Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Trump a me Biden's Secret Afghanistan Air Campaigns

Ma kahi kokoke i 800 mau mea lele lele lele ma Afghanistan i ka makahiki 2020 a me 2021 i hōʻike ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo ka pūʻali koa US e wehewehe i ka ʻikepili.

ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā moʻolelo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia o nā mokulele mokulele US i Afghanistan i hōʻike ʻia ma mua o 400 mau hana i hoʻolaha ʻole ʻia i nā mahina hope loa o ka pelekikena o Donald Trump - a ma kahi o 300 mau mea hou i kauoha ʻia e ke alakaʻi ʻana o Joe Biden.

ʻOiai ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Taliban i kahi kuʻikahi maluhia maikaʻi ma Pepeluali 2020, ua hoʻomau malū ka US i ka pana ʻana i nā Taliban a me ka Islamic State target, hōʻike ka ʻikepili. A i ka makahiki 2021 - i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka Taliban i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā pūʻali aupuni o Afghan, a me ka neʻe ʻana ma Kabul - ʻoi aku ma mua o 800 mau munitions i puhi ʻia e ka hapa nui o nā mokulele US.

ʻO ka ʻikepili koʻikoʻi o Afghanistan i kēlā me kēia mahina e Kauoha Waena Puali Ea, a i ʻole AFCENT, ua kāpae ʻia i Malaki 2020 ma hope o ka ʻae ʻana o ka hoʻokele Trump i kahi kūpono ʻaelike hoʻomaha me ka Taliban. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēlā mau hoʻolaha lehulehu i ka nui o nā hahau ʻana i ka US a me kāna mau hoa pili honua i hana ʻia ma Afghanistan a me nā kikoʻī o nā mea kaua i puhi ʻia, a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kēlā me kēia mahina no kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua.

I ka manawa o ka US Air Force mai la ke hooki nei i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana ma muli o nā hopohopo diplomatic, "me ka hopena o ka hōʻike e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā kūkākūkā e hoʻomau nei me ka Taliban e pili ana i nā kamaʻilio maluhia ʻo Afghanistan".

ka ʻikepili i wehewehe hou ʻia hoʻohui i ka hilinaʻi i nā koi i ka manawa a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i hoʻokiʻekiʻe malū i kāna mau hoʻouka kaua ma Afghanistan e hoʻokau i ke koʻikoʻi i ka Taliban i ka wā o ke kūkākūkā ʻana ma Qatar, me nā hopena pōʻino i kekahi manawa no nā makaʻāinana.

ʻOiai ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ka United Nations ua pau ka nui o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o US, ʻo ka Taliban hoopii ka US no ka uhai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo o ka ʻaelike "kokoke i kēlā me kēia lā." ʻOi aku ka manaʻo o kēlā mau koi i kēia manawa.

"Ke haʻi nei kēia mau ʻikepili i ka moʻolelo o ka hakakā ʻana o ʻAmelika e hoʻopau i kāna kaua lōʻihi loa," i haʻi aku ai ʻo Graeme Smith o ka International Crisis Group iā Airwars.

He kaua ea i pau ʻole

Ua kakau inoa ka US a me ka Taliban i ka mea i kapaia 'hooponopono maluhia ma Feberuari 29th 2020. ʻAʻole kēia i hāʻawi pololei i ka US i ka pau ʻana o ke ahi, akā ua komo ka Taliban i ka hana pono ʻole e hoʻouka i nā pūʻali koa ʻAmelika ma Afghanistan i ka manawa i manaʻo ʻia he 14 mau mahina ka haʻalele ʻana o US.

Ua manaʻo ʻia hoʻi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻia nā hōʻeha US, a e kālele nui ʻia i nā hana pale ponoʻī. Akā naʻe, hōʻike ka ʻikepili hou i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo AFCENT, ʻaʻole i pau ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o US, me 413 'international' airstrikes ma waena o Malaki a me Dekemaba 2020 wale nō.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili AFCENT i hōʻike ʻia ma kahi o 800 i hoʻolaha mua ʻole ʻia i hana ʻia ma Afghanistan i ka makahiki 2020 a me 2021

Ma hope o ka ʻaelike US-Taliban i Pepeluali 2020, ua hoʻomaka nā kamaʻilio ʻana i ke ahi ma Doha i Kepakemapa o ia makahiki ma waena o ka Taliban a me ke Aupuni Afghan. Eia nō naʻe i ka mahina hoʻokahi, ʻike mākou i kēia manawa, ua alakaʻi malū ka US i 34 airstrikes.

