Lub hauv paus loj hlob txawv teb chaws thiab kaw cov koomhaum tau xa ib tsab ntawv tso cai rau kev ceeb toom, txuag cov nyiaj them rov qab rau cov nyiaj sib txawv, thiab txhim kho kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws. Tsab ntawv, txuas thiab hauv qab no, tau kos npe los ntawm ntau tshaj ob lub teb chaws tub rog cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov koom haum.

Cov lus nug tuaj yeem raug coj mus rau OBRACC2018@gmail.com.

Ua tsaug,

David

David Vine
Xib fwb
Department of Anthropology
American University
4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Washington, DC 20016 USA

Lub yim hli ntuj 23, 2019

Lub Honourable James Inhofe

Thawj Tswj Hwm, Senate Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Tub Rog

 

Tus Honourable Jack Reed

Ranking Member, Senate Committee on Armed Services

 

Tus Honourable Adam Smith

Thawj Tswj Hwm, Pawg Pabcuam Tsev Tub Rog

 

Lub Honourable Mac Thornberry

Ranking Member, Pawg Neeg Pabcuam Hauv Tsev

 

Nyob zoo Thawj Tswj Hwm Inhofe thiab Smith, thiab Ranking Members Reed thiab Thornberry:

Peb yog ib pab pawg tub rog cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm thoob plaws kev nom kev tswv spectrum sau ntawv los hais kom koj tswj Sec. 1079 ntawm HR 2500, "Tshaj Tawm Txog Tus Nqi Nyiaj Txiag ntawm Tebchaws Meskas Cov Tub Rog thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm," hauv National Defense Authorization Act rau Xyoo Nyiaj Txiag 2020. Yog tias siv nruj me ntsis, daim ntawv tshaj tawm no yuav ua kom pom tseeb thiab ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas zoo dua ntawm Pentagon kev siv nyiaj, pab txhawb rau kev siv zog tseem ceeb los tshem tawm cov kev siv nyiaj tub rog uas tsis zoo, thiab txhim kho kev npaj ua tub rog thiab kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws.

Tau ntev dhau los, tsis muaj qhov pom pom me me txog Asmeskas cov tub rog hauv paus thiab kev ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws. Tam sim no muaj kwv yees li 800 US tub rog hauv paus ("cov chaw hauv paus") sab nraum 50 lub xeev thiab Washington, DC. Lawv kis thoob plaws qee lub tebchaws 80 thiab thaj chaw - kwv yees li ob npaug ntawm tus tswv lub tebchaws piv rau qhov kawg ntawm Tsov Rog Txias..[1]

Kev tshawb fawb tau ntev pom tias cov chaw txawv teb chaws yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb los kaw ib zaug. Feem ntau, cov hauv paus nyob txawv teb chaws tseem qhib vim bureaucratic inertia ib leeg.^[2] Tub rog tub ceev xwm thiab lwm tus nquag xav tias yog tias muaj lub hauv paus txawv teb chaws, nws yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig; Congress tsis tshua yuam cov tub rog los tshuaj xyuas lossis ua kom pom cov txiaj ntsig kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws ntawm cov chaw nyob txawv teb chaws.

Lub Navy qhov "Fat Leonard" kev dag ntxias kev noj nyiaj txiag, uas ua rau ntau lab nyiaj daus las hauv kev them nyiaj ntau dhau thiab kev noj nyiaj txiag ntau ntawm cov tub ceev xwm qib siab, yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm ntau qhov tsis muaj kev saib xyuas pej xeem nyob txawv teb chaws. Cov tub rog loj hlob tuaj hauv tebchaws Africa yog lwm qhov: Thaum plaub tus tub rog tuag hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Niger hauv 2017, feem ntau cov tswv cuab ntawm Congress tau xav tsis thoob thaum paub tias muaj kwv yees li 1,000 tus tub rog nyob hauv lub tebchaws ntawd. Txawm hais tias Pentagon tau thov ntev ntev nws tsuas muaj ib lub hauv paus hauv Africa - hauv Djibouti - kev tshawb fawb qhia tias tam sim no muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 40 qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg (ib tus tub rog tub rog tau lees paub 46 kev teeb tsa hauv 2017).[3] Koj yuav yog ib pab pawg me me hauv Congress uas paub tias cov tub rog Asmeskas tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv tsawg kawg 22 lub teb chaws txij li xyoo 2001, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj ntau zaus.[4]

Cov txheej txheem saib xyuas tam sim no tsis txaus rau Congress thiab cov pej xeem siv kev tswj xyuas pej xeem kom zoo rau cov tub rog kev teeb tsa thiab kev ua ub no txawv teb chaws. Lub Pentagon txhua xyoo "Cov Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Qauv" muab qee cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus lej thiab qhov loj ntawm lub hauv paus chaw nyob txawv teb chaws, txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tau tshaj tawm txog kaum ob lub npe nrov hauv cov tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb thiab nquag muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis tiav lossis tsis raug. Ntau tus neeg xav tias Pentagon tsis paub tus naj npawb tseeb ntawm kev teeb tsa txawv teb chaws.

Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg "Kev Tshaj Tawm Tus Nqi Tshaj Tawm," xa hauv nws cov ntaub ntawv peev nyiaj, muab cov ntaub ntawv luv nqi txog kev teeb tsa hauv qee lub tebchaws tab sis tsis yog txhua lub tebchaws uas cov tub rog tswj hwm lub hauv paus. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau tsis tiav thiab feem ntau tsis muaj nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws. Tau ntau tshaj li kaum xyoo, DoD tau tshaj tawm tag nrho cov nqi txhua xyoo ntawm kev teeb tsa txawv teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm $ 20 nphom. Ib qho kev tshawb fawb ywj pheej qhia tau hais tias tus nqi tiag tiag ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm thiab kev tswj xyuas cov hauv paus nyob txawv teb chaws yog ntau dua ob npaug ntawm daim duab, tshaj $ 51 nphom txhua xyoo, nrog rau tag nrho cov nqi (nrog rau cov neeg ua hauj lwm) ntawm ib ncig ntawm $ 150 billion.[6]Qhov tsis muaj kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kev siv nyiaj no tshwj xeeb yog xav tsis thoob muab kaum tawm txhiab nyiaj daus las ntws los ntawm cov tswv cuab hauv Congress lub xeev thiab cov cheeb tsam mus rau qhov chaw txawv teb chaws txhua xyoo.

Yog tias ua tau zoo, tsab ntawv ceeb toom xav tau los ntawm Sec. 1079 ntawm HR 2500 yuav txhim kho qhov pom tseeb ntawm cov tub rog kev ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws thiab tso cai rau Congress thiab pej xeem siv kev saib xyuas pej xeem kom raug rau Pentagon. Peb yaum kom koj suav nrog Sec. 1079 hauv FY2020 NDAA. Peb kuj yaum kom koj kho qhov kev hloov kho cov lus kom tawm tsam cov lus hauv kab lus 1, "suav nrog rau cov npe ntawm qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov." Muab qhov tsis txaus ntawm Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Cov Txheej Txheem, qhov kev ceeb toom yuav tsum tau sau cov nqi thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev nyab xeeb ntawm txhua lub teb chaws. Teb Chaws Asmeskas kev teeb tsa txawv teb chaws.

Ua tsaug rau koj ua cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb no txhawm rau txhim kho pob tshab, txuag cov neeg them se cov nyiaj, thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws.

Ua Tsaug,

Overseas Base Kev Lees Paub thiab Kaw Coalition

Christine Ahn, Cov poj niam hla DMZ

Andrew J. Bacevich, Quincy lub koom haum rau lub luag haujlwm Statecraft

Medea Benjamin, Tus Thawj Coj, Codepink

Phyllis Bennis, Tus Thawj Coj, New Internationalism Project, Lub Tsev Haujlwm rau Txoj Cai Kawm

Leah Bolger, CDR, US Navy (ret), Thawj Tswj Hwm World BEYOND War

Noam Chomsky, Laureate Professor ntawm Linguistics, Agnese Nelms Haury Chair, University of Arizona / Professor Emeritus Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Cynthia Enloe, Tshawb Nrhiav Kev Tshawb Fawb, Clark University

Foreign Policy Alliance, Inc.

Joseph Gerson, Thawj Tswj Hwm, Phiaj Xwm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, Kev tshem riam phom thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg

David C. Hendrickson, Colorado College

Matthew Hoh, Tus Kws Pab Tswv Yim, Chaw Rau Txoj Cai Kev Txawv Tebchaws Thoob Ntiaj Teb

Guahan Coalition for Peace and Justice

Kyle Kajihiro, Hawai'i Kev Thaj Yeeb thiab Kev Ncaj Ncees

Gwyn Kirk, Cov Poj Niam Rau Kev Ruaj Ntseg

MG Dennis Laich, US Army, Retired

John Lindsay-Poland, Nres US Arms rau Mexico Project Coordinator, Ntiaj Teb Kev Sib Pauv; tus sau, Cov Cim Hauv Thaj Yeeb Yaj: Lub Sijhawm Dhau Los ntawm Asmeskas hauv Panama

Catherine Lutz, Thomas J. Watson, Jr. Family Professor of Anthropology thiab International Studies, Watson Institute for International thiab Public Affairs thiab Department of Anthropology, Brown University

