Nā Plutocrats no ka Peace: ka Nobel-Carnegie Model

Na David Swanson, Dec 10, 2014

"E Fredrik, e ka Pōʻalima i hala, ua hele au i kahi hanana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Carnegie Corporation i ka makahiki hoʻomanaʻo o ka pau ʻana o WWI. Ua loohia wau i ka like o ko Andrew Carnegie mau manaʻo, a me kāna mea aloha, iā Alfred Nobel's. ʻIke paha ʻoe inā pili paha lākou? ʻO nā mea maikaʻi loa, Peter [Weiss].

"ʻO kēia nā nīnau a Petero: no ke aha nā mea like? Ua launa paha ʻo Carnegie a me Nobel? A naʻu kēia: no ke aha e hoihoi ai ka pili - a me ka hopena? -ʻO Fredrik S. Heffermehl. "

ʻO ka mea i hōʻikeʻia ma luna nei,ʻo ia ka hoʻolahaʻana no kahi hoʻokūkū NobelWill.org ua lanakila wale wau me kēia:

ʻAʻole maopopo iā mākou, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kāpae, he hālāwai alo a he alo, a i ʻole he kūkaʻi leka, ma waena o Alfred Nobel a me Andrew Carnegie i hiki ke wehewehe i ke ʻano like ʻole o ko Andrew Carnegie mau manaʻo, a me kāna mea aloha, iā Alfred Nobel's . ” Akā ua wehewehe iki ʻia ka like e ka moʻomeheu o ka lā. ʻAʻole wale lākou nā taʻi e hoʻopukapuka kālā i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kaua, ʻo ka mea waiwai loa wale nō. E wehewehe hou ʻia paha e ka mea ʻo ka mana nui ma luna o lāua ʻelua i loko o kā lāua philanthropy maluhia ka mea like, kahi wahine i hui pū iā lāua ʻelua a he mau hoaaloha pili loa me Nobel - Bertha von Suttner. Eia hou, ua hele mua mai ko Nobel philanthropy aloha a ua lilo ia i mea mana ma Carnegie's. Hāʻawi lāua ʻelua i mau laʻana maikaʻi loa no ka waiwai nui o kēia lā - ʻoi loa ka waiwai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma mua o Carnegie, akā ʻaʻohe o lākou i kau i kahi hapawalu i ke kālā e hoʻopau ai i ke kaua. * Hāʻawi pū lākou i mau laʻana maikaʻi loa no ka hana i kauoha ʻia ma ke kānāwai e kā lākou ʻoihana ponoʻī. ka mea i hele hewa mamao loa.

ʻO Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) lāua ʻo Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919) i noho i ke au me nā kānaka waiwai nui ʻē aʻe ma mua o kēia lā; a ʻo kā Carnegie waiwai i kūlike ʻole me ko kēia lā waiwai nui loa. Akā ua hāʻawi lākou i kahi pākēneka kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou waiwai ma mua o kā ka poʻe waiwai o kēia lā i hana ai. Hāʻawi ʻo Carnegie i kahi kālā kiʻekiʻe aʻe, i hoʻoponopono ʻia no ka hoʻonui kālā, ma mua o nā mea ʻekolu a nā ʻAmelika wale nō (Gates, Buffett, a me Soros) i hāʻawi mai i kēia manawa.

ʻAʻohe mea i loko Forbes ua hōʻoia ka papa inoa o nā mea nui loa o ka 50 o nā philanthropists e hoʻopau i ke kaua. No ka Nobel a me Carnegie i uku nui i kēlā papahana i ka wā e ola ana lākou, a hoʻokomo i ka hoʻolahaʻana iā ia ma waho o kā lākou kālā kālā. Ma mua o ko lākou makeʻana, ua hoʻoholo lākou e haʻalele iā lākou i kahi hoʻoilina e hoʻomau ai i ke kālā kālā e ho'ēmi a hoʻoemi i ke kaua mai ka honua. He nui nā hana maikaʻi o kēlā mau hana hoʻoilina a he hiki i ka hana e hana nui aku, a no ka holomua. Akā, ua ola lāuaʻelua i loko o kekahi au i hōʻoleʻole i ka hiki i ka maluhia, a uaʻauwana nā huiʻelua mai kā lākou hana i hanaʻia, e hoʻololi ana i kā lākou mau misionari e kūlike i nā manawa, ma mua o ka hōʻoleʻana i ka hoʻouka kaua o ka moʻomeheu ma o ka hoʻokauʻana i kā lākou mau kauoha a me ke kānāwai. .

