UK Parliament tsab ntawv qhia txog yuav ua li cas NATO tus 2011 ua tsov ua rog nyob rau Libya yog raws li lies

British kev tshawb nrhiav: Gaddafi tsis mus rau kev tua neeg; Western bombing ua Islamist extremism zuj zus

Los ntawm Ben Norton, salon

"Libya: Ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab cev qhuav dej thiab lub UK txoj cai xaiv tsa yav tom ntej," a kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm lub tsev ntawm Commons 'bipartisan Foreign Affairs Committee, xav condemns UK lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tsov rog, uas toppled tsoom fwv ntawm Libya tus thawj coj Muammar Qaddafi thiab plunged North African lub teb chaws mus rau chaos.

"Peb tau pom tsis muaj pov thawj tias Tsoomfwv Lub Tebchaws tau siv ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam hauv Libya," tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais. "Tswvyim lub tswv yim tau tsim los ntawm kev xav yuam kev thiab kev nkag siab tsis meej ntawm cov pov thawj."

Cov Thawj Coj Ua Haujlwm Txawv Tebchaws pom tias British tsoom fwv "ua tsis tau paub tias qhov kev hem thawj rau cov pej xeem tau tshaj tawm thiab hais tias cov neeg fav xeeb muaj ib qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Islamic keeb."

Lub Libya tshawb, uas tau pib nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj 2015, raws li ntau tshaj li ib xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev xam phaj nrog cov tswj kav, kev kawm, cov neeg sau xov xwm thiab ntau dua. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm, uas tau tso tawm rau lub Cuaj hli. 14, qhia txog cov hauv qab no:

• Qaddafi tsis npaj siab tua neeg. Qhov tswvyim hais ua dabneeg no yog ua rau cov neeg tawm tsam thiab cov nom tswv hauv tebchaws sab nraud muaj kev txhawb zog, uas yog lawv qhov kev cuam tshuam rau me ntsis kev txawj ntse.
• Cov kev hem thawj ntawm Islamist extremists, uas muaj ib lub zog loj hauv kev sawv ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam, raug kev poob siab - thiab NATO kev sib tsoo ua qhov kev hem ntxim nyaum heev, muab ISIS puag hauv North Africa.
• Fabkis, uas pib ua tub rog kev cuam tshuam, tau kev txhawb los ntawm kev siv nyiaj txiag thiab kev tswj hwm, tsis yog tib neeg.
• Kev tawm tsam - uas yog kev nruj kev tsiv, tsis muaj kev thaj yeeb - puas yuav tsis tau muaj kev vam meej yog nws tsis yog rau cov tub rog txawv teb chaws thiab pab. Tshaj tawm txawv teb chaws, Qatar Al Jazeera thiab Saudi Arabia lub Al Arabiya, kuj kis tsis xaiv txog ntawm Qaddafi thiab Libyan tsoom fwv.
• NATO bombing plunged Libya rau hauv ib humanitarian teeb meem, tua txhiab tus neeg thiab displacement 175,000 txhiab ntxiv, transforming Libya los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas lub teb chaws nrog cov txuj ci siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev ua tsov ua rog uas ua tsis tau zoo xeev.

Tswvyim hais tias Qaddafi yuav tua pejxeem thiab tsis muaj kev ntseeg

"Txawm tias nws cov lus hais, lub tswv yim hais tias Muammar Gaddafi xav tau kom lub tua neeg ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Benghazi tsis tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov pov thawj uas muaj pov thawj," Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Txawv Tebchaws tau hais meej.

"Thaum Muammar Gaddafi yeej raug teeb meem rau kev ua phem rau cov neeg uas tau siv twj caj npab tawm tsam nws txoj cai, qhov no tsis yog txhais kom raug kev hem thawj rau txhua tus neeg hauv Benghazi," tsab ntawv qhia ntxiv. "Hauv ntej, qhov ntsuas ntawm kev hem thawj rau cov pej xeem raug nthuav tawm nrog kev tsis ncaj ncees."

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm tseem sau tseg tias kev ua tsov rog "tsis tau qhia los ntawm kev txawj ntse raug." Nws hais ntxiv, "Cov kws lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws Asmeskas tau tshaj tawm piav qhia qhov kev cuam tshuam yog 'kev txiav txim siab txog kev txawj ntse.'"

