ʻO ka manaʻo kumu:ʻO ka hōʻehaʻana o ke koa i ka wai honua o ka'āina

Na Pat Elder, Ianuali 20, 2019

Ua loaʻa ka PFAS ma kahi wai inu e pili ana i ka Shield Guard National Guard.

UaʻikeʻoʻAmelika i kekahi o nā pilikia nui o ke olakino o ka lehulehu i kona moʻolelo 110 miliona kanaka  hiki ke hōʻalo i ka wai inu i pākīʻia me ka Per and Poly Fluoroalkyl Substances, a iʻole ka PFAS. ʻO kahi kumu nui o ka pīpī kino e loaʻa mai ana mai kahi kiʻi mele kiʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻokuʻu (AFFF) i hoʻohanaʻia i ke aʻoʻana i nā ahi ma nā kahua kaua. Uaʻae ka pūʻali i nā mea e komo i loko o ka wai wai e hoʻopōʻino i nā kaiaulu kokoke e hoʻohana ana i ka wai wai ma ko lākou pūnāwai a me nā wai wai wai.  

ʻAʻohe kuleana o ka Pentagon a hōʻole e uku no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mea haumia i hoʻokumu ʻia. ʻO Col Col. Andrew Wiesen, ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka Medicine Preventive a DOD no ke keʻena o nā ʻoihana olakino e ʻōlelo nei ʻo ke poke ke kuleana o ka EPA. "ʻAʻole mākou e hana i ka noiʻi mua ma kēia wahi," i haʻi ʻo ia i ka Ka Waiwai Hui. "ʻO ka EPA ke kuleana no ia," i'ōlelo aiʻo ia. "ʻAʻole i nānā ponoʻo DD i nā pūnaewele aʻaʻohe"ʻike hou aku i kēia, e pili ana i nā hopena olakino o PFOS / PFOA, ma kahi o kaʻuʻike. "

I kēia manawa,ʻo ka Air Force ʻaʻole ia e uku ʻekolu mau kaiāulu ʻo Colorado no ke kālā i hoʻolilo ʻia i ka pane ʻana i ka hoʻohaumia wai i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hua ahi kuni ahi. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka AFFF ma Peterson Air Force Base, e waiho ana i nā kauhale me kahi $ 11 miliona kapu. Ua ʻōlelo ka Air Force he mau kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe i hāʻawi i ka wai wai i loko o ka wai, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia.

Ua hoʻonuiʻia ma mua o ka 3,000 mea koʻikoʻi PFAS pilikia. ʻO Perfluoro Octane Sulfonate (PFOS) a me Perfluoro Octanoic Acid (PFOA)ʻelua o nā mea make loa. He kūpono loa ia i ka hoʻopauʻana i ke ahi wela nui.

ʻIke ʻia ʻo PFOS & PFOA ma ke ʻano he "kemika mau loa" no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohaʻahaʻa kūlohelohe i ke kaiapuni. Ke hana nei nā lālā pūʻali koa i ka hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi ka liʻiliʻiʻuʻuku nā kuhi ahi ahi.

Hoʻomau ka EPA i kaʻaeʻana i nā contaminants PFAS i make i ka manawa Ua'ōlelo nā kānakaʻepekemaʻo Harvard i ka 1 hapa ma kahi pākahi (ppt) he mea hōʻeha ia i ke ola kanaka.

ʻO ka palena o ke ola o ka Life EPA (LHA) no nā meaʻelua,ʻo 70 ka mea i hoʻopihaʻia e ka Agency no nā meaʻenaʻena a me ka hoʻoponopono maʻi (ATSDR) i ka wai inu o 11 ppt no PFOA a me 7 ppt no PFOS.

Hoʻolālā ka hua'ōlelo o hope ma hope nei e hoʻohui i nā hana hana AFFF i nā kahua paʻa me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka wai honua ma loko o nā kaiaulu pili.  

Hoʻopiʻia ka nui o ka pipi PFOS / PFOA i loko o nā pūnāwai wai Ka hōʻike DOD. Aia kekahi mau'ōlelo i hanaʻia e ka DOD i loko o ka pūʻulu.

Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado

88,400 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i ka wai.

