Hōʻike ka ʻulaʻula X i kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ahi ai ma ka Naval Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment. ʻO ka polū X kahi o ka ʻōpihi i hoʻāʻo ʻia e ke Kaona o Chesapeake Beach.
Na Pat Elder, KahunaPualona.org,'Aukake 12, 2021
Ua hoʻokuʻu aku ke kaona ʻo Chesapeake i nā hopena hōʻike weliweli i ka lā 10 ʻAukake 2021 no PFAS i nā ʻōlio, nā iʻa, a me nā wahi lepo hoʻoliʻiliʻi. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he 1,060 ppt o PFAS i hōʻike ʻia i nā ʻōpua ua hopohopo no ka mea ʻo nā bivalves i hoʻāʻo ʻia mai kahi wahi 23 mile ka mamao, ma kekahi o nā wahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe maoli o ka Chesapeake Bay. I kēia manawa, ua loaʻa he 1,000 kapuaʻi mai ke kapakai o ka Naval Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment (NRL-CBD) i loaʻa he 9,470 ppt o nā lāʻau make, ʻoiai he 2,450 ppt ka nui o nā iʻa pōhaku. Kuhi nā mokuʻāina he nui i ka PFAS i ka wai inu i 20 ppt, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻokele ʻo Maryland i nā mea.
Hiki ke kaupaona ʻia kahi lawelawe liʻiliʻi o ka perch i kālua ʻia mai ka Chesapeake Bay ma kahi o 4 auneke a i ʻole 113 gram. Inā loaʻa nā waihona o nā iʻa i ka 9,470 ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia triona o PFAS, ʻo ia ka 9.47 mau ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia piliona, a ua like ia me 9.47 nanograms ma ka gram. (ng / g)
No laila, 9.47 ng / gx 113 g = 1,070 ng. ʻO ka lawelawe ʻana he 4 auneke he 1,070 nanograms o PFAS. E haʻi mākou i 4 auneke o kēia iʻa momona i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi makahiki ʻelima mau makahiki he 50 paona ke kaumaha.
Ua hoʻonohonoho ka European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) i kahi Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) no kahi keiki he 50 paona (22.6 kilo) ma 100 nanogram i kēlā me kēia pule o ʻehā mau kemikal PFAS, me PFOS.
ʻEhā mau auneke o ka perch i loaʻa iā 1,070 ng o PFAS ʻo 10 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka ʻEulopa pule palena no kā mākou keiki. He lāʻau make ka perch. ʻAʻole ia e pepehi i ke keiki, akā e maʻi paha ia i ka holo lōʻihi.
ʻAʻole pili ka ʻOihana o ke olakino a me ke kaiapuni ʻo Maryland i nā Marylanders e ʻai nei i kēia lāʻau make mai kahi ʻāpana iʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole pono nā wahine hāpai a hāpai paha e hoʻopau i ka perch i hopu ʻia i loko o kahi kokoke o ka Naval Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment. Ke maopopo koke nei ʻaʻole pono lākou e ʻai i nā iʻa mai kēlā me kēia wahi o ke kai kūʻono - a ʻaʻole hoʻi i kekahi.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena hōʻike e ka Town of Chesapeake Beach i ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe "mālama" i hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia i loko o ke kai kūʻono mai ke kaona i loaʻa he 506.9 ppt o nā "kemika mau loa". Perfluoropentanoic Acid (PFPeA), he pūʻali koa / heʻenalu surfactant i helu ʻia no ka nui o ka haumia. Loaʻa ka mana o Chesapeake Beach mai ke Kaona o North Beach, a me kahi ʻāpana o ka hema o ka moku ʻo Anne Arundel. Manaʻo ʻia he ʻino nā ʻano āpau o ka PFAS, ʻoiai ke ala mua no ke komo ʻana o ke kanaka ma o ka ʻai ʻana i nā iʻa iʻa mai nā wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia.
