50 Tsoom Fwv Kev Txhawb los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Meskas

Tshaj tawm ntawm 20 Cov Neeg Daws Teeb Tau Kev Pab Tam Sim No los ntawm Asmeskas los ntawm David Swanson, Lub Peb Hlis 19, 2020

Tus tswj hwm yog ib tus tib neeg uas muaj hwj chim loj dhau ib lub tseem fwv uas qee leej neeg hais tias nws yog “lub hwj chim tag nrho.” Muaj qib kev tswj hwm, lossis - yog tias koj nyiam - cov tib neeg uas muaj qee qhov kev tswj hwm lossis qee qhov kev tswj hwm. Cov tsoomfwv uas txwv tsis pub muaj kev ywj pheej, tsis kam lees koom nrog, thiab tsim txom tib neeg txoj cai hla mus ntau, tab sis tsis tag nrho, nrog rau kev tswj hwm. Vim tias muaj ntau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab qeb duas ntawm tsoomfwv uas tau tsim txom ntau dua li ntawm kev hais lus yuam kev, thiab vim tias qhov teeb meem yog kev tsim txom, tsis yog leej twg ua, Kuv yuav mus saib ib pliag ntawm qee cov npe ntawm tsoomfwv uas tsim txom, ua ntej tig mus rau lub ncauj lus ntawm cov cov neeg tswj hwm uas khiav ntau ntawm lawv.

Hauv 2017, Rich Whitney tau sau ib tsab xov xwm rau Truthout.org hu ua "Asmeskas Muab Kev Pab Tub Rog rau 73 feem pua ​​ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb Kev Ua Rog."

Whitney tau siv lo lus "kev tswjfwm" ua qhov kev kwv yees ntawm "tsoomfwv uas muaj kev tsim txom." Nws lub peev txheej rau cov npe ntawm cov kev tsim txom tsoomfwv ntawm lub ntiaj teb yog Freedom House. Nws txhob txwm xaiv qhov kev pabcuam Asmeskas thiab Asmeskas-tsoomfwv-siv nyiaj txiag txawm hais tias tsoomfwv Meskas-tsoomfwv tau cuam tshuam qee qhov kev txiav txim siab. Kev ywj pheej tsev lawm dav thuam, tsis yog rau kev tau nyiaj txiag los ntawm ib lub tseemfwv (ntxiv rau kev pab nyiaj los ntawm ob peb tus tsoomfwv) thaum tsim cov qeb ntawm tsoomfwv, thiab tsis yog rau kev nplua nws txoj kev thuam tawm tsam Tebchaws Asmeskas cov yeeb ncuab thiab tau txais kev pabcuam ntawm pawg neeg Asmeskas uas tau tsim, nyiaj txiag los mus koom nrog kev ua haujlwm zais ntshis hauv Iran thiab txhawb nqa cov neeg raug xaiv los xaiv hauv Ukraine. Cov no yog cov laj thawj zoo los saib ntawm Freedom House cov npe ntawm cov haiv neeg uas nws sau tias "tsis pub dawb." Qhov no yog ze li sai tau ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas txoj cai saib rau lwm lub tebchaws, txawm tias suav nrog kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas cov cai nyob sab hauv. Daim ntawv tuaj ntawm Freedom House tuaj yeem tau ntxiv, thiab hauv qab no, nrog Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Meskas tus kheej piav qhia ntawm txhua lub tebchaws cov neeg ua haujlwm txhaum cai.

Txoj kev ywj pheej lub tsev Qib teb chaws xws li "pub dawb," "ib nrab dawb," thiab "tsis pub dawb." Cov qeb duas no suav tias yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm pej xeem cov kev ywj pheej thiab cov cai hauv kev nom kev tswv hauv ib lub teb chaws, uas tsis muaj kev xav txog lub teb chaws cuam tshuam rau lub ntiaj teb. Uas yog hais, ib lub teb chaws yuav nthuav tawm txoj kev ywj pheej thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab qhab nia qis heev, lossis yuav kis tau kev tsim txom thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb thiab tau qhab nia siab heev, raws li qhov tseeb hauv nws cov kev cai hauv tsev.

Kev ywj pheej House tsis, txawm li cas los xij, txwv nws tus kheej rau kev tswj hwm. Ib txhia ntawm cov yam nws txiav txim siab koom nrog kev raug cai thiab lub zog ntawm ib tus thawj coj hauv lub tebchaws, tab sis yog tsoomfwv tau tswj hwm los ntawm lub cev loj tsim kev kub ntxhov rau pej xeem, yog li tsoomfwv yuav tsum muaj ntawv sau tias "Tsis Muaj Kev ywj pheej" los ntawm Freedom House txawm hais tias tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm tau ua tus kav. los ntawm ib tus neeg.