He aha nā meaʻoluʻolu a me nā pili e pili ana i nā like likeʻole o Nobel a me Carnegie, aʻo ka nui o kā lākou mau haʻawina aloha no ka maluhia e hua mai ana i ko lākou manawa. Ua lilo lāua i mau hana hoʻomalu, akā ua makemake lāuaʻelua i ka hoʻopauʻana i ke kaua ma mua o ka hoʻokōʻana. Ua maʻalahi ka manaʻo i ko lākou mau makahiki i kēia manawa. ʻO ka hauʻoli nui o ka Philanthropy no ka maluhia, akā naʻe,ʻaʻole e like me ke ana hoʻokahi a me nā hopena i mālamaʻia aiʻo Nobel a me Carnegie.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi loa ka hopena o ka Nobel a me Carnegie i noho paʻa ai e hoʻoholo ʻia, e nā hana e hana ai ka poʻe ola e hoʻokō i ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki no ka Nobel Peace Prize a me ka Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a me nā hana a mākou e hana ai e alualu i ka papa hana maluhia ma waho o kēlā mau ʻoihana, a malia paha e nā philanthropists o kēia manawa e loaʻa paha nā ala e hoʻohālike ai i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i hala. Ma 2010, Warren Buffett a me Bill a me Melinda Gates i paipai i nā piliona e hāʻawi i ka hapalua o kā lākou waiwai (ʻaʻole i ka Nobel-Carnegie hae, akā nui nō naʻe). Ua wehewehe ʻo Buffett i nā pūlima mua a 81 biliona ma kā lākou hoʻohiki ʻana e like me "81 Gospels of Wealth," no ka hoʻokupu iā "The Gospel of Wealth," kahi ʻatikala a me kahi puke na Carnegie.

He paʻakikī e hōʻoia i ka pili ʻole o Carnegie a me Nobel. Ke hana nei mākou ma aneʻi me nā mea kākau leka hua nui i ka makahiki kākau palapala, a me nā kāne ʻelua a mākou e ʻike nei ua nalowale nā ​​palapala mai ka mōʻaukala i nā helu he nui. Akā ua heluhelu au i kekahi mau hana biograpia o lāua ʻelua a me nā hoa aloha i like pū lākou. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau puke e pili ana i nā kāne ʻelua i kahi ala inā ʻike ka mea kākau iā lākou ua hui a kamaʻilio paha inā ua haʻi ʻia. Akā he nīnau ʻulaʻula paha kēia nīnau. Inā pili ʻo Nobel a me Carnegie i kekahi i kekahi, ʻaʻole maopopo ia ʻaʻole ākea a ʻaʻole nō ka mea e like ai lākou i nā ʻano e pili ana i ka maluhia a me ke aloha. He kumu hoʻohālike ʻo Nobel no Carnegie, ʻoiai ʻo kāna aloha aloha ma mua o Carnegie i ka manawa. Ua koi ʻia nā kāne ʻelua e kekahi o nā mea kākoʻo maluhia like, ʻo ka mea nui ʻo Bertha von Suttner. Kupaianaha nā kāne ʻelua, akā ua noho lāua ʻelua i kahi wā kahi kālā e holomua ai i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaua kekahi mea i hana ʻia, ʻokoʻa ka lā i kēia manawa kahi mea i hana ʻole ʻia - ʻaʻole hoʻi e ke Kōmike Nobel a i ʻole ka Hoʻāpono Carnegie no. Ka Maluhia Honua.