Ua hoʻolaha aku ke kaona ʻo Chesapeake Beach i kēia ʻōlelo:
"ʻAukake 10, 2021 (Chesapeake Beach, MD) - Ke hoʻomau nei ke kaona o Chesapeake Beach me ke Keʻena ʻo Environment o Maryland a me ka Navy o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e pili ana i nā hana hoʻoemi ma ka Navy Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment.
I Mei o 2021, ua hoʻolaha ke Kaona i ka wai inu o ke Kaona ʻaʻohe ona o nā per-a me nā polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS). Ua mālama ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ma nā luawai inu wai o ke Kaona, kahi e huki ai mai ka Aquia Aquifer.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wai inu o ke Kaona, ua hana hou ke Kaona i nā wai hou e hoʻāʻo ai i ka wai ʻauʻau o ke Kaona, ke ola wai kūloko a me ka wai Chesapeake Beach Water Reclaim (WRTP) no nā mea o ka per-a polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS). "
ʻOiai ua ʻōlelo ke kaona ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia i ka "wai wai kūloko", ua hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike ʻōpelu e ka Eurofins Environment Testing America, i ka lā 8/4/21, me nā koina GPS o 3842.084. 7630.601 e kuhi ana i kahi o ke kai kūʻono aia ma kahi o 23 mile SSE mai ke kahakai ʻo Chesapeake, 1 mile mai St. John Creek ma ka Hikina hikina o Maryland, kokoke i kahi ʻĀpana Hoʻonohonoho Wildlife Island ʻo Taylor. Aia ka pūnaewele ma kahi o 5.5 hikina o Cove Point Light House a manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā wahi maʻemaʻe loa o ka moku ʻo Chesapeake. E ʻike i ka Hōʻike ʻo Eurofins Oyster hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ke kaona.
Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka Rockfish a me ka Perch ma 3865.722, 7652.5429, aia ma kahi o 1,000 mau kapuaʻi kūwaho mai ka NRL-CBD. E ʻike i ka Hoike Iʻa Eurofins hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ke kaona.
Ma kahi wili ʻano ʻē, ua hana ʻia ka hōʻike ʻio a me nā iʻa i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e Eurofins ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea kūʻai aku:
nā hoa
8200 Bayside Rd.
ʻO Chesapeake, Maryland 20732
Attn: ʻO Holly Wahl
Pōkole ʻo PEER no nā limahana o ka lehulehu no ka kuleana kaiāulu, kahi hui kaiāulu alakaʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Silver Spring, Maryland e pale aku nei i nā whistleblowers a hoʻomālamalama i nā hana aupuni kū ʻole i ke kānāwai. ʻO Tim Whitehouse, Luna Hoʻokele o PEER i ʻōlelo ʻo kāna ʻoihana "ʻaʻole pili" i ke komisina ʻana i ka hōʻike.
Wahi a ke kaona ʻo Chesapeake Beach "hoʻomau e launa pū me ka Keʻena ʻo Environment o Maryland a me ka Navy o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e pili ana i nā hana hoʻoliʻiliʻi ma ka Laboratory Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment" a maopopo loa.
ʻO ke kaumaha, ʻaʻohe mea nāna e hoʻoweliweli i nā kemika i ke kaiapuni. Akā, ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā hopohopo lehulehu e pili ana i ka hōʻino ʻia o ka Navy o ka Chesapeake Bay. ʻO DOD mitigation kahi manaʻo i hoʻouka ʻia. Loaʻa ka laikini i ka lāʻau make ma o ka hoʻolaha ikaika, kākoʻo ʻana, a me ka pono.
Ke hōʻike ʻia nā pae kiʻekiʻe PFAS i loko o ka wai o St. Inigoes Creek e pili pū ana me ka Webster Field Annex o ka Patuxent River Naval Air Station i Pepeluali, 2020, ʻo Ira May, ka mea kiaʻi pekelala hoʻomaʻemaʻe pūnaewele no ke Keʻena ʻĀina o Maryland no ke kaiāulu, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i ka haumia i loko o ke kahawai, "inā aia", hiki ke loaʻa kahi kumu ʻē aʻe. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā kemika i nā landfills, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, a me nā biosolids a ma nā pūnaewele kahi i pīpī ai nā keʻena ahi kīwila.