Freedom House pom zoo li 50 lub tebchaws hauv qab no (coj los ntawm Freedom House lub npe tsuas yog cov tebchaws thiab tsis yog thaj chaw) ua "tsis muaj kev ywj pheej": Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Brunei, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Tuam Tshoj, Koom pheej ywj pheej ntawm cov Congo (Kinshasa), Koom pheej ntawm Congo (Brazzaville), Cuba, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Nplog, Libya, Mauritania, Nicaragua, North Kauslim, Oman, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Thaib, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Nyab Laj, Yemen.

Tsoomfwv Meskas tso cai, npaj rau, lossis qee kis txawm tias muab nyiaj rau, Asmeskas muag riam phom rau 41 ntawm cov tebchaws no. Qhov ntawd yog 82 feem pua. Los ua cov duab no, Kuv tau saib Asmeskas cov khoom muag riam phom nruab nrab xyoo 2010 thiab 2019 raws li tau sau tseg los ntawm ob qho Stockholm Thoob Ntiaj Teb Cov Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Kev Thaj Yeeb Kev Ruaj Ntseg Cuam Npe, lossis los ntawm Asmeskas tub rog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv muaj npe "Muag Tub Rog Txawv Tebchaws, Muag Khoom Tub Rog Txawv Tebchaws Thiab Lwm Yam Kev Ruaj Ntseg Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Zaj Keeb Kwm: Raws li Lub Cuaj Hlis 30, 2017." Ntawm no yog 41: Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Brunei, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Tuam Tshoj, Koom pheej ywj pheej ntawm cov Congo (Kinshasa), Koom pheej ntawm Congo (Brazzaville), Djibouti, Tim lyiv teb chaws, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini (yav dhau los Swaziland), Ethiopia, Gabon, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Libya, Mauritania, Nicaragua, Oman, Qatar, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Thaib, Qaib Cov Txwv, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Nyab Laj, Yemen.

Nco ntsoov, qhov no yog cov npe neeg ntawm cov koomhaum uas cov koomhaum pabcuam los ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas tsim qauv “tsis pub dawb” tab sis lub tebchaws twg xa tuaj rau cov khoom siv phom tuag taus. Thiab qhov no yog 82% ntawm cov teb chaws “tsis muaj kev ywj pheej”, uas tsis zoo ib yam li qee qhov “txiv qab phem” Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws yuav luag zoo li txoj cai tswjfwm zoo ib yam. Ib qho yog xav paub ntxiv los saib rau qhov kev piav qhia txog vim li cas 82% tsis yog 100% dua vim li cas nws tsis 0%. Qhov tseeb, ntawm cuaj lub "tsis pub dawb" uas lub tebchaws Asmeskas tsis xa khoom riam phom, feem ntau ntawm lawv (Cuba, Iran, North Kauslim, Russia, thiab Venezuela) yog cov haiv neeg feem ntau raug xaiv los ua yeeb ncuab los ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas. raws li kev lees paub rau pob nyiaj nce ntxiv los ntawm Pentagon, raug dab tawm los ntawm Asmeskas cov xov xwm, thiab tau tsom nrog cov kev nplua tseem ceeb (thiab hauv qee kis tau sim coups thiab kev hem thawj ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog). Cov teb chaws no tau los ua tus yeeb ncuab tseem, nyob rau hauv kev pom ntawm qee tus neeg thuam ntawm Freedom House, muaj ntau yam yuav ua nrog qee qhov lawv tau nkag mus rau cov npe "tsis muaj kev ywj pheej" ntau dua li "ib nrab pub dawb" haiv neeg.

Dhau ntawm kev muag khoom thiab muab riam phom rau cov tsoomfwv uas yuam cai, Tsoomfwv Meskas tseem koom nrog lawv cov cuab yeej technology siab heev. Qhov no suav nrog tus piv txwv phem heev xws li CIA muab cov phiaj xwm foob pob rau Iran, Trump Cov Thawj Coj nrhiav xa cov tshuab nuclear nrog Saudi Arabia, thiab Asmeskas tub rog lub hauv paus tsim riam phom nuclear hauv Turkey txawm tias Turkey tiv thaiv cov neeg Asmeskas pab thim rov qab hauv Syria thiab hem tias yuav raug kaw NATO lub hauv paus, nrog rau kis mus ntxiv kev siv tshuab drone thoob ntiaj teb.