Hiki i kekahi ke papa inoa i hoʻokahi haneli like a me nā like ʻole ma waena o Nobel a me Carnegie. ʻO kekahi o nā mea like i pili iki paha i kēia. Ua neʻe nā kāne ʻelua i ko lāua wā ʻōpio, Nobel mai Suedena a Lūkia i ka makahiki 9, ʻo Carnegie mai Skotlandia a i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 12. Ua maʻi lāua ʻelua. ʻAʻole i loaʻa kahi kula kula ʻelua (ʻaʻole no ka wā maʻamau). ʻO lāua he mau bachelors lōʻihi, Nobel no ke ola, a ʻo Carnegie i kāna mau 50s. He huakaʻi hele lāua ʻelua, cosmopolitans, a me (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Nobel) mau mea neʻe. Ua kākau ʻo Carnegie i nā puke huakaʻi. ʻO lāua nā mea kākau o nā ʻano lehulehu me ka lehulehu o nā hoihoi a me ka ʻike. Ua kākau ʻo Nobel i nā mele. Ua hana ʻo Carnegie i ka nūpepa, a ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia no ka mana o ka nūhou e hōʻike ana ʻo "Dynamite ke pāʻani a ke keiki i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka nūpepa." ʻO Dynamite kekahi o kā Nobel mau mea i haku ai, a me kahi huahana a kekahi e hoʻohana ai e hoʻā i ka hale o Carnegie (kahi mea kākau moʻolelo aʻu i noi aku ai e kuhikuhi ana ma ke ʻano he pili kokoke loa ma waena o nā kāne ʻelua). He hapa lāua ʻelua akā ʻaʻole ka mea waiwai nui i ke kaua. Paʻa paʻakikī nā mea ʻelua, contradictory, a ʻoiaʻiʻo nō i ka hewa i hāpai ʻia ai. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Nobel e noʻonoʻo pono i kāna hana ʻana i nā mea kaua me ka manaʻo ʻo ka lawa ʻana o nā mea kaua e hoʻohuli ai i ka poʻe e haʻalele i ke kaua (kahi manaʻo maʻamau a hiki i ka makahiki o nā lāhui nukelea e hana nei a eo ana nā kaua he nui). Ua hoʻohana ʻo Carnegie i ka pūʻali koa e kāpae i nā kuleana o nā limahana, ua loaʻa iā ia ka haʻihaʻi e holo ana i nā telegarapa no ke aupuni US i ka wā o ke Kaua Kivila o US, a ua loaʻa kālā mai ke Kaua Honua Honua.

ʻO ke kūʻē e ʻike pono ka poʻe e ulu waiwai ana i ka mea e hana ai me kā lākou waiwai paʻa i kākoʻo maoli ʻia e nā hiʻohiʻona o Nobel a me Carnegie, ʻoiai lākou e pili ana i kēia - ʻoiaʻiʻo - nā hihia kūikawā ma mua o ke kānāwai. He paʻakikī loa e hoʻopaʻapaʻa me ke kumu nui o ka mea a lākou i hana ai me kā lākou kālā, a ʻo ka hana a Carnegie i waiho ai no kāna Endowment for Peace kahi mea o ke ʻano o ka pono e hoʻohilahila i kekahi polofesa o nā loina. E lilo ke kālā a Carnegie i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaua, ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana ʻino loa e kū nei. Akā i ka manawa i hoʻopau ʻia ai ke kaua, ʻo ka Endowment ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano ʻoi loa o ka ʻoihana ʻino, a hoʻomaka i ka hana e hoʻopau i kēlā a i ʻole e hoʻokumu i kahi ʻoihana hou e hana i ka maikaʻi loa. (ʻAʻole anei kēia kahi mea e hana ai i kekahi kanaka kūpono, i uku ʻia ai ʻole paha?) Eia ka paukū pili:

"Ke komo nā lāhui civila i loko o nā kuʻikahi e like me ka inoa a i ʻole ke kaua i kiola ʻia e like me ka mea hilahila i nā kāne makaʻāinana, ʻoiai ke kaua pilikino (dueling) a me ke kāne e kūʻai aku ana a kūʻai aku (kauā) ua hoʻolei ʻia i loko o nā palena ākea o kā mākou lāhui ʻōlelo Pelekane. e ʻoluʻolu a laila e noʻonoʻo he aha ka mea e hōʻino loa ai i ka ʻino a i ʻole nā ​​ʻino paha, nona ka hoʻokuke ʻana - a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻokiʻekiʻe hou a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana inā hoʻolauna ʻia a i ʻānai ʻia, a i hui pū ʻia paha - e holomua i ka holomua, ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka hauʻoli o ke kanaka, a pēlā aku kenekulia a kenekulia me ka pau ʻole, e hoʻoholo koʻu mau kahu o kēlā me kēia makahiki pehea e hiki ai iā lākou ke kōkua maikaʻi loa i ke kanaka i ka neʻe ʻana i luna a i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā hanana me ka hoʻomau ʻole, no ka mea, ke ʻike nei mākou ma ke ʻano he kānāwai no kona lilo ʻana i kanaka me ka makemake a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia, perchance, ʻaʻohe palena palena ʻole o ka maikaʻi ma aneʻi i kēia ola ma ka honua. "

Eia ka paukū kī mai ka makemake o Alfred Nobel, nāna i hana i ʻelima mau makana e like me:

"Hoʻokahi ʻāpana i ke kanaka nāna i hana ka hapa nui a i ʻole ka hana ʻoi loa no ka fraternity ma waena o nā lāhui, no ka hoʻopau ʻana a hōʻemi ʻana paha o nā pūʻali kū a no ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻaha kūkā maluhia."

