Los ntawm Jon Letman, tus saib xyuas
Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem ua rau tus kheej qeeg hauv cov xuab zeb dawb, lossis dej ntws hauv dej aquamarine tawm Ritidian Point, cov qaum teb ntawm Guam, lub Pacific Island thaj chaw "qhov twg Ameskas pib hnub".
Nws yog ib qho kev tawm tsam, tab sis cia li tawm ntawm qhov pom, zais qab siab limestone cliffs, lubAsmeskas cov tub rog yog npaj rau kev ua tsov ua rog.
Yog hais tias tensions zog ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas thiab Suav teb los yog North Kauslim tau muab rhaub rau hauv kev ua tub rog, cov tub rog Asmeslivkas ntawm no yuav yog thawj tus paub: Guam yog ze li ntawm South Choj thiab Keeb Keeb Keeb Tsav Xwm.
Cov kob yog ib lub tebchaws uas tsis yog tswj yus tus kheej - los yog qee tus neeg muab nws, ib pawg neeg twg - uas qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov qhia tias nws yog militarized.
Roog 28% ntawm cov kob yog nyob ntawm cov tub rog, thiab ntau tus 165,000 inhabitants ntshai tsam Guam 's cov vaj tse yuav raug ntxhov siab yog tias kev pab them nqi mus tom ntej kom ze rau ob npaug rau US cov tub rog qub.
Rau txhiab Asmeskas cov tub rog tub rog tam sim no nyob rau ntawm cov kob, tiam sis txoj kev npaj ncua ntev ntev yuav ntxiv rau 5,000 marines ntxiv (ob feem peb ntawm cov kev sib hloov) thiab 1,300 cov neeg laus pib hauv 2022.
"Zaj dab neeg ntawm militarization rau Guam yog inseparable los ntawm zaj dab neeg ntawm colonization," hais tias tib neeg tus kws lij choj Julian Aguon nyob rau hauv nws chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Hagåtña, kob lub peev.
"Ua siab ncaj, nws nyuaj rau teb rau cov nqe lus nug ntawm cov tub rog ua rau tib neeg nyob rau hauv Guam vim nws txoj kev loj dhau. Cov tub rog-industrial complex yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov viav vias ntawm no. "
Cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho dua tshiab ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv yog tsim los txo cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv Okinawa Japanese kob, qhov twg muaj kev tsiv tawm tsam rau US cov tub rog. Nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, qee cov neeg tawm tsam 65,000 hu rau qhov kaw ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas hauv paus ntawm cov Japanese kob.
Tab sis thaum Omega tsawg tsawg tus tuaj yeem txais tos rau Okinawa, tsis yog txhua tus neeg nyob rau hauv Guam yog xav ua kom pom kev sib koom tes.
"Tus tshaj plaws yog, nws tsis txo lub zog, nws tsuas yog hloov nws qhov chaw lwm qhov - qhov no rau Guam," said Dr Vivian Dames, tus tswv tsev ntawm Beyond the Fence, ib Guam Public Radio xov tooj uas tshuaj xyuas cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm US cov tub rog.
"Peb tsis yog Okinawa, peb tsis yog ib lub teb chaws, peb tsis yog lub xeev. Peb tau ua ib pawg neeg Asmelikas txij thaum 1898 thiab neeg Amelikas txij thaum 1950. Yog li, txoj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov pej xeem zej zog nrog rau cov tub rog yog ib qho nyuaj thiab cuam tshuam heev thiab tsis sib haum, "Dames said.
"Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev ua rau los yog tawm tsam qhov kev tsim," nws hais.
Tom qab Tsoomfwv Meskas tau yuam kev ntawm Nyab Laj los ntawm Guam nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov 1944, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau lees tias lub luag hauj lwm ntawm liberator, tau txais kev qhuas thiab kev npau taws uas niaj hnub no tshwm sim: Guam qhov chaw ua tub rog tseem nyob ntawm lub teb chaws siab tshaj plaws.