Qhov yoov no nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm cov nom tswv cov nuj nqis liam hauv cov txheej txheem-mus rau NATO kev sib tsoo. Tom qab tsausmuag tawm tsam nyob rau hauv Libya lub ob hlis ntuj, thiab Benghazi - Libya tus thib ob-loj tshaj plaws lub nroog - raug coj tawm rebels, exiled txheem lus piv txwv li Soliman Bouchuiguir, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm cov European-raws Libyan League rau Human Rights,thov tias, yog tias Qaddafi retook lub nroog, "Yuav muaj cov ntshav tiag tiag, tua pov tseg zoo li peb tau pom hauv Rwanda."

Tsoomfwv Lub Tsev Hais Plaub daim ntawv tshaj tawm, txawm li cas los, sau ntawv tias cov Libyan tsoom fwv tau rov qab zos los ntawm rebels nyob rau thaum ntxov Lub ob hlis ntuj 2011, ua ntej NATO pib nws cov cua tawm phiaj los nqis tes, thiab Qaddafi lub zog tsis tau tawm tsam civilians.

Nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 17, 2011, tsab ntawv ceeb toom tawm - ob hnub ua ntej NATO pib kev sib tsoo - Qaddafi hais rau rebels hauv Benghazi, "Txav koj cov riam phom, raws li koj cov kwv tij nyob hauv Ajdabiya thiab lwm qhov chaw ua. Lawv tso lawv tej caj npab thiab lawv nyob nyab xeeb. Peb yeej tsis tau caum lawv txhua txhia tus. "

Lub Rooj Sab Laj Thoob Ntoo Thoob Ntiaj Teb ntxiv hais tias, thaum Libyan tsoom fwv cov tub rog rov qab rau hauv lub zos ntawm Ajdabiya thaum Lub Ob Hlis, lawv tsis tua cov pej xeem. Qaddafi "kuj sim mus hais rau cov neeg tawm tsam hauv Benghazi nrog ib qho kev pab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob pab ua ntej thaum kawg deploying pab tub rog," tsab ntawv tshaj tawm ntxiv.

Nyob rau lwm qhov, tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais tias, tom qab sib ntaus sib tua rau Lub Ob Hlis thiab Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj hauv Misrata - Libya lub nroog thib peb lub nroog, uas tau raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg ntxeev siab - nyob ze ntawm 1 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg tua los ntawm Libyan tsoom fwv tau poj niam los yog cov me nyuam.

"Qhov tsis sib txig ntawm cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam lam tau lam hais tias Gaddafi tsoom fwv cov tub rog tsom cov txiv neej sib ntaus sib tua hauv kev tsov kev rog thiab tsis indiscriminately tua civilians," lub committee hais.

Cov tub ceev xwm British tau tuaj nyob hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv Parliament tsis lawv xav tias Qaddafi qhov kev nqis tes ua, thiab qhov no tsuas yog hu ua tub rog tiv thaiv hauv Libya los ntawm nws cov lus hais.

Nyob rau hauv Lub Ob Hlis, Qaddafi muab ib tug rhuab hais lus hem cov neeg fav xeeb uas tau coj cov nroog loj dua. Nws hais tias "lawv yog cov me me" thiab "ib tug neeg ua phem," thiab hu lawv tias "nas" uas yog "xa mus rau Libya rau cov thawj coj ntawm Zawahiri thiab Bin Laden," referring cov thawj coj ntawm al-Qaeda.

Thaum kawg nws hais lus, Qaddafi tau cog lus tias "yuav tsum ntxuav Libya, nti ntawm nti, tsev los ntawm tsev, lub tsev los ntawm tsev, txoj kev ua qoob loo ntawm cov neeg fav xeeb. Muaj ntau cov ntawv xov xwm hauv Western Media, txawm li cas los xij, los yog tshaj qhia tawm tias nws cov lus hais yog txhais tau hais tias yog kev hem thawj rau txhua tus neeg tawm tsam. Ib tug Israeli journalist nrov txoj kab no los ntawm kev xa mus rau ib zaj nkauj hu ua "Zenga, Zenga" (Arabic rau "alleyway"). YouTube video featuring kev hais lus remixed tau thoob thoob ntiaj teb.

Pawg Hwm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws tau sau tseg rau hauv nws tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais tias, tam sim no, cov tub ceev xwm British tau muaj "tsis muaj kev txawj ntse txawj ntse." William Hague, uas yog tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm lub teb chaws rau lub teb chaws thiab tsoom fwv teb chaws thaum lub sij hawm ua rog hauv Libya, committee uas Qaddafi tau cog lus tias "mus tsev mus tsev, chav rau chav, hais tias lawv cov kev thuam ntawm cov neeg ntawm Benghazi," ntxias Qaddafi hais lus. Nws ntxiv, "Muaj ntau tus neeg tau tuag."