ʻO ka landfill kokoke loa i ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o ka PFAS-laced firefighting foam ma ke kahua he 11 mile ka lōʻihi a ʻo ka hale e pili ana i ka hale kiaʻi 5 mile ka mamao.
"No laila, nui nā kumuwaiwai hiki," wahi a Mei. "Ma ka maka mua wale nō mākou o ka nānā ʻana i kēlā mau mea āpau." A aia nō lākou i ka hoʻomaka.
Ke uhi nei ka luna luna o ke kaiapuni ʻo Maryland no ka DOD. Ma hope ua hōʻike ka Navy he 84,756 ppt o PFAS i ka wai kai ma Webster Field, e hele ana i ke kahawai.
Aia kekahi mau hōʻike hou aʻe no kā obfuscation a Maryland e pili ana iā PFAS i ke ola wai o Chesapeake. I Kepakemapa 2020, ua hoʻopuka ke Keʻena ʻo Ke Kaiapuni ʻo Maryland (MDE) i kahi hōʻike i kapa ʻia ʻo “St. Ke aʻo nei ʻo Mary's Pilot Pilot i ka hanana o PFAS i ka wai o ka wai a me nā ʻoysters. ” (Ke aʻo Pilot PFAS) i kālailai i nā pae o nā a-a me nā poly fluoroalkyl (PFAS) i loko o ka wai kai a me nā ʻio. ʻO ke kikoʻī, ua hoʻoholo ka Study Pilot PFAS ʻoiai aia ʻo PFAS i ka wai kūpikipiki o ka muliwai ʻo St. Mary, ʻo nā mea nui i lalo o ka pilikia ma muli o nā loiloi e hoʻohana ana i nā leʻaleʻa a me nā pae hoʻohālikelike kikoʻī o ka ʻai ʻōpala.
ʻOiai ka hōʻike ʻana i kēia mau hopena ākea, kānalua nā ʻano anamana a me nā kumu no nā pae hōʻike i hoʻohana ʻia e MDE, a ʻo ia ka hopena o ke alakaʻi hewa ʻana i ka lehulehu, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi ʻano hoʻopunipuni a hoʻopunipuni hoʻi o ka palekana.
Ka hopena a ka MDE piʻi loa i nā hopena kūpono ma muli o ka ʻikepili maoli i hōʻiliʻili ʻia a hāʻule i ka haole ʻepekema ʻae ʻia a me nā pae hana i nā mua he nui. Ua hoʻāʻo a ua hōʻike ʻia ka PFAS Pilot Study e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o PFAS i kaʻiʻo oyster. Ua hana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e Alpha Analytical Laboratory o Mansfield, Massachusetts.
ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e ka Alpha Analytical Laboratory kahi palena palena o ka ʻike ʻana no nā ʻōlio ma hoʻokahi microgram no kēlā me kēia kilogram (1 /g / kg) i like ia me ka ʻāpana 1 i kēlā me kēia piliona, a i ʻole 1,000 mau ʻāpana o ka triona. (ppt.) No laila, i ka ʻike pākahi ʻia ʻana o kēlā me kēia hui PFAS, ʻaʻole hiki i ke ʻano kālailai ke hoʻohana i kekahi PFAS i loaʻa ma kahi o ka emi o 1,000 mau ʻāpana no triliona. ʻO ka hikiʻana o PFAS he mea hoʻohui; no laila, hoʻohui ʻia nā nui o kēlā me kēia hui e hōʻea i ka huina PFAS i loaʻa i kahi laʻana. ʻOi aku paha nā concentrations ma mua o nā kaukani mau ʻāpana o ka pākiona triona o nā toxins i loko o ka ʻōpika ʻoiai ka mokuʻāina e hōʻike nei "No Detect".
