Fabkis Armée de l'Air et de l'Espace Atlas thauj dav hlau. Peb daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm EU CO2 emissions pom tias Fabkis yog ib qho tseem ceeb emitter, ua tsaug rau nws cov tub rog loj thiab kev ua haujlwm. Credit: Armée de l'Air et de l'Espace/Olivier Ravenel
By Kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab ib puag ncig Observatory, Ob Hlis 23, 2021
Cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm EU cov tub rog sector yog qhov tseem ceeb - tub rog thiab kev lag luam uas txhawb nqa lawv yuav tsum ua ntau dua los sau lawv cov emissions.
Cov tub rog feem ntau raug zam los ntawm kev tshaj tawm pej xeem tshaj tawm lawv cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom (GHG) thiab tam sim no tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm pej xeem ntawm GHG emissions rau lub teb chaws tub rog ntawm European Union. Raws li cov neeg siv khoom fossil fuels siab, thiab nrog kev siv tub rog ntawm kev nce ntxiv, kev tshuaj xyuas ntau dua thiab txo qis lub hom phiaj uas suav nrog GHG emissions los ntawm tub rog yog xav tau. Stuart Parkinson thiab Linsey Cottrell qhia lawv cov ntawv tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no, uas tshuaj xyuas cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm EU tub rog sector.
Introduction
Kev daws teebmeem kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv los ntawm txhua qhov haujlwm, suav nrog cov tub rog. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2020, Lub Rooj Sib Tham thiab Ib Cheeb Tsam Saib Xyuas Ib Cheeb Tsam (CEOBS) thiab Cov Kws Tshawb Fawb Txog Lub Luag Haujlwm Thoob Ntiaj Teb (SGR) tau commissioned los ntawm Pawg Sab laug hauv European Parliament (GUE/NGL) txhawm rau ua qhov kev soj ntsuam dav dav ntawm cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm EU tub rog, suav nrog ob lub teb chaws tub rog, thiab tub rog kev lag luam thev naus laus zis raws li EU. Txoj kev tshawb no tseem saib cov cai tswj kev txo cov pa roj carbon emissions tub rog.
SGR tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv tshaj tawm txog kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ntawm lub UK tub rog sector nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 2020, uas kwv yees cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm UK tub rog thiab muab piv rau qhov no rau cov duab luam tawm los ntawm UK Ministry of Defense. Ib txoj kev zoo sib xws rau qhov uas siv rau SGR's UK tsab ntawv ceeb toom tau siv los kwv yees cov pa roj carbon hneev taw rau EU tub rog.
Kev kwv yees cov pa roj carbon footprint
Txhawm rau kwv yees cov pa roj carbon hneev taw, cov ntaub ntawv muaj tau siv los ntawm tsoomfwv thiab kev lag luam los ntawm rau lub tebchaws EU loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv tub rog, thiab EU tag nrho. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog li ntawd tsom mus rau Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Netherlands, Poland thiab Spain. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kuj tau tshuaj xyuas cov cai thiab kev ntsuas tam sim no tab tom nrhiav kom txo cov tub rog GHG emissions hauv EU, thiab lawv yuav ua tau zoo.
Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj, cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm EU tub rog siv nyiaj hauv 2019 tau kwv yees kwv yees li 24.8 lab tCO.2e.1 Qhov no yog sib npaug rau xyoo CO2 emissions ntawm kwv yees li 14 lab lub tsheb nruab nrab tab sis suav hais tias yog kev kwv yees kev saib xyuas, muab cov ntaub ntawv ntau yam teeb meem uas peb tau txheeb xyuas. Qhov no piv nrog cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm UK cov tub rog siv nyiaj hauv 2018 uas tau kwv yees ntawm 11 lab tCO2e ua ntej SGR daim ntawv qhia.
Nrog rau kev siv tub rog ntau tshaj plaws hauv EU,2 Fabkis tau pom tias yuav pab nyiaj kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov pa roj carbon hneev taw rau EU cov tub rog. Ntawm cov tuam txhab tub rog thev naus laus zis ua haujlwm hauv EU uas tau tshuaj xyuas, PGZ (raws li hauv tebchaws Poland), Airbus, Leonardo, Rheinmetall, thiab Thales raug txiav txim siab kom muaj GHG ntau tshaj plaws. Qee lub koom haum tub rog thev naus laus zis tsis tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv GHG emissions rau pej xeem, suav nrog MBDA, Hensoldt, KMW, thiab Nexter.
Transparency thiab tshaj tawm
Txhua lub xeev EU cov tswvcuab yog koom nrog UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), nyob rau hauv uas lawv yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm GHG emissions inventory txhua xyoo. Kev ruaj ntseg hauv teb chaws feem ntau raug suav hais tias yog vim li cas rau kev tsis pab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tub rog emissions rau UNFCCC. Txawm li cas los xij, muab cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no ntawm cov txuj ci, nyiaj txiag thiab ib puag ncig cov ntaub ntawv tau tshaj tawm rau pej xeem, qhov no yog qhov kev sib cav tsis txaus ntseeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim ntau lub tebchaws EU twb tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm tub rog.
