Los ntawm David Swanson
Txawm hais tias ib tug neeg quav tshuaj muaj ntau yam ntxiv nrog rau lawv cov menyuam yaus thiab lawv lub neej zoo dua li cov yeeb tshuaj uas lawv siv lossis nrog rau ib qho twg hauv lawv cov noob. Nov yog ib qho ntawm kev pib tshwm sim ntau yam hauv phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws uas kuv tau nyeem xyoo no: Chasing lub quaj qw: Thawj thiab Hnub Kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog los ntawm Johann Hari.
Peb txhua tus tau tso lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg. Cov lus dab neeg hais zoo li no: Qee yam tshuaj muaj zog heev yog tias koj siv lawv txaus lawv yuav siv. Lawv yuav tsav koj qhov kev siv lawv txuas ntxiv. Nws hloov tawm qhov no feem ntau tsis muaj tseeb. Tsuas yog 17.7 feem pua ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem txiav kev haus luam yeeb los ntawm kev siv cov pa luam yeeb nicotine uas muab cov tshuaj qub. Ntawm cov neeg uas tau sim ua kom tawg ntawm lawv lub neej, tsuas yog 3 feem pua tau siv nws nyob rau lub hli dhau los thiab tsuas yog 20 feem pua ntawm cov neeg quav. Asmeskas cov tsev kho mob sau ntawv muaj cov opiates uas muaj zog tshaj plaws rau qhov mob txhua hnub, thiab feem ntau nyob ntev, tsis tas ua yees. Thaum Vancouver thaiv tag nrho heroin los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv lub nroog thiaj li vam meej tau tias tus "heroin" raug muag muaj xoom yeeb tshuaj tiag nyob rau hauv nws, cov neeg quav yeeb tus cwj pwm tsis hloov. Qee 20 feem pua ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog hauv tebchaws Nyab Laj tau quav yeeb dawb, ua rau muaj kev ntshai ntawm cov neeg uas tos lawv rov qab mus tsev; tab sis thaum lawv mus txog tsev 95 feem pua ntawm lawv nyob rau ib xyoos tsuas nres. (Yog li cov neeg Nyab Laj ua liaj ua teb twm tsiaj, uas tau pib noj opium thaum tsov rog.) Lwm cov tub rog tau ua ntej cov neeg quav yeeb tshuaj ua ntej lawv mus thiab / lossis koom nrog cov xeeb ceem feem ntau rau txhua tus neeg quav, nrog rau kev twv txiaj: ib qho tsis khov lossis me nyuam yaus lom.
Cov neeg feem coob (90 feem pua raws li UN) uas siv cov tshuaj tsis muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, tsis hais cov tshuaj twg, thiab feem ntau cov neeg quav tshuaj muaj cuab kav ua rau lawv lub neej yog tias cov tshuaj muaj rau lawv; thiab yog tias cov tshuaj muaj rau lawv, lawv yuav maj mam siv nws.
Tab sis npog, tos ib feeb xwb. Zaum muaj pov thawj cov tshuaj ntawd muaj yees, tsis yog lawv?
Zoo, nas nyob hauv lub tawb nrog tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv hauv nws lub neej yuav xaiv kom haus cov tshuaj loj heev. Yog li yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub neej zoo li ntawm nas nyob hauv lub tawb, cov kws tshawb fawb yuav pom tseeb. Tab sis yog tias koj muab nas tsuag ib qho chaw nyob nrog lwm tus nas ua cov khoom zoo siab nrog, tus nas yuav tsis quav ntsej cov kev quav yeeb tshuaj "quav".
Thiab yog li koj yuav. Thiab yog li ntawd yuav neeg feem coob. Lossis koj yuav siv nws rau kev sim. Ua ntej Tsov Rog Tshuaj Yeeb thaum pib xyoo 1914 (Tebchaws Asmeskas hloov chaw rau Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum XNUMX?), Tib neeg yuav cov fwj dej morphine, thiab cawv thiab dej qab zib uas muaj yeeb dawb. Feem ntau yeej tsis quav dej quav cawv, thiab peb-plaub lub hlis ntawm cov neeg quav tau tuav haujlwm sib luag.