"Vim tias tsis muaj kev txawj ntse txawj ntse, tus Tswv Hague thiab Dr Fox tau qhia txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm Muammar Gaddafi's rhetoric rau lawv kev txiav txim siab," tsab ntawv ceeb toom qhia, tseem referencing ces-Secretary of State rau Defence Liam Fox.

George Joffé, ib tug kws ntawv ntawm King's College London University thiab ib tug kws tshaj lij nyob rau Middle East thiab North Africa, tau hais rau Pawg Txawv Teb Chaws Thaj Tsam rau nws txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tias, thaum Qaddafi qee zaum siv cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg hais tias "yog heev ntshav-curdling," piv txwv yav dhau los qhov ntev Libyan tus thawj coj yog "ceev faj heev" kom tsis txhob pej xeem casualties.

Nyob rau hauv ib qho teeb meem, Joffé tau sau tseg hais tias, "es tsis txhob ua kom tshem tawm cov kev hem thawj rau tsoom fwv nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, hauv Cyrenaica, Gaddafi siv 6 lub hlis sim kom pacify cov pab pawg neeg uas nyob ntawd."

Qaddafi "xav tau ceev faj txog qhov tseeb teb," Joffé said nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv tshaj tawm. "Kev ntshai ntawm kev tua neeg ntawm kev tua neeg yog vastly overstated."

Alison Pargeter, tus kws tshawb fawb qib siab ntawm Royal United Services Institute thiab tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Libya uas tseem tau xam phaj rau qhov kev tshawb nrhiav, pom zoo nrog Joffé. Nws hais rau pawg saib xyuas haujlwm tias tsis muaj "pov thawj tseeb nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd uas Gaddafi tab tom npaj yuav tua neeg pov tseg rau nws cov pej xeem."

"Émigrés opposed Muammar Gaddafi exploited unrest rau Libya los ntawm overstating cov kev hem thawj rau civilians thiab txhawb Western powers los cuam tshuam," tsab ntawv ceeb toom qhia, xaus Joffé tus tsom.

Pargeter ntxiv hais tias Libyans uas tawm tsam tsoomfwv exaggerated Qaddafi kev siv "mercenaries" - ib lub sij hawm lawv feem ntau siv raws li ib tug synonym rau Libyans ntawm Sub-Saharan los ntawm caj npab. Pargeter tau hais tias Libyans tau hais rau nws tias, "Cov Africans yuav los. Lawv yuav mus tua peb. Gaddafi tus xa Africans rau hauv txoj kev. Lawv raug tua peb tsev neeg. "

"Kuv xav tias qhov ntawd yog qhov ntau dhau heev lawm," Pargeter hais. Qhov kev ntseeg no tau ua rau kom muaj kev nruj kev tsiv heev. Dub Libyans kuj raug kev tsim txom oppressed los ntawm Libyan rebels. Lub Koom Haum Xov Xwm qhia nyob rau lub Cuaj hlis 2011, "Rebel forces thiab armed civilians yog kwv yees li txhiab txhiab tus dub Libyans thiab cov neeg tsiv ntawm sub-Sahara Africa." Nws tau sau tseg tias, "Txhua tus neeg kaw neeg hais tias lawv yog cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis muaj txim.

(Cov teeb meem txhaum cai tawm tsam cov neeg Asmeskas tau ua phem tawm tsam Libians yuav ua rau kev mob loj zuj zus ntxiv nyob rau hauv 2012, muaj lus tshaj tawm tias cov neeg Dub Libians muab tso rau hauv tawb los ntawm rebels, thiab yuam kom noj chij. Raws li Salon muaj yav dhau los qhia, Human Rights Watch tseemceeb toom nyob rau hauv 2013 ntawm "kev ua txhaum loj thiab tsis tu ncua tib neeg txoj cai ua txhaum cov pej xeem hauv lub nroog Tawergha, uas tau pom zoo tias muaj kev txhawb nqa Muammar Gaddafi." Tawergha cov pej xeem muaj feem ntau xeeb ntawm cov tub qhe dub thiab cov neeg pluag heev. Human Rights Watch qhia tias cov neeg Falis cov tub rog tau coj tawm "yuam kev xa tawm ntawm 40,000 neeg, raug txim, tsim txom, thiab kev tua yog thoob plaws, tsim kev lag luam, thiab tsim nyog txaus ua txhaum rau tib neeg."

