Justin Trudeau Onye Ziri Ezi
Prime Minista Canada
Ọfịs Prime Minista
80 Wellington Street Ottawa,
NA K1A 0A2
June 22, 2020
Ezigbo Prime Minister Trudeau:
Dịka onye lanarịrị Hiroshima, a kwanyere m ugwu ịnakwere Nrite Nobel Peace Prize na 2017 n'aha Mgbasa Ozi Mba Nile iji kpochapụ ngwa agha nuklia. N'ihe na-eru nso 75th ncheta nke ogbunigwe atomic nke Hiroshima na Nagasaki na August 6th na 9th, edegara m ndị isi obodo niile n'ụwa niile akwụkwọ, na-arịọ ha ka ha kwado UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuklia ngwá agha, na m na-ajụ. otu ọchịchị anyị.
Mgbe m lụchara di m, bụ́ James Thurlow, ma kwaga Canada na nke mbụ ya na 1955, m na-echekarị ihe ndị Canada tinyere aka n’imepụta bọmbụ atọm bụ́ nke kpatara, ka ọ na-erule ná ngwụsị 1945, ihe karịrị mmadụ 140,000 nwụrụ na Hiroshima, 70,000 na Nagasaki na oke mbibi na mmerụ ahụ nke m n'onwe m gbara akaebe dị ka nwa agbọghọ dị afọ iri na atọ. Ọ bụ n'ezie hell n'ụwa.
Enwere m olileanya na ị ga-enwe ike ịrịọ otu n'ime ndị na-enyere gị aka ka ọ nyochaa akwụkwọ agbakwunyere, "Canada na Atom Bomb" na ịkọrọ gị ihe dị na ya.
Isi ihe dị na akwụkwọ ahụ bụ na Canada, United States na United Kingdom - dịka ndị ha na ha jikọrọ aka n'oge agha n'oge Agha IIwa nke Abụọ - ọ bụghị nanị na ha ejikọtala mmepụta ngwa agha nkịtị. Canada bụkwa onye so na ya na Manhattan Project bụ nke mepụtara bọmbụ uranium na plutonium atom tụbara na Japan. Ntinye aka a kpọmkwem na-arụ ọrụ na ọkwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na gọọmentị Canada kachasị elu.
Mgbe Prime Minister Mackenzie King nabatara President Roosevelt na British Prime Minister Winston Churchill na Quebec City n'August nke 1943, ha bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta Quebec maka nkwonkwo mmepe nke bọmbụ atọm, Agreement - na Mackenzie King's okwu - "mere Canada nakwa a so na mmepe."
Maka ncheta 75th nke ogbunigwe atomic nke Hiroshima na Nagasaki na August 6th na 9th, ana m arịọ gị nkwanye ùgwù ka ị kweta itinye aka na Canada na ntinye aka na bọmbụ atọm abụọ ahụ wee wepụta nkwupụta ụta n'aha gọọmentị Canada maka nnukwu ihe. ọnwụ na nhụjuanya sitere na bọmbụ atọm nke bibiri obodo abụọ dị na Japan kpam kpam.
Ntinye aka gọọmentị Canada kpọmkwem (akọwara ya na akwụkwọ nyocha etinyere) nwere ihe ndị a:
—Onye ozi kacha ike nke Mackenzie King, CD Howe, Minister of Munitions and Supply, nọchitere anya Canada na kọmitii amụma jikọtara ọnụ nke e hibere iji chịkọta mbọ nkwonkwo nke United States, United Kingdom na Canada iji mepụta bọmbụ atọm.
-CJ Mackenzie, Onye isi oche nke National Research Council of Canada, nọchitere anya Canada na kọmitii teknụzụ nke kọmitii jikọtara ọnụ hibere iji hazie ọrụ ndị sayensị na-arụ ọrụ na Canada na ndị ọrụ ibe ha na United States.
— Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nnyocha Mba nke Canada haziri ma wuo ihe ndị na-emepụta ngwá agha nuklia na Laboratory Montreal ya nakwa na Chalk River, Ontario, malite na 1942 na 1944, ma ziga nchọpụta sayensị ha na Project Manhattan.
