "Nkwado nke US, ọkachasị, bara nnukwu uru n'ihe gbasara ịkwado ọrụ na ịkọwa mkpọsa bọmbụ dị ka nke anyị hụworo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya."
Ogologo ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọrụ US dị iche iche metụtara inye Israel ogwe aka gụnyere Lockheed Martin, Boeing; Northrop Grumman, General Dynamics, Ametek, UTC Aerospace, na Raytheon, dị ka CAAT si kwuo.
Germany
Onye nke abụọ na-ebupụ ngwa agha na Israel bụ Germany, nke mere ka pasent 24 nke mbubata ngwa agha Israel dị n'etiti 2009-2020.
Germany anaghị enye data gbasara ngwa agha ọ napụtara, mana ha nyere ikikere maka irere ngwa ahịa n’aka Israel ruru ijeri euro 1.6 ($ 1.93bn) site na 2013-2017, dị ka CAAT.
Onu ogugu Sipri gosiputara Germany na erere Israel agha na 1960s na 1970s, ma na-eme ya kwa afọ kemgbe 1994.
Okwu mbu agbachitere n'etiti mba abụọ ahụ laghachiri na 1957, dị ka ala, nke kwuru na na 1960, Prime Minista David Ben-Gurion zutere na New York na German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer ma mesie ike "mkpa Israel nwere maka obere ụgbọ agha okpuru mmiri na ngwa ọgụ ụgbọelu".
Ọ bụ ezie na US enyerela ọtụtụ mkpa nchekwa ikuku nke Israel aka, Germany ka na-enye ụgbọ agha okpuru mmiri.
Onye German onye na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems wuru isii Mgbọ okpuru mmiri dolphin maka Israel, dị ka CAAT si kwuo, ebe ụlọ ọrụ German bụ Renk AG na-enyere aka ịkwadebe tankị Israel Merkava.
Onye isi ala Germany bụ Angela Merkel kwupụtara “ịdị n'otu” na Israel na oku na Netanyahu na Mọnde, dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ya, na-ekwusi ike na mba ahụ "ikike ịgbachitere onwe ya" megide mwakpo rọketi sitere na Hamas.
Italy
Istali na-esote, na-enye pasent 5.6 nke isi mbubata ngwa agha nke Israel n'etiti 2009-2020, dị ka Sipri si kwuo.
Site na 2013-2017, Italy nyefere arms 476m ($ 581m) nke ogwe aka nye Israel, ka CAAT si kwuo.
Obodo abụọ a emeela azụmahịa na afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya nke Israel ji nweta ụgbọ elu ọzụzụ maka mgbọ ogbunigwe na ngwa ọgụ ndị ọzọ, dịka Ozi Nche.
Italy sonyeere mba ndị ọzọ dị na Europe na-akatọ ebe obibi Israel na Sheikh Jarrah na ebe ndị ọzọ tupu May, mana mba ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-ebupụ ngwa agha.
'Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Livorno agaghị eso na mgbukpọ nke ndị Palestian'
- Unione Sindicale di Base, .tali
Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na Livorno jụrụ na Fraịde iburu ụgbọ mmiri bu ngwá agha gaa n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Israel nke Ashdod, mgbe NGO ndị Italiantali mara ya ọkwa banyere ihe dị na ibu ya.
Union Port Sivicale di Base kwuru na "Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Livorno agaghị eso na mgbukpọ nke ndị Palestian," okwu.
Ngwá Agha Watch gwara ndị ọchịchị authoritiestali ka ha kwụsịtụ "ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ ndị agha alltali niile na-ebupụ na mpaghara esemokwu Israel na Palestine".
AgustaWestland, onye enyemaka nke ụlọ ọrụ Italian Leonardo, na-emepụta akụrụngwa maka helikopta ọgụ Apache nke Israel ji, dị ka CAAT si kwuo.
United Kingdom
UK, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụghị na nchekwa data Sipri n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, na-erekwa Israel na ngwa agha, ma nye ikikere £ 400m na ogwe aka kemgbe 2015, dị ka CAAT si kwuo.
Ndi otu NGO na-akpọ UK ka ha kwụsị ire ngwa agha na nkwado ndị agha nye ndị agha Israel na nyochaa ọ bụrụ na ejirila ogwe aka UK rụọ ogbunigwe na Gaza.
Ego ole UK na-ebupụ na Israel dị elu karịa ọnụọgụ ndị dị n'ihu ọha, n'ihi usoro opaque nke ire ngwa agha, "ikikere mepere emepe", isi ikike iji bupu, nke na-edebe uru nke ogwe aka na ọnụọgụ ha.