Tam sim no, cia peb siv daim ntawv 50 ntawm tsoomfwv uas tsim txom thiab xyuas seb tsoomfwv Meskas yuav muab kev qhia txog tub rog rau leej twg. Muaj ntau qib ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa, xws li los ntawm kev qhia ib chav kawm rau plaub tus tub ntxhais kawm los muab ntau txoj kev kawm rau ntau txhiab tus neeg kawm. Tebchaws Asmeskas muab kev cob qhia txog kev ua tub rog ntawm ib qho kev xaiv lossis lwm qhov rau 44 ntawm 50, lossis 88 feem pua. Kuv pib qhov no rau ntawm kev nrhiav cov kev cob qhia no tau teev nyob rau xyoo 2017 lossis 2018 hauv ib lossis ob qho ntawm cov peev txheej no: Tsoomfwv Meskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Daim Ntawv Tshaj Qhia Kev Ua Tub Rog Txawv Tebchaws: Xyoo Thib Xyoo 2017 thiab 2018: Daim Ntawv Tshaj Tawm Ntxiv rau Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Pawg Kuv thiab II, thiab Meskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm rau Kev Tsim Kho Thoob Ntiaj Teb (USAID )'s Cov Txiaj Ntsig Txog Kev Siv Nyiaj Txiag: Kev Tshaj Lij: Pab txhawb nqa: Cov ntaub ntawv loj: Xyoo Thib Ib 2018Cov. Ntawm no yog 44: Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Brunei, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Tuam Tshoj, Koom pheej ywj pheej ntawm cov Congo (Kinshasa), Koom pheej ntawm Congo (Brazzaville), Djibouti, Tim lyiv teb chaws, Eswatini (yav dhau los Swaziland), Ethiopia, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Nplog, Libya, Mauritania, Nicaragua, Oman, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, South Sudan, Tajikistan, Thaib, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Nyab Laj, Yemen.

Ib zaug ntxiv, cov npe no tsis zoo li qee qhov kev suav tsis raug suav, tab sis zoo li txoj cai tswjfwm uas tsim muaj. Kev puv tes ntawm kev zam dua ib zaug ntxiv suav nrog Cuba thiab North Kauslim rau qhov laj thawj pom tseeb. Yog vim li cas lawv suav nrog Syria nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no thiab tsis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev muag khoom riam phom vim yog vim hnub kuv txwv tsis pub muaj kev tshawb nrhiav no. Tebchaws Asmeskas tau los ntawm kev txhim kho thiab ua haujlwm nrog tsoomfwv Syrian mus sim rhuav tshem nws (los ntawm kev sib koom tes thiab ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg tawm tsam nyob rau hauv Syria tsis yog nrog tsoomfwv).

Kuv xav tias ntau tus neeg hauv tebchaws United States tsis paub tias xyoo 2019, ntau xyoo no tom qab lub Cuaj Hlis 11, 2001, Asmeskas tub rog tau kawm Saudi dav hlau tua dav hlau hauv Florida kom txog thaum muaj ib tus ua xov xwm los ntawm kev tua ib hoob kawm.

Ib qho ntxiv, keeb kwm ntawm Asmeskas-muab kev cob qhia ua tub rog rau cov tub rog txawv teb chaws, los ntawm cov chaw zoo li tus Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas (hloov npe hu ua Western Hemisphere Lub Tsev Haujlwm rau Kev Ruaj Ntseg) muab cov qauv tsim ntawm tsis yog txhawb nqa tsoomfwv uas tsim txom, tab sis ntawm kev pab coj lawv dhau los ua txhaj tshuaj.

Tam sim no cia peb khiav ib qho ntxiv los ntawm cov npe ntawm 50 tus tsoomfwv uas muaj kev tsim txom, vim tias ntxiv rau muag (lossis muab) lawv riam phom thiab cob qhia lawv, tsoomfwv Meskas tseem muab nyiaj ncaj qha rau cov tub rog txawv teb chaws. Ntawm 50 lub tsoomfwv uas raug kev tsim txom, raws li sau los ntawm Freedom House, 32 tau txais "kev pab nyiaj ua tub rog txawv teb chaws" lossis lwm yam nyiaj txiag rau kev ua tub rog los ntawm tseemfwv Asmeskas, nrog - nws muaj kev nyab xeeb los hais - tsawg dua qhov npau taws hauv Asmeskas xov xwm lossis los ntawm Asmeskas cov neeg them se. peb hnov ​​hla kev muab zaub mov rau cov neeg hauv tebchaws Asmeskas uas tshaib plab. Kuv sau cov npe no rau ntawm Meskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm ntawm International Development (USAID )'s Cov Txiaj Ntsig Txog Kev Siv Nyiaj Txiag: Kev Tshaj Tawm: Lub Koom Haum Me Nyuam Yaus: Kev Siv Nyiaj Xyoo 2017, Thiab Cov Txiaj Ntsig Txog Kev Siv Nyiaj Txiag: Kev Tshaj Lij: Pab txhawb nqa: Cov ntaub ntawv loj: Xyoo Thib Ib 2018Cov. Ntawm no yog 33: Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Cambodia, Central Republic Republic, Suav Teb, Koom pheej ywj pheej ntawm cov Congo (Kinshasa), Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini (yav dhau los Swaziland), Ethiopia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Nplog , Libya, Mauritania, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Thaib, Qaib Cov Txwv, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Nyab Laj, Yemen.

