ʻO ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa i hana ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope o ke kaua kauaʻo Iraq ka "ʻona huna"

ʻO nā "Secrets Secrets," i wehe ʻia i ka Pōʻalima ma NūIoka a me Los Angeles, ʻo ia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻoi loa e pili ana i ka hopena o ke kaua Iraq. He pololei ia, a no ka mea, hoʻonāukiuki like ia, hoʻonāukiuki, lana, a huhū hoʻi. E ʻoluʻolu e hele e ʻike.

Ua poina ia manawa, akā ʻo ke Kaua Iraq a me kāna mau mea inaina ʻia - ka haneli o nā haneli, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana o ka Islamic State, kahi puʻuwai pōkole i loko o Suria, a hiki paha i ke pelekikena o Donald Trump - aneane ʻaʻole hiki mai. I nā hebedoma ma mua o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i alakaʻi ʻia e US ma Malaki 19, ʻo 2003, ua hāʻule ke kihi ʻAmelika a me Pelekane no ke kaua. He ʻano he jalopy maikaʻi ʻole, ʻoki ana kona mīkini a me nā ʻāpana āpau e hāʻule ana i ke ala ma ke ala.

No kēia manawa pōkole, ua ʻike nui ke aupuni ʻo George W. Bush He mea paʻakikī loa ia no ka hoʻomā ʻana o ka US ma waho o ka UK, ʻo kāna Mini-Me e kū pono ana ma kona ʻaoʻao. Akā ma UK, ʻo ka manaʻo o ke kaua me ka ʻole i ʻae ʻia mai ka United Nations Security Council kaulana ʻole. ^ E Ha yM. Eia kekahi, ʻike mākou i kēia manawa, ua loaʻa iā Peter Goldsmith, ka loio Pelekane Nui i haʻi iā ke Kuhina Nui Tony Blair "ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka hoʻoholo ʻana o Iraq e ke Keʻena palekana i ka mahina ʻo Nowemapa 2002" ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pūʻali koa me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e ka Security Security. "(ʻO ka loio kiʻekiʻe ma ka Office Foreign, ʻo ka Pelekane o ka US State Department, i kau ai. 'Oi aku ka ikaika: "Ke hoʻohana' ana me ka mana o ka 'Oihana no ka' Oihana Hāpai, e nui ana ka hewa o ka hoʻomake 'ana.") No laila makemake' o Blair e hana mai i nā limahana mai ka UN

Ma Lūkini 1, ua hoʻolei ka UK Observer i kahi grenade i loko o kēia kūlana lehulehu ʻole: a i ka leka uila Ianuali 31 mai kahi luna hoʻomalu aupuni Kākoʻo National. Ke koi nei ka luna NSA i kahi kī piha hoʻokolokolo piha piha i nā lālā o ka Security Security - "minus US a me GBR of course," ʻōlelo a ka luna jocularly - me nā aupuni pū kekahi ʻoi Kālepie paha e hoʻopuka nei i kahi kamaʻilio maikaʻi.

ʻO kēia mea i hōʻike ai ʻo Bush lāua ʻo Blair, ka mea nāna i ʻōlelo ʻelua makemake lāua e ʻāpiki ke Keʻena Hauleʻa i kahi koho kūpaʻa a i ʻole i lalo i ka hoʻoholo e hāʻawi ana i ka pono kānāwai no ka hōʻoia i ke kaua, ua kīwī. ʻIke lākou ua nalowale nei. Ua hōʻike aku nō naʻe ʻoiai ua ʻōlelo lākou i e hoʻouka kaua iā ʻIraka no ka mea nui lākou e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka pono o ka UN, ua hauʻoli lākou e kaomi i nā hoa o ka UN, a hiki i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea blackmail. Ua hōʻoia i ka hoʻolālā NSA he lawa ʻole ia, ma kahi o ka honua ʻike labyrinthine, ua huhū kekahi i makemake ʻo ia e makaʻu i ka hele i ka hale paʻahao no ka manawa lōʻihi.

ʻO Katharine Gun kēlā kanaka ia.