Tebchaws Meskas kuj seized av rau nws tus kheej siv. Sab qab teb, Naval Base Guam yog qhov chaw nres nkoj mus rau plaub lub vas nthiv dej nuclear submarines thiab cov tub ceev xwm ncaws tub rog. Nyob ze, tus Naval Ordnance Annex npog 18,000 daim av. Cov kob tseem yog lub tsev rau Naval Computer thiab Chaw Thauj Khoom Kev Lag Luam thiab Nroog Region Marianas lub hauv paus, uas saib xyuas kev 984,000-square-mile kev soj ntsuam thiabkev kawm nyob hluav taws cheeb tsam.
Nyob rau sab qaum teb, Andersen lub zog quab yuam lub tsev nyob hauv tsev nruam bomber kuaj pom thiab Bomber kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev xyuam xim, xws li rau B-52s uas cov cua phem hais tias "muaj peev xwm thoob ntiaj teb txoj kev tawm tsam [los] tawm tsam cov neeg muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab pab txhawb nqa cov phoojywg".
Ib luv luv dhau los dhau ib qho laj kab-tawm wilderness ntawm invasive tangan-tangan ntoo, adavhlau ya nyob twg high-altitude qhov chaw tiv thaiv (THAAD) missile tiv thaiv roj teeb tau deployed hauv 2013. Tsis ntev los no, North Kauslim tau thov nws ua tau strike US Pacific basesthiab Tuam Tshoj tau tsim ib lub missile hu ua "Guam Killer".
Rau qee cov neeg Guam cov neeg, cov mais ntawm rab phom-xaim puag ncig ntawm lub hauv paus yog qhov chaw ntawm kev tsis txaus siab - thiab ib qho kev ceeb toom ntawm cov tub rog Asmeskas cov kev tswj kav.
"Koj yuav tsum to taub txog kev xav ntawm lub ntsej muag," hais tias Hope Cristobal, yog ib tug neeg yawg nyob hauv Guam cov Legislature. "Muaj barricade qhia koj, sab nraud, tsis txais tos tuaj."
Lwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsis txaus siab muaj xws li cov kev kawm cais (cov menyuam ntawm cov tub rog ua tub rog mus rau Department of Defence-khiav tsev kawm ntawv), xyoo kaum xyoo, kev pabcuam nyiaj tub rog uas cov neeg sib tw hais tsis ncaj nceeg vaj tsev thiab nqi vaj tse, nqi luv nqi rau zaub mov, thiab lwm yam khoom siv (nrog rau cov neeg ua tub rog), ib puag ncig thaj tsam thiab txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau tsoomfwv ntiag tug, pej xeem thiab thaj chaw.
Tiam sis thaum qee cov neeg tuaj yeem ua rau cov tub rog tsis tuaj yeem, ntau tus neeg hauv Guam cov lag luam hais tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov kob tom ntej.
"Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab hais tias raws li kev ua lag luam kev ua lag luam, Guam lub siab heev. Peb yeej tsuas muaj tourism thiab cov tub rog - thiab peb xav tau ob leeg, "hais Jeff Jones, tus thawj coj ntawm Guam Chamber of Commerce lub tub rog.
Zoo ib yam li lwm cov neeg txhawb nqa, Jones hais tias Guam cov tub rog tsis tuaj yeem muab kev ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj khov, nws coj nyiaj ncaj qha rau nyiaj txiag ua haujlwm thiab Tshooj 30 cov nyiaj (tshaj $ 100m ib xyoos ib zaug), uas yog cov tub rog-tsim cov nyiaj se tau hloov mus rau Guam.
Hauv email, Jones taw rau yuav luag $ 250m nyob rau hauv cov tub rog txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li cov tub rog cia igloos, keb soj ntsuam drone hangars, chaw sib txuas lus satellite thiab cov chaw ntiav neeg ua haujlwm (cov tub rog txhim kho hu rau kev tsim 535 ib tsev neeg nyob hauv tsev thiab muaj kaum tus tshiab lub tsev loj. )).