Khury Petersen-Smith, Lub Tsev Haujlwm rau Txoj Cai Kawm

Del Spurlock, yav dhau los Tus Kws Pab Tswv Yim thiab Tus Pabcuam Tus Tuav Haujlwm ntawm US Army rau Manpower thiab Reserve Affairs

David Swanson, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm, World BEYOND War

David Vine, xib fwb, Department of Anthropology, American University

Stephen Wertheim, Quincy lub koom haum rau lub luag haujlwm Statecraft thiab Saltzman lub koom haum ntawm Kev Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb, Columbia University

Colonel Ann Wright, US Army so haujlwm thiab qub tub rog Asmeskas

Endnotes

[1] David Vine, "Cov npe ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws," 2017, American University, http://dx.doi.org/10.17606/M6H599; David Vine, Lub Tebchaws: Lub Tebchaws Asmeskas Lub Hauv Paus Txawv Tebchaws Asmeskas Liaj Teb thiab Lub Ntiaj Teb (Metropolitan, 2015). Ntau qhov tseeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Asmeskas cov chaw nyob txawv teb chaws muaj nyob ntawm www.overseasbases.net/fact-sheet.html.Cov lus nug, xav paub ntxiv: OBRACC2018@gmail.com / www.overseasbases.net.

[2] Ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tsis tshua muaj Congressional ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas cov hauv paus thiab nyob txawv teb chaws tau pom tias "thaum ib lub hauv paus Asmeskas txawv teb chaws tau tsim, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej …. Thawj txoj haujlwm yuav dhau los ua haujlwm dhau los, tab sis cov haujlwm tshiab tau tsim kho, tsis yog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua kom lub chaw mus, tab sis feem ntau ua kom nws loj tuaj. " Teb Chaws Asmeskas Senate, "United States Security Agreement and Commitments Abroad," Hearings before the Senate Subcommittee on United States Security Agreement and Commitments Abroad of Committee on Foreign Relations, Cuaj caum-thawj Congress, Vol. 2, 2417. Kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau lees paub qhov kev tshawb pom no. Piv txwv li, John Glaser, "Kev rho tawm los ntawm Cov Hauv Paus Txawv Teb Chaws: Vim Li Cas Kev Ua Tub Rog Tom Qab Kev Ua Tub Rog yog qhov tsis tsim nyog, tsis tu ncua, thiab txaus ntshai," Txoj Cai Kev Ntsuam Xyuas 816, CATO Institute, Lub Xya Hli 18, 2017; Chalmers Johnson, Lub Sorrows ntawm faj tim teb chaws: Militarism, Secrecy, thiab End of Republic (New York: Metropolitan, 2004); Vine, Hauv paus teb chaws.

[3] Nick Turse, “Cov Tub Rog Asmeskas hais tias Nws muaj 'Lub Teeb Hnyav' hauv Africa. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia txog lub hauv paus loj heev, " Cov kev cuam tshuam, Kaum Hlis 1, 2018,https://theintercept.com/2018/12/01/u-s-military-says-it-has-a-light-footprint-in-africa-these-documents-show-a-vast-network-of-bases/; Stephanie Savell thiab 5W Infographics, "Daim ntawv qhia no qhia qhov twg hauv ntiaj teb cov tub rog Asmeskas tawm tsam kev ua phem," Smithsonian phau ntawv Magazine, Lub Ib Hlis 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/map-shows-places-world-where-us-military-operates-180970997/; Nick Turse, "America's War-Fighting Footprint in Africa Secret US Tub Rog Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Tub Rog Asmeskas Cov Tub Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb," TomDispatch.com, Lub Plaub Hlis 27, 2017, http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/176272/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_the_u.s._military_moves_deeper_into_africa/.

[4] Afghanistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, Yemen, Iraq, Libya, Uganda, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger, Central African koom pheej, Syria, Kenya, Cameroon, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Democratic Republic ntawm cov Congo, Saudi Arabia, thiab Tunisia. Saib Savell thiab 5W Infographics; Nick Turse thiab Sean D. Naylor, "Tshaj tawm: Tub Rog Asmeskas Txoj Haujlwm 36 Code-named Operations hauv Africa," Yahoo Xov Xwm, Lub Plaub Hlis 17, 2019, https://news.yahoo.com/revealed-the-us-militarys-36-codenamed-operations-in-africa-090000841.html.

[5] Nick Turse, "Bases, Bases, Txhua qhov chaw ... Tsuas yog hauv Pentagon's Report," TomDispatch.com, Lub Ib Hlis 8, 2019, http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/176513/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_one_down%2C_who_knows_how_many_to_go/#more; Vine, Base Nation, 3–5; Vine, "Daim Ntawv Teev Npe ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas Tub Rog Txawv Tebchaws."

[6] David Vine, American University, kwv yees tus nqi pib rau OBRACC, vine@american.edu, hloov kho kev suav hauv Vine, Base Nation, 195-214.