| EU lub teb chaws | Tub rog GHG emissions (qhia tawm)a MtCO2e |
Carbon footprint (kwv yees)b MtCO2e |
|---|---|---|
| Fabkis | Tsis qhia | 8.38 |
| Lub teb chaws Yelemees | 0.75 | 4.53 |
| Ltalis | 0.34 | 2.13 |
| Netherlands | 0.15 | 1.25 |
| Poland | Tsis qhia | Cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus |
| Spain | 0.45 | 2.79 |
| EU tag nrho (27 lub tebchaws) | 4.52 | 24.83 |
| ib. 2018 cov nuj nqis raws li tau tshaj tawm rau UNFCCC. b. 2019 cov nuj nqis raws li kwv yees los ntawm CEOBS / SGR tsab ntawv ceeb toom. |
Tam sim no muaj ntau lub tswv yim los tshawb xyuas thiab txhawb nqa kev txav mus los txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tub rog, suav nrog cov phiaj xwm thoob ntiaj teb tsim los ntawm European Defense Agency thiab NATO. Piv txwv li, European External Action Service (EEAS) tau tshaj tawm Kev Hloov Kho Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Txoj Cai hauv Kaum ib hlis 2020, uas tau teeb tsa cov kev ntsuas luv luv, nruab nrab thiab ntev rau kev daws cov teeb meem no, suav nrog kev txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem nyuaj rau ntsuas lawv cov txiaj ntsig yam tsis muaj GHG emission qhia tag nrho nyob rau hauv qhov chaw lossis luam tawm. Ntau qhov tseem ceeb, tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov phiaj xwm no xav txog kev hloov pauv rau cov cai ntawm cov tub rog cov qauv ua ib txoj hauv kev los txo qis emissions. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm tau ploj mus, piv txwv li, rau kev cog lus tshem riam phom los pab daws cov pa phem los ntawm kev txo qis kev yuav khoom, xa tawm, thiab siv cov cuab yeej ua tub rog.
Ntawm 27 EU Cov Tswv Cuab, 21 kuj yog tswv cuab ntawm NATO.3 Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws NATO tau lees paub qhov xav tau ntawm NATO thiab cov tub rog los pab txhawb kom ncav cuag cov pa roj carbon emissions los ntawm 2050 hauv kev hais lus hauv Cuaj hlis 2020. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nyuaj siab los txhawb kev siv tub rog kom ntaus NATO lub hom phiaj yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub hom phiaj no. Tseeb tiag, qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov pa tawm hauv cov haujlwm no txhais tau hais tias tsis muaj leej twg paub tias cov tub rog carbon emissions poob los yog tsis. Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb yog li no rau cov tswv cuab hauv lub xeev los xam cov pa roj carbon hneev taw tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv cov tub rog thiab tom qab ntawd tshaj tawm cov duab no. Qhov nyuaj dua yuav yaum txhua tus tswvcuab los ua cov haujlwm zoo sib xws ntawm huab cua thiab txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide thaum cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug thoob plaws lub tebchaws.
Yuav tsum ua
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm CEOBS/SGR tau txheeb xyuas ntau qhov tseem ceeb. Tshwj xeeb, peb tau sib cav tias qhov kev tshuaj xyuas sai yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov tswv yim kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb los tshuaj xyuas lub peev xwm los txo cov kev xa tawm ntawm tub rog - thiab yog li txo qis GHG emissions hauv txoj hauv kev tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab los ntawm tsoomfwv hauv EU (lossis lwm qhov. ). Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no yuav tsum suav nrog kev tsom mus rau 'kev nyab xeeb ntawm tib neeg' cov hom phiaj - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub siab, piv txwv li, tsis ntev los no kev tsis saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig qhov tseem ceeb tau ua rau muaj nuj nqis loj rau tib neeg vim nws tawm tsam nrog COVID-19 kev sib kis thiab huab cua kub ceev.
Peb kuj tau sib cav tias txhua lub tebchaws EU yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv tebchaws ntawm GHG emissions ntawm lawv cov tub rog thiab tub rog kev lag luam thev naus laus zis raws li kev coj ua, thiab kev tshaj tawm yuav tsum yog pob tshab, zoo ib yam thiab sib piv. Kev thov lub hom phiaj yuav tsum tau teeb tsa rau kev txo qis ntawm cov tub rog GHG emissions - raws li 1.5oQib C tau teev tseg hauv Paris Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog cov hom phiaj rau kev hloov mus rau lub zog tauj dua tshiab los ntawm cov phiaj xwm hauv tebchaws thiab kev nqis peev hauv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, nrog rau cov phiaj xwm txo qis rau kev lag luam tub rog. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev ntsuas no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los ua ib txoj hauv kev zam kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev ruaj ntseg thiab tub rog txoj cai.
Tsis tas li ntawd, vim tias EU cov tub rog tub rog yog tus tswv av loj tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe, cov tub rog-tswj thaj av yuav tsum tau tswj kom zoo dua ob qho tib si los txhim kho carbon sequestration thiab biodiversity, nrog rau siv los tsim lub zog tauj dua tshiab hauv qhov tsim nyog.
Nrog rau kev tshaj tawm rau #BuildBackBetter tom qab COVID-19 kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, yuav tsum muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua rau cov tub rog kom ntseeg tau tias lawv cov dej num ua tau raws li UN cov hom phiaj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov hom phiaj biodiversity.
Koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntawv tshaj tawm tag nrho no.
Stuart Parkinson yog Thawj Coj Thawj Coj ntawm SGR thiab Linsey Cottrell yog Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Ib puag ncig ntawm CEOBS. Peb ua tsaug rau GUE/NGL uas commissioned tsab ntawv ceeb toom.