ʻO DOD Comments: Ua hoʻolako ʻia nā ʻona luawai ponoʻī ma lalo o ka poho (lumi kuke) hoʻi osmosis (RO) ʻāpana. Hāʻawi ʻia ka wai ʻōmole i nā limahana o kahi kikowaena kūʻai. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōnaehana carbon (GAC) granular haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻonoho ʻia ma hoʻokahi (1) pā hale home a me hoʻokahi (1) hale mahiʻai. Ua pili kekahi hale pule kūloko i ka wai o ke kūlanakauhale. Hāʻawi ʻia ka wai ʻōmole i nā anakuhi he 52 i kahi pā hale home ʻē aʻe.

IʻOkakopa,ʻo 2016 nui aʻe Nā kūkū 150,000  ua hoʻokuʻuʻia nā mea hana ahi ma ka pūnaewele hōʻalimaʻo Colorado Springs.

Mokupuni Air Force o Eglin, Florida

280,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i ka wai.

ʻO DOD Comments: Hoʻopau i ka loiloi mua Preliminary ākea a loaʻa i ka concurrence hoʻokele i nā hopena. Ua hoʻomaka i kahi nānā kahua kahua ākea no PFOS a me PFOA.

ʻO ka papahana huiʻo Langley-Eustis Virginia  

Uaʻikeʻia ka 2,200,000 ppt PFOS + PFOA ma ka wai lepo.

ʻO DOD Comments:  Hoʻopau i ka loiloi mua Preliminary ākea a loaʻa i ka concurrence hoʻokele i nā hopena. Ua hoʻomaka i kahi nānā kahua kahua ākea no PFOS a me PFOA.

Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota

Uaʻikeʻia ka 551,000 ppt PFOS + PFOA ma ka wai lepo.

ʻO DOD Comments:   Hoʻopau i kahi kaupalena Preliminary Assessment / Pūnaewele Nānā no PFOS a me PFOA i loaʻa i ka concurrence rula i nā hopena. Hoʻomaka i kahi noiʻi hoʻōla hou ma kahi ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ahi a hoʻopau i ka pae mua o ka hana ma ke kauwela 2017. Hoʻomaka ʻia kahi nānā ākea ākea ākea.

Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington

5,700 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i ka wai.

ʻO DOD Comments:  43 o 104 mau luawai inu pilikino, a ʻo 1 o 2 ʻōnaehana wai lehulehu i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka LHA ma Fairchild. Kūkākūkā me MOU me kahi kaiāulu; hoʻonoho paha i ka kānana GAC ​​ma ka ʻōnaehana wai DW lehulehu; ECD - e hoʻoholo. E hoʻouka i nā ʻōnaehana kānana hale holoʻokoʻa i nā hale noho me nā luawai inu pilikino e hoʻopili ʻia.

Travis Air Force Base, Kaleponi

40,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i ka wai.

ʻO DOD Comments: Hoʻopau i ka loiloi mua Preliminary ākea a loaʻa i ka concurrence hoʻokele i nā hopena. Ua hoʻomaka i kahi nānā kahua kahua ākea no PFOS a me PFOA.

ʻO Jacksonville Na Keʻena'Āina Mokupuniʻo Jacksonville, Florida

1,397,120 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i ka wai.

DOD: No Comments.

Eielson Air Force, Alaska

2,000,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i ka wai.

ʻO DOD Comments:  Ua hoʻopauʻia nā papahana kūpono āpau āpau a loaʻa nā kānāwai kūkā ma nā hopena. Hoʻomaka i kahi Nānā Pūnaewele puni honua no PFOS a me PFOA.

Mokupuniʻo Mokupuni Mokupuniʻo Air National Guard Base, Kaleponi

1,080,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i loko o ka wai.

DOD: No Comments.

Beale Air Force Base, Kaleponi

200,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) i loaʻa i ka wai.

ʻO DOD Comments:   Hoʻopau i ka loiloi mua Preliminary ākea a loaʻa i ka concurrence hoʻokele i nā hopena. Ua hoʻomaka i kahi nānā kahua kahua ākea no PFOS a me PFOA.

Mauna Hoʻokele AF Base, Idaho

He ho'āʻo maʻamau maʻamau ma Mountain Home AFB.

ʻO 105 ppt o PFOS + PFOA i ʻike ʻia i ka wai inu.

ʻO DOD Comments:   Ua loaʻa i ka hoʻopihapiha wai a me ke kahawaiʻana. Ua kūʻaiʻia ka wai i hoʻohemoʻia e like me ka mīkini pale kūwaena a no ka loiloiʻia o nā pūnāwai i hoʻopōʻinoʻia, a ua hoʻolālāʻia kekahi kumumanaʻo.