Ua loaʻa iā Nobel lāua ʻo Carnegie i ke ala i ke kūʻē ʻana i ke kaua ma o ka moʻomeheu maʻamau a puni lākou. ʻO Nobel he peahi o Percy Bysshe Shelley. ʻO kā Carnegie manaʻo i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna o ka holomua i ka hoʻokahuli ʻana i ke kauā, dueling, a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe - me ke kaua e hoʻohui ʻia i ka papa inoa - hiki ke loaʻa i nā US abolitionists mua (o ke kauā a me ke kaua) e like me Charles Sumner. ʻO Carnegie he 1898 anti-imperialist. Ua hāpai aʻe ʻo Nobel i ka manaʻo no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaua iā Bertha von Suttner, ʻaʻole ma kahi ʻē aʻe. Akā na ke kākoʻo kūpaʻa mau ʻole o von Suttner a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻoneʻe i nā kāne ʻelua e hana e like me kā lākou i hana ai i kahi mea kiʻekiʻe loa, mahalo ʻia, ʻaʻole e ʻōlelo i ka neʻe maluhia aristocratic i holomua ma o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā VIP a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻaha kūkā. me nā luna aupuni kūlana kiʻekiʻe, i kū ʻole i ka neʻe ʻana, nā hōʻikeʻike, a i ʻole nā ​​kūʻē e nā lehulehu inoa ʻole. Ua hoʻohuli ʻo Bertha von Suttner iā Nobel mua a laila Carnegie e hoʻolako kālā iā ia, kāna mau mea kōkua, a me ka neʻe holoʻokoʻa.

No lāuaʻo Nobel a me Carnegie i nānā aku iā lākou iho heʻano koa a nānā i ka honua ma o kēlā lelo. Ua hoʻokumuʻo Nobel i makana no kēlā me kēia alakaʻi, akā naʻe,ʻaʻole i mālamaʻia e like me ka mea i manaʻoʻia (e hele ana i kekahi manawa aʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi kanaka a i kekahi hui). Ua hana likeʻo Carnegie i kahi pūʻulu Hero e uku ai, a no kaʻikeʻana i ke ao nei, nā koa o ka maluhia,ʻaʻole kaua.

ʻO nā kāne ʻelua, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ua waiho lākou i nā ʻōlelo aʻo no ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou kālā no ka maluhia. Ua manaʻo lāua ʻelua e waiho i kahi hoʻoilina i ka honua, ʻaʻole wale i ko lākou ʻohana pilikino, ʻaʻohe o Nobel. I nā kūlana ʻelua ua mālama nui ʻole ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻo. ʻO ka Nobel Peace Prize, a me nā kikoʻī i kākau ʻia e Fredrik Heffermehl, ua hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea he nui i kūpono ʻole i nā koina, e like me kekahi i makemake i ke kaua. Ua hōʻole ākea ʻo kā Carnegie Endowment no International Peace i kāna misiona o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaua, ua neʻe aku i nā papahana ʻē aʻe, a ua hoʻokaʻawale hou iā ia iho me he tank manaʻo.

ʻO nā kānaka he nui i loaʻa paha i kahi Nobel Peace Prize akā ʻaʻole - he papa inoa e hoʻomaka maʻamau me Mohandas Gandhi - hoʻokahi mea i koho ʻia ma 1913 ʻo Andrew Carnegie, a ʻo ka laureate ma 1912 ka hui o Carnegie ʻo Elihu Root. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa i ka hoa aloha o Nobel a me Carnegie, ʻo Bertha von Suttner ka makana i ka makahiki 1905 e like me kāna mea i pili ai me Alfred Fried ma 1911. Ua loaʻa iā Nicholas Murray Butler ka makana i ka makahiki 1931 no kāna hana ma ka Carnegie Endowment, i komo pū me ka lobbying no nā Kellogg- ʻO Briand Pact o ka makahiki 1928. Ua loaʻa iā Frank Kellogg ka makana i ka makahiki 1929, a ua loaʻa mua iā Aristide Briand i ka makahiki 1926. I ka manawa i loaʻa ai iā Pelekikena Theodore Roosevelt ka makana i ka makahiki 1906, ʻo Andrew Carnegie ka mea i hoʻohuli iā ia e huakaʻi i Norewai e ʻae iā ia. Nui nā pilina o kēia ʻano i hele mai ma hope o ka make ʻana o Nobel.