Puas muaj ib zaj lus qhia ntawm no txog kev tsis ntseeg cov kws tshawb fawb? Puas yog peb pov tseg txhua yam pov thawj ntawm kev nyab xeeb? Peb puas yuav muab tag nrho peb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau hauv Boston Harbour? Qhov tseeb, tsis muaj. Muaj zaj lus qhia ntawm no qub li keeb kwm: ua raws cov nyiaj. Cov kev tshawb fawb txog tshuaj yaj yeeb raug pab nyiaj txiag los ntawm tsoomfwv qib siab uas soj ntsuam nws tus kheej cov lus ceeb toom thaum lawv tuaj hais tib cov lus ntawm Chasing lub quaj qw, tsoomfwv uas tau pab nyiaj rau kev tshawb fawb nkaus xwb uas ua rau nws cov tswvyim tsis txaus ntseeg. Kev Nyab Xeeb qhov chaw tsis txaus siab thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum tau mloog. Peb yuav tsum muaj kev qhib siab. Tab sis tam sim no lawv tsis zoo li kev thawb kev kawm zoo uas tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav nyiaj. Theej, lawv tau sim hloov cov kev ntseeg tam sim no nrog kev ntseeg uas muaj tsawg hauv qab lawv. Hloov kho peb txoj kev xav ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj tiag tiag yuav tsum saib cov pov thawj tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tawm tsam thiab tsoomfwv uas hloov dua tshiab, thiab nws zoo nkauj tshaj.
Yog li qhov twg no tawm ntawm peb cov kev xav rau cov neeg quav? Ua ntej peb yuav tsum txiav txim rau lawv. Tom qab ntawd peb yuav tsum zam txim rau lawv vim muaj lub siab tsis zoo. Tam sim no peb xav tias yuav tu siab rau lawv vim tias lawv muaj kev ntshai heev lawv tsis tuaj yeem ntsib, thiab feem ntau muaj lawv txij li menyuam yaus? Nws muaj lub siab nyiam mus saib “cov gene” cov lus piav qhia raws li qhov kev daws teeb meem. Yog tias 100 tus neeg haus dej haus cawv thiab ib qho ntawm lawv muaj lub gene uas ua rau nws tso tseg tsis tau, nws nyuaj rau nws los cem nws rau qhov ntawd. Ua cas nws thiaj li paub? Tab sis dab tsi txog qhov xwm txheej no: Ntawm 100 leej neeg, ib tus ntawm lawv tau raug kev txom nyem rau ntau lub xyoo, ib feem los ntawm kev tsis tau muaj dua kev hlub li menyuam yaus. Tom qab ntawd ib tus neeg quav yeeb tshuaj, tiam sis kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj tsuas yog cov tsos mob ntawm qhov teeb meem tiag. Tam sim no, tau kawg, nws yog qhov kev xav tsis meej uas yuav nug mus rau lwm tus lub hlwb chemistry lossis keeb kwm yav dhau los ua ntej peb txiav txim siab seb puas los yog tsis qhia lawv txoj kev khuv leej. Tab sis kuv muaj me ntsis kev khuv leej txawm tias cov neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem tiv qhov tsis sib xws, thiab yog li kuv thov rau lawv tam sim no: Puas yog peb tsis ua siab zoo rau cov neeg uas tau raug mob thaum menyuam yaus? Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsev loj cuj ua rau lawv cov teeb meem tuaj?
Tab sis dab tsi yog tias peb tau coj mus dhau qhov kev quav ntxiv rau lwm cov kev coj tsis zoo? Muaj lwm phau ntawv nthuav qhia zoo ib yam li qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua, nrog rau kev sib deev, thiab suav nrog kev tua tus kheej, muaj ntau qhov chaw zoo ib yam li cov neeg Hari nrhiav kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj. Tau kawg kev ua nruj ua tsiv yuav tsum tiv thaiv, tsis muaj nqes. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem txo qis zoo los ntawm kev txhim kho tib neeg lub neej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv lub neej hluas tab sis tseem ceeb rau lawv lub neej tam sim no. Tshuav ib ntsis, raws li peb tau tso tseg tsis ua tib neeg ntawm ntau haiv neeg, tub los ntxhais, kev sib daj sib deev, thiab kev xiam oob khab yam tsis muaj nqi, zoo li peb pib lees tias kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj yog ib ntus thiab tsis coj tus cwj pwm txawv dua li tsoomfwv ib txwm muaj ntawm tus tsiaj tsawg dua li paub. "Tus quav," peb yuav tsiv mus pov tseg lwm yam theories ntawm kev nyob mus ib txhis thiab kev txiav txim siab caj, suav nrog cov uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua txhaum cai lij choj. Muaj ib hnub twg peb yuav tau tshaj tawm lub tswv yim hais tias kev ua tsov ua rog lossis kev ntshaw lossis lub tsheb yog yam tshwm sim uas peb lub dhau los.
Ua cas txhua yam rau kev siv yeeb siv tshuaj, ib yam li kev siv yeeb siv tshuaj, zoo li yooj yim dua.
Saib Johann Hari rau Kev cai ywj pheej tam sim no.
Tshuav tsis ntev nws yuav mus Tham Hauv Xov Tooj Cua, yog li xa kuv cov lus nug kuv yuav tsum tau nug nws, tab sis nyeem phau ntawv ua ntej.