—Eldorado Gold Mines Limited malitere inye ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Britain yana ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị America na-enyocha fission nuklia na Mahadum Columbia dị na New York n’October 1939 ọtụtụ tọn uranium ore site na ogbunigwe ya dị na Great Bear Lake na Northwest Territories.
—Mgbe Enrico Fermi nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n’ịmepụta mmeghachi omume nhịahụ nuklia mbụ nke ụwa na Mahadum Chicago na Disemba 2, 1942, o jiri uranium Canada si Eldorado mee ihe.
—Na ndụmọdụ nke CJ Mackenzie na CD Howe, iwu nzuzo na Council na July 15, 1942, kenyere $4,900,000 [$75,500,000 na dollar 2020] maka Gọọmenti Canada ịzụta ngwaahịa Eldorado zuru oke iji nwee njikwa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nke ọma.
—Eldorado bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta pụrụ iche na Project Manhattan na Julaị na Disemba nke 1942 maka tọn uranium 350 na emesịa mgbakwunye 500 tọn.
-Gọọmenti Canada mere obodo Eldorado Mining and Refining Limited na Jenụwarị 1944 wee gbanwee ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ ọrụ Crown iji chekwaa uranium Canada maka ọrụ Manhattan. CD Howe kwuru na "ihe gọọmentị mere n'iweghara ụlọ ọrụ Eldorado Mining and Smelting Company bụ akụkụ nke mmemme mmepe atomic [bọmbụ]."
—Ụlọ a na-anụcha ihe nke Eldorado dị na Port Hope, Ontario, bụ nanị ebe a na-anụcha ihe dị na North America nke nwere ike nchacha ọla uranium sitere na Belgian Kongo, nke ọtụtụ n’ime ya (tinyere uranium Canada) bụ nke e ji rụpụta bọmbụ atọm Hiroshima na Nagasaki.
—Na ndụmọdụ nke CD Howe, The Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company in Trail, BC bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta na Manhattan Project na Nọvemba 1942 iji mepụta mmiri dị arọ maka ndị na-emepụta ngwá agha nuklia iji mepụta plutonium.
—Dị ka General Leslie Groves, bụ́ onyeisi ndị agha nke Manhattan Project, si dee n’akụkọ ihe mere eme ya Now It Can Be Told, “e nwere ihe dị ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Canada iri na abụọ nọ na ya.”
Mgbe a gwara Prime Minister Mackenzie King na August 6, 1945 na a tụbara bọmbụ atọm na Hiroshima, o dere n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ya "Anyị na-ahụ ugbu a ihe nwere ike ịbịara agbụrụ Britain ma ọ bụrụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị German meriri n'ọsọ ahụ [iji mepụta atom. bombu]. Ọ bụ ihe ndabara ọma na iji bọmbụ ahụ kwesịrị ịbụ ndị Japan karịa n'ọsọ ndị ọcha nke Europe."
N'August nke afọ 1998, ndị nnọchiteanya sitere na Deline, NWT, ndị na-anọchite anya ndị dinta na ndị ọnyà Dene nke Eldorado were were buru akpa nke uranium ore redioaktivu n'azụ maka ibuga n'ụlọ ọrụ refinery Eldorado dị na Port Hope gara Hiroshima ma gosipụta mwute ha maka amaghị ama ha. ọrụ na-eke atom bombu. Ọtụtụ Dene anwụọla n'onwe ha n'ihi ọrịa kansa n'ihi mkpughe ha na uranium ore, hapụ Deline obodo nta ndị di ha nwụrụ.
N'ezie, Gọọmenti Canada kwesịrị ịkwenye onwe ya maka ntinye aka Canada na ịmepụta bọmbụ atọm nke bibiri Hiroshima na Nagasaki. Ndị Canada nwere ikike ịma ka gọọmentị anyị si tinye aka na ọrụ Manhattan nke mepụtara ngwa agha nuklia mbụ n'ụwa.
Kemgbe 1988, mgbe Prime Minista Brian Mulroney rịọrọ mgbaghara na House of Commons maka ntinye nke ndị Japan-Canada n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Gọọmenti Canada anabatala ma rịọ mgbaghara maka ihe ọjọọ iri na abụọ mere eme. Ndị a gụnyere mgbaghara ndị mba mbụ maka usoro ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị Canada nke kewara ụmụntakịrị na ezinụlọ ha ma chọọ ịnapụ ha asụsụ na omenala ha.