ʻO Bertha von Suttner, ka makuahine o ke kāohi kaua, ua liloʻo ia i mea nui nui o ka honua me ka paipaiʻana o kāna puke moʻolelo E kau i kou mau lima i ka makahiki 1889. Manaʻo wau ʻaʻole ia he akahai wahaheʻe akā he loiloi kūpono ke kuhi ʻo ia i ka kūleʻa o kāna puke i kahi manaʻo e laha nei. "Manaʻo wau inā kūleʻa kahi puke me kahi kumu, ʻaʻole pili kēia kūleʻa i ka hopena o ke ʻano o ka manawa akā ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō ka hihia ʻelua. Ua paʻi kāna puke i kahi manaʻo ulu a hoʻonui nui ʻia. Hiki i ka mea like ke ʻōlelo ʻia no ka philanthropy (ʻoiaʻiʻo aloha kanaka) no Nobel a me Carnegie i paipai aku aiʻo ia.

Akā hiki i nā hoʻolālā kau pono ke holo pono. Ua kūʻē ʻo Bertha von Suttner i kekahi o nā mea i koho ʻia no ka makana maluhia, ʻo Henri Dunant ma ke ʻano he "mea hōʻemi kaua," a i ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia, ua hoʻolaha ʻo ia i ka manaʻo ua hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo ia no ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kaua ma mua o kāna hana. me ke Keʻa Ulaula. I loko o 1905 1906, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, ua lilo ka makana iā warmdyer Teddy Roosevelt, a i ka makahiki ma hope iā Louis Renault, e ʻōlelo ana iā von Suttner e ʻōlelo "hiki i ke kaua ke loaʻa ka makana." Ma ka hopena e makemake nā poʻe e like me Henry Kissinger lāua ʻo Barack Obama i ka papa inoa o nā laureates. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi makana i mea e waihona kālā ai ka hana demilitarization i ka makahiki 2012 i ka European Union, i hiki ke hoʻolilo maʻalahi i ka demilitarization ma o ka hoʻolilo kālā ʻana i nā mea kaua.

ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ka hele ʻana o ka hoʻoilina a Carnegie. Ma 1917 ka Endowment for Peace i kākoʻo i ke komo ʻana o US i ke Kaua Honua Honua I. Ma hope o ke kaua honua ʻelua, ua hoʻokau ka Endowment i kahi mea aloha nui ʻO John Foster Dulles ma kāna papa me Dwight D. Eisenhower. ʻO ke keʻena like i kākoʻo i ka Kellogg-Briand Pact, ka mea i pāpā i nā kaua a pau, i kākoʻo i ka UN Charter e ʻae ana i nā kaua i pale ʻia a i ʻae ʻia e UN.

E like me ka mālama ʻole ʻana i ke aniau i nā makahiki 1970 a me 1980 i kōkua ai i ka pilikia o ke aniau i kēia lā, ʻo ka mālama ʻole i nā manaʻo o Nobel a me Carnegie a me nā kauoha kū kānāwai i ke kenekulia mua a me ka hapalua o ke kenekulia i kōkua i kēia lā o ke ao kahi e ʻae nui ʻia ai ka pūʻali koa US a me NATO. mana.

Ua kākau ʻo Jessica T. Mathews, ka Pelekikena o ka Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: "The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace ʻo ia ka mea manaʻo nui loa o nā ʻāina ʻē ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia e Andrew Carnegie me kahi makana o $ 10 miliona, ʻo kāna palapala hoʻokele e "wikiwiki i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kaua, kahi kīnā ʻole loa i ko mākou lāhui." ʻOiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa mau kēlā pahuhopu, ua kūpaʻa mau ka Carnegie Endowment i ka nuʻukia o ka hoʻolauna ʻana i ka hana maluhia. "

ʻO ia nō, oiai wau e'ōlelo hōʻoleʻole ana i kaʻu kauoha i kūponoʻole, ua kūpaʻa wau i kēlāʻoihana.