Pāʻani maʻalea i ka "Official Secrets" na Keira Knightley, he mea unuhi unuhi ʻo Gun ma ke keʻena laulā ʻo General Communications, ka mea like Pelekane o ka NSA. Ma hoʻokahi pae, ʻo "Secrets Secrets" kahi hana maʻalahi a me ke ʻano kānalua e pili ana iā ia. Ua aʻo ʻoe pehea i loaʻa ai iā ia ka leka uila, no ke aha ʻo ia i hoʻopuka ai, pehea ʻo ia i hana ai, no ke aha i haʻi koke aku ai, nā hopena weliweli i kū i mua ona, a me ka hoʻolālā kū kānāwai kū hoʻokahi i koi aku i ke aupuni Pelekane e hoʻokau i nā hoʻopiʻi āpau iā ia. I kēlā manawa, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Daniel Ellsberg ʻo kāna hana he "ʻoi aku ka manawa kūpono a ʻoi aku paha ka nui ma mua o nā Pentagon Papers ... ʻo ka haʻi ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e like me kēia e hiki ai ke hoʻopau i kahi kaua."

Ma kahi papa subtler, nīnau ka nūhou i kēia nīnau: No ke aha i hana ʻole ai ka leaka i kahi ʻoiaʻiʻo? ʻAe, ua kōkua nō i ka kūʻē i ka US a me UK ma ka Hoʻokele Haumaha, ʻaʻole i koho ʻē i kekahi hoʻonā Iraq hou, no ka mea ua ʻike ʻo Bush lāua ʻo Blair e nalowale lākou. Eia naʻe ua hiki iā Blair ke pale i kēia a loaʻa i ke koho balota e ka Pelekānia Pelekane i kekahi mau pule ma hope iho i mea e hoʻōki ai kāna kaua.

Aia hoʻokahi pane nui i kēia nīnau, ʻelua ma nā "Secrets Secrets" a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻo ka media media US. ʻO nā "Secrets Secrets" kōkua i ke kiʻi ʻana i ka malfeasance ideological e ka nūpepa ʻAmelika, ka mea i lele ikaika i kēia grenade e hoʻopakele i kāna mau hoa foxhole i ka hoʻoponopono Bush.

He mea maʻalahi loa ke kuhi ʻana i kahi mōʻaukala ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka mea a mākou i noho ai. ʻO nā mea kālai'āina Pelekane, e like me nā mea ʻAmelika, he mea hōʻino e hoʻāhewa ai i nā ʻoihana ʻike. Akā ʻo ka hana koʻikoʻi ma ka moʻolelo Observer e ka elite US media ua lilo ka manaʻo mai nā lālā o ka US Congress. Ua hoʻomaka kēia i ka wehe ʻana i nā wahi no nā lālā Pelekane e kūʻē i ka kūʻē ʻana e nīnau i ka mea e hana nei ma ka honua. Ua pau ka wikiwiki o ke kaua no ke kaua, a hiki wale i kekahi lohi i ke anuanu hiki ke lilo i kūlana paʻa ʻole. Ua ʻike lāua ʻo Bush lāua ʻo Blair, a no ke kumu a lākou i koi mua ai me ka hōʻoluʻolu.

Akā ma kēia ao, ua paʻi maoli ka New York Times i kekahi mea e pili ana i ka lele ʻo NSA ma waena o ka lā o kāna hoʻolaha ʻana i ka UK a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaua ma kahi o ʻekolu pule ma hope aʻe. Ua hoʻokomo ʻo Washington Post i kahi huaʻōlelo 500 hoʻokahi huaʻōlelo ma ka ʻaoʻao A17. ʻO kāna poʻomanaʻo: "Spying Report No Shock to UN" Ua haʻi like ka Los Angeles Times i kahi ʻāpana ma mua o ke kaua, kahi poʻomanaʻo nāna e wehewehe, "Pale nui a ʻaʻole paha, haʻi ʻia kekahi mea ʻaʻole i hana." ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻo mua a CIA e manaʻo e ʻaʻole maoli ka leka uila.

ʻO kēia ka lāliʻi nui loa o ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana i ka moʻolelo o Observer. E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o nā "Secrets Official", ua makemake mua ke kelepona ʻAmelika i kahi mea i hoʻopiʻi i kekahi o nā mea hōʻike o ka Observer. Ua hoʻohemo koke ʻia kēia mau mea kono i ka haʻi ʻana o Drudge Report i he hoʻopunipuni ka leka uila. No ke aha mai? No ka mea ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mākaʻikaʻi Pelekane o nā huaʻōlelo, e like me ke "makemake ʻia", a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke kākau ʻia e kekahi ʻAmelika.