Mịnịsta ala Mulroney rịọrọ mgbaghara maka ntinye nke ndị Ịtali dị ka "ndị iro ndị ọbịa" n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Mịnịsta ala Stephen Harper rịọrọ mgbaghara na Houselọ maka ụtụ isi ndị China nyere ndị China kwabatara n'etiti 1885 na 1923.
Gị onwe gị ekwetawo ma rịọ mgbaghara n’Ụlọ ahụ maka ihe mere Komagata Maru bụ́ nke a machibidoro ụgbọ mmiri ndị si India kwabatara na Vancouver na 1914. Y.
ị rịọkwara mgbaghara na Houselọ maka mkpebi Prime Minister Mackenzie King na 1939 ịjụ arịrịọ mgbapu sitere n'aka ihe karịrị 900 ndị Juu German gbapụrụ ndị Nazi n'ụgbọ mmiri St. Louis, 254 n'ime ha nwụrụ na Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ mgbe a manyere ha ịlaghachi na Germany. .
Ị rịọrọ mgbaghara ọzọ na Houselọ maka ịkpa oke steeti kwadoro megide nwanyị nwanyị nwere mmasị nwanyị, nwoke nwere mmasị nwoke, nwoke na nwanyị ibe ya, transgender, queer na ndị nwere mmụọ abụọ na Canada.
Eldorado wuru ihe nrịbama ciment n'ebe ebe ogbunigwe Port Radium nke na-agụ na mkpụrụedemede ukwu, "E mepegharịrị ogbunigwe a na 1942 iji nye uranium maka Project Manhattan (mmepe nke bọmbụ atọm)." Ma nke a mmata nke Canada nke mba anyị kpọmkwem òkè na atọmịk bombings nke Hiroshima na Nagasaki ka niile ma okụrede anyị mkpokọta nsụhọ.
Nna gị, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, ji obi ike wepụta mwepu nke ngwa agha nuklia America guzo na Canada. Anọ m na Mgbakọ Mgbakọ Mbụ nke UN General Assembly na Disarmament na May 26, 1978 mgbe, n'ụzọ ọhụrụ maka iwepụ ngwa agha, ọ kwadoro "atụmatụ nke ntachi obi" dị ka ụzọ isi kwụsị na ịtụgharị ọsọ ọsọ ngwa agha nuklia n'etiti United States. na Soviet Union.
O kwuru, sị: “N’ihi ya, anyị abụghị nanị mba mbụ n’ụwa nwere ikike imepụta ngwá agha nuklia nke kpebiri na anyị agaghị eme otú ahụ, “anyị bụkwa mba mbụ ji ngwá agha nuklia họrọ ịwepụ onwe ya nke ngwá agha nuklia. ” Okwu ọ na-ekwu na Nzukọ Mgbasa Ozi Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu masịrị m nke ukwuu, nweekwa obi ụtọ, ya mere enwere m olileanya na atụmatụ obi ike ya ga-eduga n'ịkwụsị ngwa agha nuklia.
Dị ka United States na Russia na-ekwupụta usoro nnyefe ngwa agha nuklia dị ize ndụ na imeziwanye ndị agha nuklia ha - yana US na-eche echiche ịmaliteghachi ule nuklia - olu ọhụrụ maka nkwụsị ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa dị mkpa.
Ị kwuputara na Canada alọghachila na diplomacy mba ụwa. Ememe ncheta 75th nke na-abịaru nso nke bọmbụ atọm nke Hiroshima na Nagasaki na August 6th na 9th ga-abụ oge kwesịrị ekwesị iji kweta ọrụ dị oke egwu Canada na ịmepụta ngwá agha nuklia, kwupụta nkwupụta nke ịkwa ụta maka ọnwụ na nhụjuanya ha kpatara na Hiroshima na Nagasaki. , nakwa na-ekwupụta na Canada ga-akwado UN Treaty na mmachibido nke ngwá agha nuklia.
Ezigbo onye nke gị,
Setsuko Thurlow
CM, MSW
