Na Pat Elder, Iulai 8, 2019

ʻO nā moho ahi ahi i hoʻohanaʻia ma nā kahua o ka makani e ka pūʻali Koa US, he mau waiʻona wai e holo ana ma Germany. ʻO ka'ōhuhu pupuhi, i hoʻohanaʻia i loko o nā papa ahi ahi mau, he mea kino iʻikeʻia e like me Per a Poly Fluoroalkyl Substances, a iʻole PFAS. No nā hoʻonaʻauaoʻana, ua hoʻomālamalama nā pūʻali koa oʻAmelika, puhiʻia i ka ahi a puhiʻia lākou me ka hoʻohanaʻana i kēia mau momi. Ma hope, uaʻaeʻia ka'ōpū e holo, e hoʻohaumia i ka lepo, nāʻauwai, ka wai kai, a me nā wai lepo. Hoʻokomo pū nō hoʻi ka pūʻali koa US i nā pūnaewele haipili i hangars i mea e hana ai i ka papa no ka hoʻoluliluliʻana i ke kaʻaʻawaʻawa. Hiki i nā'ōnaehana hoʻomanaʻo pinepine ke uhi i kahi hanui 2-acre me nā 17 kapuaʻi o ka mahu kuhi ma nā minuke 2. (Hectare .8 me nā 5.2 mau mika o ka hoʻokuʻu i nā minuke 2).

ʻO nā hopena olakino o kaʻikeʻana i nā mea Pele me Poly Fluoroalkyl e komo pū me nā hānau hū ʻole pinepine a me nā pilikia ʻōpū nui. Hoʻohaumia lākou i ka waiū umauma kanaka a maʻi hoʻi i nā pēpē hānai waiū. Hāʻawi nā per a me poly fluoroalkyls i ka hōʻino o ke ake, ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻuwai, ke kolesterol kiʻekiʻe, kahi hoʻonui ʻia o ka maʻi thyroid, me ka maʻi kanesa testicular, micro-penis, a me ka helu sperm haʻahaʻa i nā kāne.

ʻAʻole hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻo PFAS akā hoʻokahuli ia i ka momona, aila, a me ke ahi i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea āpau i hoʻomohala ʻia. Manaʻo ka pūʻali koa he mea nui ia i kāna papa hana kaua no ka mea e hoʻopau koke ia i ke ahi.  

ʻO kekahi mau hanaʻenehana'ē aʻe e pale i ko mākou mana a me ka palaho o ke kanaka,ʻo ia ka ala i kālepa aiʻo Pandora i kāna pahu. ʻO kēia mau meaʻeleʻele, a me nā mea'ē aʻe e like me ia, ke kau nei i kahi hōʻeha pili i ka lāhui. ʻO ka hopena o kahi kahua paʻa loa o nā pae'āinaʻAmelika i hoʻopiʻiʻia.

ʻO Ramstein Airbase, Kelemānia

Ma Ramstein, ua loaʻa nā wai wai 264 ug / l  (micrograms o ka lita) o ka PFAS. ʻO 2,640 mau manawa ma luna o ka paepae i hoʻonohonohoʻia e ka Europa Europa, (EU). 

Ua hoʻonohonohoʻo EU i nā paʻona no kēlā me kēia PFAS o 0.1 ug / L a no ka nui o ka PFAS o 0.5 ug / L i loko o ka wai wai a inu wai. Akā, ua hoʻonohonoho ka US Environmental Protection Agency i kahiʻoihana ikaika loa o .07 ug / l i ka wai inu a me nā wai o ka wai. Eia naʻe,ʻo ka palena o ka EPA wale nō i ka manawa i ka manawa o ka pūʻali koa a me kaʻoihana e hoʻopilikia i nā'ōnaehana wai ma o ka US a he mau kau ma mua aʻe o ka palena. ʻO ka wai lepo ma Alexandria, Louisiana ma kahi kokoke i ka mokuʻoʻEnelani i hoʻopaʻa paʻaʻia, aia nō iā 10,900 ug / l o PFOS a me PFOA. 