Ke uhi nei ʻo MDE no ka Navy ʻoiai ʻaʻole ka pule a ke kaona ʻo Chesapeake Beach inā paha ua hoʻoholo ʻia e lilo i mea pāʻani pono.
Ma lalo iho nei nā mea i loaʻa mai ka oyster a me nā iʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a ukali ʻia e kahi anamanaʻo PFAS e Pace Analytical o ka wai kūpono mai ka Chesapeake Beach Water Reclamation Plant Plant, (WRTP). Hoʻopili ʻia ka wai kūpono i loko o ke kai kūʻono ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana. ʻAʻole wehe ʻia nā kemika PFAS mai ka effluent i ke kaʻina hana.
Oyster
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid 180 ppt JB *
PFOS - Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid 470 ppt J
PFOSA - Perfluorooctanesulfonamide 410 ppt J
Huina 1,060
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ʻO Perch
PFOS - Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid 7,400 ppt
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid) 210 ppt JB
PFNA Perfluorononanoic acid) 770 ppt
PFDA Perfluorodecanoic acid) 370 ppt JB
PFHxS Perfluorohexane sulfonate) 210 ppt J
PFUnDA Perfluoroundecanoic acid) 510 ppt J
Huina 9,470 ppt
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ʻO Rockfish (Striped Bass)
PFOS - Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid 1,200 ppt
PFHxA - Perfluorohexanoic acid 220 ppt JB
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid 260 ppt JB
PFDA - Perfluorodecanoic acid 280 ppt JB
PFOSA - Perfluorooctanesulfonamide 200 ppt J
PFUnDA - Perfluoroundecanoic acid 290 ppt J
Huina 2,450 ppt
===============
J - ka hoʻohelu kahi waiwai kokoke; Loaʻa ʻo B - compound i ka hakahaka a me kahi laʻana.
Ke kaona ʻo Chesapeake Beach Water Reclaim Treatment Plant
Nā hopena maikaʻi no PFAS
ʻAi ʻia ka Wai 06/10/2021
Pace Kuʻikahi
ʻO Chesapeake Beach, MD
Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo Laʻana PFAS na ka Client Isutionope Dilution
PFAS Ka manaʻo
PFPeA - Perfluoropentanoic acid 350 ppt
PFBA - Perfluorobutyrate 13
PFBS - Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid 11
PFHxA - Perfluorohexanoic acid 110
PFHpA - Perfluoroheptanoic acid 6.4
PFHxS - Perfluorohexane sulfonate 2.3
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid 11
PFOS - Perfluorooctanesulfonic 3.2
Huina 506.9 ppt
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I Mei 2021, hoʻolaha ka Navy e loaʻa ka pae PFAS o ka pūnaewele NRL-CBD i ka lepo ma lalo o 8 miliona mau ʻāpana pākahi, ʻo ia paha nā pae kiʻekiʻe ma nā wahi āpau o ka honua. ʻO ka nui o ka haumia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo paha i ka hoʻomau o ka hoʻohaumia o ka ʻāina no nā makahiki he mau kaukani. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi kahawai e waiho ana i ke kumu he 5,464 ppt o nā mea ʻino ʻoiai e ʻike ʻia ka wai o ka honua i ka nui o 171,000 ppt. ʻO ka hoʻohaumia o ka lepo, ka wai o ka ʻili, a me ka wai o ka honua i aneane pau loa mai PFOS, ke kuhi ʻia ʻo ka PFAS ʻano make loa loa. Wahi a ka ʻOihana Wisconsin o ke kaiapuni ua pilikia ka olakino kanaka ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai ma luna o 2 ppt o PFOS, ma muli o ke ʻano bioaccumulative o PFOS i ka iʻa. Kuhi ka hapanui o nā mokuʻāina i nā pae wai papakū i 20 ppt, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo Maryland.