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻohana ka liu kumu i ka Observer i nā pela ʻana o ʻAmelika, akā ma mua o ka paʻi ʻia ʻana ua hoʻololi kuhi hewa nā limahana kākoʻo iā lākou i nā mana Pelekane me ka ʻike ʻole o ka poʻe kūkala nūhou. A e like me ka mea maʻamau ke alo i kahi hoʻouka kaua mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, nā pūnaewele kīwī ma ka US cowered i ka weliweli weliweli. I ka manawa i hoʻopololei ʻia ai ka pela pela ʻana, ua heʻe lākou i hoʻokahi mile i kahi mamao mai ka scoop o ka Observer a ʻaʻohe o lākou hoihoi i ka nānā hou ʻana iā ia.

ʻO ka nānā nui loa i ka moʻolelo ua mahalo nui ʻia i ka mea kākau moʻolelo a me ka mea hana Norman Solomon, a me ka hui āna i kūkulu ai, ʻo ke Institute for Public Accuracy, a i ʻole IPA. Ua huakaʻi ʻo Solomona iā Baghdad i mau mahina ma mua iho a ua kākau like ʻo ia i ka puke “Target Iraq: He aha ka mea nūhou e haʻi ʻole iā ʻoe, "I puka i ka hopena o Ianuali 2003.

I kēia lā, hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Solomona "ua aloha wau i ka pilina pili ʻole - a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, ka mea aʻu e wehewehe ai i ke aloha - no ka mea, ʻo wai ka mea i lawe i ka nui o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka memo NSA. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka manawa e kuhi wau e pili ana i ka mea nāna i hana. "Ma hope koke ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi kolamu ʻatikala i kapa ʻia ʻo" American Media Dodging UN Surveillance Story. "

No ke aha i ʻole ai e uhi ai ka pepa o ke kākau inoa iā ia, nīnau akula ʻo Solomona iā Alison Smale, a laila he luna ʻelele haole ʻē aʻe ma ka New York Times. "ʻAʻole ia no ka makemake mākou," ʻōlelo a Smale iā ia. ʻO ka pilikia ʻo "ka hiki ʻole iā mākou ke kiʻi i ke kiʻi a manaʻo ʻole" e pili ana i ka leka uila NSA mai nā luna o US. Akā, "Ke ʻike mau nei mākou i laila," wahi a Smale. "ʻAʻole kā mākou."

ʻAʻole i haʻi ʻo The Times iā Gun a hiki i Ianuali 2004, 10 mau mahina ma hope. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao nūhou. Ma kahi o, mahalo i ke koi ʻana mai IPA, ua nānā ke kolamu o ka manawa ʻo Bob Herbert i loko o ka moʻolelo, a me ka pīhoihoi i ka hala ʻana o nā mea hoʻoponopono nūhou. ua lawe iā ia.

I kēia manawa, makemake paha ʻoe e hāʻule i lalo i ka minamina. Akā ʻaʻole. No ka mea eia ke kumu hoʻomalelie maikaʻi ʻole o ka moʻolelo - kahi mea paʻakikī loa ʻole i hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia i loko o nā "Secrets Official".

APAI HUI IA hoʻoholo ana ʻo ia e pono i ka leka uila o ka NSA? Ua hōʻike wale ʻia ʻo ia i kekahi o kāna mau koi pono.

"Ua kānalua loa wau e pili ana i nā paio no ke kaua," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma o ka leka uila. No laila ua hele ʻo ia i kahi hale kūʻai puke a hele i ka ʻaoʻao polikika a nānā i kekahi mea e pili ana iā ʻIraka. Ua kūʻai ʻo ia i ʻelua mau puke a heluhelu i ka uhi ma hope o ka hopena pule. ʻO lākou pū kekahi i "hōʻoiaʻiʻo iaʻu ʻaʻole he hōʻike maoli no kēia kaua."

ʻO kekahi o kēia mau puke ʻo "ʻO ke hoʻolālā kaua o Iraq: He ʻumi mau kumu e kūʻē ai i ke kaua ma Iraq”E Milan Rai. ʻO ka lua ʻo "Target Iraq," ʻo ia ka puke a kākau ʻia e Solomona.