Smith nke CAAT gwara MEE na ihe dịka 30-40 pasent nke ngwá agha UK na Israel nwere ike ịbụ n'okpuru ikikere mepere emepe, mana "anyị amaghị" ngwá agha ha bụ ma ọ bụ otu esi eji ha.
“Ọ gwụla ma Gọọmentị UK ebido nyocha nke aka ya, mgbe ahụ ọ nweghị ụzọ ọzọ esi achọpụta nke ejirila ngwa agha, na-abụghị ịdabere na foto ndị na-apụta site na otu mpaghara ọgbaaghara kachasị njọ n’ụwa - nke abụghị ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị maka ulo oru ogwe aka agha ka aga-eji kwue, ”Smith kwuru.
Smith kwuru, "Otu anyị si achọpụta ihe arụ ndị a bụ ma ọ bụ ịdabere na ndị nọ na mpaghara agha na-ese foto nke ngwa ọgụ nke na-ada gburugburu ha ma ọ bụ ndị nta akụkọ.
"Ma nke ahụ pụtara na anyị nwere ike mgbe niile iche nnukwu ichekwa ngwá agha na-eji nke anyị na-agaghị ama banyere."
Companieslọ ọrụ ndị Britain nke onwe ha na-enyere aka inye Israel ngwa agha ma ọ bụ ngwaike ndị agha gụnyere BAE Systems; Atlas Elektronik UK; MPE; Njikwa Meggitt, Penny + Giles; Ulo oru Redmayne; Okenye PLC; Land Rover; na G4S, dị ka CAAT.
Ihe ọzọ bụ, UK na-emefu ọtụtụ nde pound kwa afọ na usoro ngwá agha Israel. Elbit Systems, onye kachasi na Israel na-emepụta ogwe aka, nwere ọtụtụ enyemaka na UK, dịkwa ka ọtụtụ ndị nrụpụta ngwa agha US.
Otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ha dị na Oldham abụrụla ebe ndị nkwado Palestine na-eme ngagharị iwe n'ọnwa ndị na-adịbeghị anya.
Ọtụtụ n'ime ngwa agha ndị UK zigara Israel - gụnyere ụgbọ elu, drones, grenades, bọmbụ bọmbụ, akụ ụta na mgboagha - "bụ ụdị ogwe aka nke nwere ike iji ụdị mkpọsa bọmbụ a", dịka nkwupụta CAAT si kwuo, na-ezo aka na ogbugbu na-aga n'ihu.
"Ọ gaghị abụ oge mbụ," ka ọ gbakwụnyere.
Nyocha gọọmentị na 2014 hụrụ 12 ikikere n'ihi na ogwe aka yiri iji na afọ bombardment nke Gaza, mgbe na 2010, mgbe ahụ-Foreign Secretary David Miliband kwuru na ogwe aka mere na UK ama “ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ”Nke emere na mkpọmkpọ bọmbụ nke Israel na 2009 nke gburugburu.
"Anyị maara na ejirila ogwe aka mebere UK megide ndị Palestaịn n'oge gara aga, mana nke ahụ emeghị ihe ọ bụla iji kwụsị mmagha nke ngwa agha," Smith kwuru.
"A ga-enwerịrị nkwusio nke ngwa agha na nyocha zuru ezu ma ejirila ngwa agha UK ma ọ bụrụ na ha etinye aka na mpụ agha nwere ike."
Smith kwukwara, "Ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ ugbu a, gọọmentị ndị sochiri ekwuola maka mbọ ha na-agba maka udo, ma na-aga n'ihu na-akwado na ịkwado ndị agha Israel." "Ngwa ahịa ndị a anaghị enye naanị nkwado ndị agha, ha na-ezigakwa ihe doro anya nke nkwado ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka ọrụ na mgbochi na ime ihe ike a na-eweta."
Canada
Canada weghaara ihe ruru 0.3 pasent nke mbubata ngwa agha ndị isi nke Israel n'etiti 2009-2021, dị ka ọnụọgụ Sipri.
Jagmeet Singh nke New Democratic Party nke Canada gara aga kpọọ maka Canada ka ha kwụsị ire ahịa na Israel n'ihi ihe ndị mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.
Canada zigara Israel $ 13.7m na ngwaike ndị agha na teknụzụ na Israel na 2019, nke ruru 0.4 pasent nke mbupụ ogwe aka niile, dị ka The Globe and Mail.