ʻO ka hoʻomau ʻana i nā hana US i hui pū me nā hoʻouka kaua Taliban ma waho o nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Kandahar a me Lashkar Gah. Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka Taliban i kēia mau hoʻouka kaua, ma luna o nā pūʻali aupuni Afghan ma mua o nā ʻAmelika, ʻaʻole i uhaki i ka ʻaelike akā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻo US, wahi a Smith. "ʻO ia ke kumu e ʻike ai ʻoe i ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā mokulele mai ʻOkakopa 2020 i ka hoʻāʻo nui ʻana o nā ʻAmelika e pale aku i kēlā mau kapena panalāʻau," wahi āna.

Ua hōʻike hou ʻia ʻo Amnesty International ʻO ka mea i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia he mokulele mokulele US ma Kunduz i Nowemapa 2020 nāna i pepehi i ʻelua mau wahine kīwila, ʻo Bilqiseh bint Abdul Qadir (21) a me Nouriyeh bint Abdul Khaliq (25), a me hoʻokahi kāne, ʻo Qader Khan (24). ʻO nā ʻāpana pū i hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai ke kahua i kuhikuhi maopopo ʻia i kahi hahau US. Ua maopopo i kēia manawa ua hana malū ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i 69 mau hahau ma Afghanistan i kēlā mahina wale nō.

Mai ka lilo ʻana i keʻena i ka hopena o Ianuali 2021, ua nānā mua ʻo Joe Biden i kahi hāʻule liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka piʻi nui ʻana, ʻoiai ua pau ka noho ʻana o ka US he 20 mau makahiki i kahi hoʻoneʻe ʻino a me ka hoʻohaunaele.

I loko o nā mahina hope loa ʻekolu o ka noho ʻana o ʻAmelika, ua kī ʻia nā mea kaua 226 i 97 airstrikes e ka US (a me nā hui like ʻole) i loko o kahi manaʻo hoʻopaʻapaʻa e hoʻōki i ka holo uila o ka Taliban. ʻO ka hapa nui o ia mau hana i pili paha i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka lewa e kōkua ana i nā pūʻali koa aupuni o Afghan ma nā kūlanakauhale, ka poʻe i hoʻopau ʻia. ʻO ka pilikia i ʻike ʻia o nā poʻe kīwila kiʻekiʻe mai ua ʻike lōʻihi ia mau hana.

I loko o ka haunaele o nā lā hope o ke kaua, ua make ka nui o nā kānaka kīwila a me 13 mau pūʻali koa US i kahi hoʻouka pepehi kanaka ISIS-K i ka wā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai nā pūʻali koa US iā lākou iho i loko o ke kahua mokulele ʻo Kabul a ʻo ka poʻe ʻo Afghans makemake nui i holo i ka pūnaewele me ka manaʻo e holo i ka ʻāina.

A i ka hoʻouka kaua hope loa o ka noho ʻana o ʻAmelika, ua make nā kānaka kīwila he 10 i ka wā i huikau ai nā mea hoʻohana drone ʻAmelika i kahi makua kāne e hoʻi ana i kona home me kahi mea hoʻoweliweli Islamic State. I ka pule aku nei, ua Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Pentagon ʻaʻole e hana ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana ma ia hahau.

Ua hoopunipuni ka United Nations?

ʻO ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ʻikepili airstrike mahina i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2020 ua manaʻo ʻia hoʻi i ka United Nations ʻaʻole e hana hou ana ka US i nā hoʻouka kaua nui.

Ma kāna 2020 ʻelua hōʻike makahiki e pili ana i nā make kīwila ma Afghanistan a me kona Hōʻike 6 mahina no ka hapa mua o 2021, ka United Nations Assistance Mission to Afghanistan (UNAMA) i hoʻokani i ka hopena o ka US a me ke ao holoʻokoʻa - manaʻoʻiʻo ua pau ka hapa nui.