ʻO "Target Iraq" i paʻi ʻia e Context Books, kahi hale liʻiliʻi kahi i hōʻiliʻili ma hope koke iho. Ua hōʻea ʻia i nā hale kūʻai i nā hebedoma wale nō ma mua o loaʻa iā Gun. I loko o kekahi mau lā ma hope iho o kāna heluhelu ʻana, ua puka aku ka leka uila o Ianuali 31 NSA i loko o kāna inbox, a ua hoʻoholo koke ʻo ia i kāna mea e hana ai.

"Loʻopa wau i ka lohe ʻana iā Katharine e ʻōlelo ana ka puke 'Target Iraq' i kāna hoʻoholo no ka hōʻike ʻana i ka memo NSA," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Solomona. "ʻAʻole au i ʻike pehea e maopopo iki ai iaʻu."

He aha ke ʻano o kēia mau mea āpau?

No nā mea nūpepa e mālama pono ana i nā hana paʻi, ʻo ia ka mea, ʻoiai paha ka manaʻo pinepine iā ʻoe e ʻā ʻoe me ka lele ʻana i ka makani, ʻaʻole hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka mea e hiki mai ai kāu hana a pehea e hoʻopilikia ai iā lākou. ʻAʻole nā ​​ka poʻe i loko o nā kaohi nunui a me nā mana ikaika a pau i nā maʻa pono ʻole. ʻO ka hapanui maʻamau ka poʻe maʻamau e noho ana ma kahi o ka honua e like me ka poʻe āpau a, me ka poʻe ʻē aʻe, e hakakā nei i ka hana kūpono e like me kā lākou e ʻike ai. E mālama nui i ka manawa e kamaʻilio pū ai ʻoe me kekahi e hana paha i kahi hana āu e manaʻo ʻole ai.

No ka poʻe nonjournalists a me ka poʻe nūpepa, ʻo ia nō ka haʻawina: mai kaumaha. Ua kaumaha loa ʻo Solomon lāua ʻo Gun i hana lāua i nā mea āpau a lāua i manaʻo ai e hōʻoki i ke kaua ʻIraka, a ua hana ʻia nō ia. "Ua hauʻoli wau i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hopena ripple e kahi puke aʻu i kākau ai," wahi a Solomon. "Ma ka manawa like, manaʻo maoli wau he mea nui ʻole kaʻu e manaʻo ai."

Akā manaʻo wau ʻo ko Gun a me ko Solomon manaʻo hemahema ke ʻano hewa o ka nānā ʻana i nā mea a lākou i hana ai a me nā mea e hiki ai i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ke hana. ʻO ka poʻe i hoʻāʻo e kāpae i ke kaua Vietnam ua kūleʻa wale nō ma hope o ka make ʻana o miliona, a ʻo ka hapa nui o kēlā mau mea kākau a me nā mea hoʻouluulu ʻike lākou iā lākou iho me he mea maikaʻi ʻole pū kekahi. Akā i nā makahiki 1980, i ka manawa i makemake ai nā ʻaoʻao o ka hoʻomalu Reagan e alakaʻi i nā hoʻouka holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa ma Lākana ʻAmelika, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke haʻalele iā ia ma muli o ke kumu o ka hoʻonohonoho a me ka ʻike i hoʻokumu ʻia i mau makahiki ma mua. ʻO ka ʻawaʻawa maoli ka noho ʻana o ka US no kāna koho ʻelua - ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā pūʻulu make i luku ʻia he ʻumi tausani tausani a puni ka ʻāina - ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka pōkā kapakapa Vietnam.

Pēlā nō, Gun, Solomon a me nā miliona o ka poʻe i kaua i ke kaua nui i Iraq i kūleʻa, i kekahi ʻano. Akā ʻo ka mea e hoʻolohe ana a laila ua ʻike ʻo ia ʻo ʻIraka i manaʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻanuʻu mua loa i ka naʻi aupuni ʻana o ka US ma ka Hikina Waena holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole lākou i pale i ke kaua Iraq. Akā ʻo lākou, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ke Kaua ʻIran.

No laila e nānā "Nā Kuleana Official”Ke hōʻike ʻia i loko o kahi hale keaka kokoke iā ʻoe. ʻAʻole ʻike iki ʻoe i kahi kiʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manaʻo o kekahi e hoʻāʻo e hana i kahi koho pono maoli, ʻoiai inā maopopo ʻole, ʻoiai ʻo ia e weliweli, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ia e noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hiki mai ana.