ʻAʻole holo pēlā. Eia ʻO Peter van den Dungen:

"Ua hana nui ka neʻe maluhia i loko o nā makahiki he ʻelua ma mua o ke Kaua Honua Honua i ka wā i hōʻea ai kāna papa kuhikuhi i nā pae kiʻekiʻe loa o ke aupuni e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, e like me, ma nā Hague Peace Conference o 1899 a me 1907. ʻO kahi hopena pololei o kēia mau ʻaha kūkā mua ʻole - i ukali ʻia he hoʻopiʻi hoʻopiʻi (1898) na Tsar Nicholas II e kāpae i ka heihei kaua, a e pani i ke kaua me ke kūkā maluhia - ʻo ia ka hana ʻana o ka Peace Palace i wehe i kona mau puka i 1913, a i hoʻohanohano ʻia kona kenekulia ma ʻAukake 2013. Mai ka 1946, ua ʻo ia nō ka noho o ka ʻAha Hoʻokolokolo Hoʻokolokolo International o ka UN. ʻAi ka honua i ka Peace Palace i ka munificence o Andrew Carnegie, ke koa kila ʻĀina-ʻAmelika i lilo i paionia no ke aloha nui a he hoa paio ikaika hoʻi no ke kaua. ʻAʻole like me kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa ʻo ia i nā ʻoihana i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka maluhia o ka honua, ka hapa nui o ia mau mea i kēia lā.

"ʻOiai ʻo ka Peace Palace, kahi e noho ai ka ʻaha hoʻokolokolo kūwaho, kiaʻi i kāna mikiona kiʻekiʻe e pani i ke kaua ma ke kaulike, ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina nui a Carnegie no ka maluhia, ʻo Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP), i huli maopopo loa mai ka manaʻo o ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu. ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaua, a laila hoʻonele i ka neʻe maluhia o nā kumuwaiwai e pono ai. Hiki i kēia ke wehewehe iki i ke kumu i ulu ʻole ai kēia neʻe i kahi neʻe lehulehu e hiki ai ke hoʻokau i ka ikaika i nā aupuni. Manaʻo wau he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i kēia no kekahi manawa. I ka 1910 Carnegie, ʻo ia ka mea hana maluhia kaulana o ʻAmelika, a ʻo ke kanaka waiwai loa o ka honua, ua hāʻawi i kāna kahua maluhia me $ 10 miliona. I ke kālā o kēia lā, like kēia me $ 3.5 biliona. E noʻonoʻo i ka mea o ka neʻe ʻana o ka maluhia - ʻo ia ka neʻe ʻana no ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kaua - hiki ke hana i kēia lā inā loaʻa iā ia ke ʻano o kēlā ʻano kālā, a i ʻole kekahi hapa o ia. Minamina, ʻoiai ʻo Carnegie i makemake i ka hoʻolaha a me ka activism, ua makemake nā mea hilinaʻi o kāna Peace Endowment i ka noiʻi. I ka makahiki 1916, i ka waena o ke Kaua Honua Mua, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kekahi o nā kahu e pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka inoa o ke keʻena i Carnegie Endowment no International Justice. "

ʻAʻole maopopo iaʻu ka helu ʻana o ʻelua mau mea hoʻokele waiwai i ka waiwai o ka hoʻonui kālā ma ke ala like. Inā he $ 3.5 biliona ka helu kūpono a ʻaʻole paha, ʻo ia nā kauoha o ka nui o ka nui ma mua o nā mea kālā e kākoʻo ana i ka maluhia i kēia lā. A ʻo $ 10 miliona wale nō kahi hapa o ka mea a Carnegie i hoʻokau ai i ka maluhia ma o ke kākoʻo kālā ʻana o nā hilinaʻi, ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale ma DC a me Costa Rica a me Hague, a me ke kālā o kēlā me kēia mea hoʻouluulu a me nā hui no nā makahiki a me nā makahiki. He paʻakikī ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka maluhia no kekahi poʻe, malia paha no kākou āpau. Maliʻa o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kahi mea waiwai e hoʻopukapuka nei i ka maluhia he ʻanuʻu ia i ke ala kūpono. E kōkua paha ia i ko mākou noʻonoʻo e ʻike ua hana ʻia ma mua.

* Ma kekahi mau heluʻana kekahi o nā poʻe barona ma mua, he poʻe waiwai nui kekahi ma mua o kekahi o ko kākou mau lā.