I ka makahiki 2020, ua hoʻopau ka UN, ʻoi aku ma mua o 3,000 mau kānaka kīwila Afghan i pepehi ʻia i ka hakakā mau ma waena o ka Taliban a me ke aupuni Afghan i ka manawa, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā pūʻali koa honua. Wahi a UNAMA, ua pepehi ʻia nā kānaka kīwila 341 i kēlā makahiki e nā mokulele mokulele - ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻopiʻi i ka make ʻana o 89 ma nā pūʻali honua.

Akā ʻo ka hōʻike makahiki 2020 a UNAMA i ʻōlelo ʻia ma hope o ka ʻaelike 29 o Pepeluali ma waena o US a me Taliban "ua hōʻemi nui ka pūʻali koa honua i kāna mau hana ea, me ka aneane ʻaʻohe mea i make i nā poʻe kīwila no ke koena o 2020."

Ua haʻi aku nā luna o UN iā Airwars i ka wā pōkole e manaʻoʻiʻo lākou ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Afghan Air Force i kēia manawa ke kuleana no ka aneane o nā make kīwila āpau mai nā mokulele. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ʻikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua mai AFCENT e hoʻololi i kēlā kiʻi. Ma waena o Malaki a me Kekemapa 2020, ʻo nā mahina piha o Trump ma ke keʻena, ua hoʻokō ʻo US i 413 airstrikes - e like me ka nui o ka makahiki 2015.

No ka hapa mua o 2021, ua hana like ʻo UNAMA i nā manaʻo like ʻole e pili ana i nā helu haʻahaʻa o ka US a me nā hoʻouka kaua honua, me ka ʻike ʻana "i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hapa mua o 2020, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā makaʻāinana i pepehi ʻia a hōʻeha ʻia i nā mokulele e 33 pākēneka. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻe make kīwila mai nā mokulele mokulele ʻo Afghan Air Force ma mua o ka pālua ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā pūʻali koa honua i ka liʻiliʻi loa.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻike mākou i kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 370 mau mea hoʻokūkū 'international' i hana ʻia ma 2021, kahi i hāʻule ma waena o lākou ma mua o 800 mau mea kaua.

ʻAʻole i pane koke ʻo UNAMA i nā nīnau inā e nānā hou ana ka UN i kāna mau ʻike hou, ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻikepili AFCENT.

Biden ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana

ʻO nā hōʻike ʻana o nā haneli o nā mokulele huna US ma Afghanistan i nā mahina mua o Joe Biden i ke keʻena e hōʻike ana ʻoiai ʻo nā hana US i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻē aʻe e like me Iraq a me Somalia, ua hoʻomau ka ikaika o ke kaua 20 makahiki ma Afghanistan a hiki i ka hopena. .

ʻOi aku ma mua o ʻelima mau manawa hou aku o US i hoʻokō ʻia ma Afghanistan mai Ianuali a ʻAukake 2021 ma mua o ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻē aʻe a pau o US i hui pū ʻia i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, hōʻike ʻo Airwars analysis.

"Ua lilo nā Airwars e akahele ana no kekahi manawa ʻO kēlā mau helu hoʻouka kaua hou no Afghanistan - inā hōʻike ʻia - e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoihana koa US ma lalo o Joe Biden ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, "wahi a ka luna o Airwars ʻo Chris Woods. "ʻO kēia ʻikepili hou i hoʻokuʻu ʻia - ʻaʻole pono e helu ʻia ma kahi mua - e kuhikuhi ana i ka pono wikiwiki no ka loiloi hou ʻana o nā hana US hou ma Afghanistan, me ka poʻe make kīwila."

Hoʻopau koke ʻia ka ʻikepili o Afghanistan i ʻAukake 2021. Ke hoʻolaha nei i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻokuʻu huna a me nā helu pū i ka Pentagon press corps i ke ahiahi o ka Pōʻalima, ua haʻi ʻōlelo nui ʻo DoD John Kirby. haʻi akula i nā mea paʻi: "ʻAʻohe mea lele ma Afghanistan mai ka pau ʻana o ka haʻalele ʻana."