Raws li Jones hais, Guam cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws suav nrog kev ua haujlwm, kev kawm, kev khwv nyiaj txiag, kev noj qab haus huv, kev ua txhaum thiab kev tsim kho. Jones hais tias "qhov kev txhim kho tsis txawm nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov neeg pov npav qhov kev txhawj xeeb," Jones hais.
Tab sis cov kws lij choj tau piav qhia txog Guam txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tub rog yog kev cia siab rau, kev sib cav txog cov tub rog yog ib lub zog uas sau cov nyom ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab tus kheej ntawm kev lis kev cai.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tub rog yog ib txwm muaj ntau tiam, ntau lub sijhawm ntawm ntau cov neeg Guam cov tsev neeg.
Txhua xyoo nyob rau 21 Lub Xya Hli, muaj neeg coob ntawm Guam cov neeg tuaj sib sau ua ke Hagatna 's Marine Corps Drive (pauv npe los ntawm Marine Drive hauv 2004) rau kev ua yeeb yam kom lom zem Guam txhua xyoo Kev ywj pheej Hnub thiab hwm cov tub rog.
"Peb yeej ib txwm muaj tub rog nyob," said Guam tus tsim cai hais lus, Judith Won Pat, uas muaj cov txheeb ze nyob hauv txhua ceg ntawm cov tub rog pabcuam. “[Tub rog] tau nkag siab rau peb cov zej zog, hauv peb lub neej. Nws yog qhov xwm txheej thib ob rau txhua tus. "
Ntawm Guam, cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm pab tub rog, pab tub rog, thiab huab cua txhua qhov tsis pom zoo xav kom xam phaj, tab sis hauv email, US Pacific tus thawj coj ntawm tsoomfwv tshaj tawm yawg Cmdr Dave Benham tau hais tias, "Peb tabtom ua haujlwm thiab ua kom rov zoo rau Asia-Pacific. Cov. Cov tub rog yuav tau nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab muaj kev sib koom tes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ntxiv dag zog rau lub peev xwm ntawm Pacific haiv neeg thiab cov koom tes los tiv thaiv thiab ruaj ntseg lawv tus kheej.
Txawm tias Guam mulls lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm nws txoj cai nom tswv thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog Tebchaws Meskas, ntau tus neeg Asmeskas thaj av tseem tsis tau paub txog lub suab hauv nruab nrab hauv tebchaws Asmeskas kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
Dr Robert Underwood, Tsev Kawm Ntawv University of Guam tus thawj coj thiab yav dhau los tus sawv cev rau Pawg Sablaj tau hais txog qhov tsis txaus siab rau Guam cov khoom fij. "Rau cov neeg uas saib xyuas, [Guam] yog qhov chaw ua tub rog ruaj khov thiab ua rau Tebchaws Meskas npaj nws lub hwj chim hauv ntiaj teb no. Rau cov neeg uas tsis paub ntau txog Guam, nws yog txoj kab throwaway rau qee qhov deb lossis chaw deb: 'Koj mus qhov twg?' ”
Nws hais ntxiv, “Qhov kev txhawj xeeb tsis yog pej xeem Asmeskas cov kev xam pom. Qhov kev txhawj xeeb tiag tiag yog: Guam puas muaj kev cai ntsig txog nws lub neej yav tom ntej thiab nws txoj kev sib raug zoo rau tub rog. Thiab yog tias koj tab tom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tub rog tas mus li, koj siv nws li cas rau koj cov txiaj ntsig? Vim hais tias qhov xwm ntawm kev sib raug zoo yog los ntawm kev xav tias Guam muaj tub rog lub luag haujlwm. "
Los Ntawm Tus Saib Xyuas: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/aug/01/guam-us-military-marines- ua haujlwm