Tawm ntawm 50 qhov tsoomfwv uas tsim txom, Tebchaws Asmeskas pabcuam kev txhawb nqa tsawg kawg yog ib ntawm peb txoj kev sib tham saum toj no 48 ntawm lawv lossis 96 feem pua, txhua tus tsuas yog cov yeeb ncuab me me ntawm Tebchaws Cuba thiab North Kauslim. Nrog qee qhov ntawm lawv, Asmeskas tub rog mus txuas ntxiv dua li peb tsis tau tham txog hauv nws txoj kev sib raug zoo thiab kev txhawb nqa rau cov tsoomfwv uas tsim txom no. Hauv cov tebchaws no, Tebchaws Asmeskas bases tseem ceeb tus naj npawb ntawm nws tus kheej cov tub rog (piv txwv li 100)): Afghanistan, Bahrain, Cuba *, Tim lyiv teb chaws, Iraq, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Thaib, Thaib, Qaib Cov Txwv, thiab United Arab Emirates. Technically Cuba nyob hauv cov npe no, tab sis nws yog qhov teeb meem txawv ntawm lwm qhov. Tsoomfwv Meskas tuav cov tub rog hauv Tebchaws Cuba kom tawm tsam Cuban qhov kev tawm tsam thiab kev txiav txim siab tsis txhawb tsoomfwv Cuban. Yog lawm, Iraq tam sim no tau thov kom Asmeskas cov tub rog tawm mus, muab nws tso rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ze rau Cuba.

Hauv qee kis, kev koom tes tub rog mus txuas ntxiv. Cov tub rog Asmeskas tabtom ntaus rog nrog kev sib koom tes nrog Saudi Arabia tiv thaiv cov neeg Yemen, thiab sib ntaus sib tua kev tsov rog hauv Iraq thiab Afghanistan hauv kev txhawb nqa tsoomfwv tsim txom (raws li tau piav los ntawm Freedom House thiab los ntawm Tsoomfwv Meskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm) uas tau tsim los ntawm Asmeskas-coj. kev tsov kev rog. Cov tsoomfwv uas tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws yog kev tsim txom thiab kev coj tsis ncaj thiab nyiam ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau kev ua kom tsov rog nyob mus ntxiv txhawm rau ua kom caj npab thiab las thiab cov tub rog ntog lawv txoj hauv tebchaws. Tsis tau, tsoomfwv Iraqi tau hais kom cov tub rog Asmeskas tawm, thiab tham txog qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb hauv Afghanistan tseem txuas ntxiv mus.

Tib lub sijhawm, Tebchaws Asmeskas xav txog Trump txoj kev txwv Muslim, txwv kev ncig mus los los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws uas Tebchaws Asmeskas cov tub rog, suav nrog Eritrea, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, thiab Yemen. Ib tus tsis xav tau ib yam kev phom sij ntawm cov neeg taug kev.

Lwm lub hauv paus rau cov npe sau npe ntawm dictatorships yog CIA-nyiaj Pab Tub Rog Khomob Ua HaujlwmCov. Raws li ntawm 2018, pawg neeg no tau txheeb txog 21 lub teb chaws raws li autocracies, 23 raws li kaw kev ua haujlwm (anocracies yog kev sib xyaw ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab kev tswj hwm), thiab cov seem li qhib kev saib xyuas, cov kev cai ywj pheej, lossis tag nrho cov kev cai ywj pheej. Lub 21 autocracies yog: Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Suav Teb, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Nplog, North Kauslim, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Eswatini (yav dhau los Swaziland), Syria, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Nyab Laj. Qhov no ntxiv Bangladesh thiab Kuwait rau cov npe ntawm cov teb chaws peb tab tom saib. Cov tub rog Asmeskas txhawb ob qho thiab tag nrho lwm cov npe ntawm no, tsuas yog North Kauslim.

Yog li peb tab tom saib cov npe ntawm 50 lub tseem fwv tsim txom. Nws puas yog txoj hauv kev? Yuav tsum tau qee lub tebchaws tshem tawm thiab lwm tus ntxiv? Thiab leej twg yog cov dictatorships, thiab leej twg yog cov dictators?

Txuas ntxiv hauv 20 Cov Neeg Daws Teeb Tau Kev Pab Tam Sim No los ntawm Asmeskas