Nyob rau hauv Lub Xya Hli 2011, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm Tuam Thawj Fwm Mark Toner lees paub qhov Qaddafi yog "ib tug neeg uas tau muab rhuav tshem", tab sis, thaum Lub Ob Hlis, Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws siv kev sib ntaus sib tua no.

Tus Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Cov Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws tau sau tseg rau hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm, txawm tias tsis muaj kev txawj ntse, "Tsoomfwv Tsoomfwv Tsoomfwv tau tswj xyuas tshwj xeeb rau kev ua tub rog" raws li kev tsim nyob rau hauv Libya, tsis saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev sib tw.

Qhov no zoo ib yam ceeb toom los ntawm The Washington Times, uas pom tias Qaddafi tus tub Saif tau cia siab mus sib tham nrog kev ywj pheej nrog tsoomfwv Meskas. Saif Qaddafi ntsiag to qhib kev sib txuas lus nrog cov Thawj Tsav Xwm ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm, tab sis tom qab ntawd -Cov Secretary of State Hillary Clinton cuam tshuam thiab nug tus Pentagon kom txhob tham nrog lub Libyan tsoom fwv. "Secretary Clinton tsis xav sib tham nyob rau txhua qhov," ib tug neeg teb xov xwm hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas hais rau Saif.

Nyob rau hauv lub Peb Hlis, Tus Secretary Clinton tau muaj hu ua Muammar Qaddafi yog ib tug "zeej" "leej twg tsis paub thiab yuav hem ib tus neeg hauv nws txoj kev." Clinton, uas tau ntaus ib kev ua haujlwm hauv kev thawb rau NATO kev sib tsoo ntawm Libya, thov Qaddafi yuav ua "phem yam" yog nws tsis nres.

Txij thaum Lub Peb Hlis mus rau Lub Kaum Hli 2011, NATO tau tawm tsam kev sib tsoo tawm tsam Libyan tsoomfwv cov rog. Nws hais tias yuav tsum nrhiav kev pabcuam rau humanitarian los tiv thaiv cov pej xeem. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj, Qaddafi raug tua pov tseg - ntxaug nrog ib tug neeg khav theeb. (Thaum hnov ​​lub xov xwm ntawm nws qhov kev tuag, Secretary Clinton tau tshaj tawm, nyob hauv TV, "Peb tuaj, peb pom, nws tuag!")

Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Cov Lus Tshaj Tawm Tshaj Tawm tshaj tawm tias, dua li, tias, thaum NATO kev cuam tshuam tau muag raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm tib neeg, nws lub hom phiaj zoo kawg nkaus tau ua tiav ib hnub.

Thaum lub Peb Hlis 20, 2011, Qaddafi cov rog rov qab los txog 40 mais sab nraum Benghazi, tom qab Fabkis txoj kev tawm tsam rov los. "Yog hais tias tus thawj lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev koom tes pabcuam yog qhov yuav tsum tau ceev ceev los tiv thaiv cov neeg nyob rau hauv Benghazi, ces lub hom phiaj no tau ua tiav tsawg tshaj 24 cov sijhawm," tsab ntawv ceeb toom qhia. Tiam sis cov tub rog kev cuam tshuam nqa ob peb lub hlis ntxiv.

Tsab ntawv ceeb toom piav tias "kev tiv thaiv tsis txaus los tiv thaiv cov pej xeem tau hloov mus rau txoj cai tswj kev hloov ntawm tsoom fwv." Qhov no pom tau los ntawm Micah Zenko, tus thawj coj loj hauv lub Council on Foreign Relations. Zenko siv NATO cov ntaub ntawv rau qhia tau tias hais tias "qhov kev pabcuam rau Libyan yog hais txog tsoomfwv hloov los ntawm qhov pib heev."

Nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev tshawb nrhiav, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Txawv Teb Chaws yuav hais txog Lub Xya hli ntuj 2011 Amnesty International daim ntawv qhia, uas tau sau tseg tias "ntau qhov chaw tshaj tawm xov xwm thoob ntiaj teb tau ua los ntawm qhov pib tau nthuav dav heev ntawm cov logic ntawm cov xwm txheej, nthuav tawm kev tawm tsam kev ywj pheej raws li txoj kev thaj yeeb thiab pheej xav hais tias tsoom fwv qhov kev ruaj ntseg rog tau ua tsis ncaj nraim rau kev tawm tsam uas tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg kev sib tw. "

Tsab ntawv xub pom ntawm Salon: http://www.salon.com/2016/09/16/uk-public-report-details-how-natos-2011-war-in-libya-was-based-on-lies/ #