Ke'ōlelo nei nā kālaiʻike olakino olakinoʻo Harvard University .001 ug / l o ka PFAS i loko o ko mākou wai he mea paʻakikī ia.

ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka PFAS ma ka muliwaiʻo Glan, ma lalo o ka confluence o ka muliwaiʻo Mohrbach, 11 kilomita mai Ramstein,ʻo 538 manawa ka'ōlelo a ka EU e palekana.

Mokuleʻa Spangdahlem, Kelemānia

No ka hopena o ka pilikia nui,
E like me kahi ohe a me ka huapalapala

- William Shakespeare, Mele a nā Witches (Macbeth)

 

Ua anaʻia ka PAS ma 3 ug / l kokoke i Spangdahlem Airfield ma ka Pondʻo Mārchenweiher. (ʻO Marchenweiher keʻano o "fairy tale" ma ka'ōlelo Pelekane.) Ua huliʻo Fairy Tale Pond i kahi moeʻuhane. Pau nā iʻa. Ua paniʻia nā wai lawaiʻa kaulana i ka launa pūʻana me ka SGD Nord, nā mana hoʻomalu wai i Rhineland-Palatinate. ʻAʻole mae kēia mau mea.

Ke kau nei ka ua ma Spangdahlem, ua pīpī ka PFAS. ʻO ka wai wai kūpuni i hoʻopiʻiʻia i ka paepae kiʻekiʻe e hoʻouka i ka Linsenbach Creek. 

ʻO ka spardahlem Airfield keki lāʻau kanu Loaʻaʻia  PFAS a i 31.4 μg / l. No ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ua hoʻonohonoho ka mokuʻāina ʻo Maine i nā palena no ka PFAS i ka palau o ka wai hoʻoluʻu i 2.5 ug / l no PFOA a me 5.2 ug / l no PFOS, ʻoiai ua ʻōlelo nā mea kaiapuni he ʻumi mau manawa nāwaliwali o nā lula ma mua o kā lākou.  

ʻAʻole ka EPA i kaohi i ka PFAS i ka sludge sewer. Inā hana ia, e pilikia nui ka pūʻali koa, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa ma ka US ʻO kēia mau mea make e lawe ʻia mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma Kelemania a me ka US a pāhola ʻia ma nā māla mahiʻai. ʻO kēia ka hopena i ka lāʻau make ʻana i nā māla a me nā mea kanu kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka slamge carcinogenic. Hoʻohaumia ʻia nā huahana mahiʻai Kelemania.

ʻO ke kaona o Wittlich-Land, kokoke i ka US / NATO Airbase Spangdahlem, i hoʻopiʻi i ke aupuni Kelemania i ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki 2019 no nā koina no ka hemo ʻana a me ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka papa lepo hoʻohaumia i hoʻohaumia ʻia me PFAS. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia nā mea make ma nā kahua no ka mea he mea make ia i nā mea kanu, nā holoholona, ​​a me ka wai. Akā, ua incinerated, i mea extraordinarily pipiʻi a me ka Loaʻa paha i ka pōʻino i ke olakino a me ke kaiapuni

ʻAʻole iʻaeʻiaʻo Wittlich-Land e hoʻokuʻi i ka pūʻali koa US. Ma ka hakahaka, ke kū'ē nei i ke aupuni Kelemānia no ka pohō. I kēia manawa, ua kāpae ke aupuni Kelemānia, ka mea i uku no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā mea maʻi no nā makahiki he nui, a haʻalele i ke kūlanakauhale me ke kī.

Palekana Medburg, Kelemānia

Mai ka 1952 a hiki i ka 1994, ʻo Bitburg Air Base kahi kahua mokulele NATO laina mua. ʻO ia ka home o ka United States Air Force's 36th Tactical Fighter Wing. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo PFAS i nā ʻāpana ahi. 

I Bitburg, ua hōʻike ʻia ka wai o ka wai i loko o PFAS ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe he nui he 108 μg / l a ʻo ka wai ma luna aʻe o ke kahua mokulele he 19.1 ug / l o PFAS. ʻO ka wai wai o Bitburg he tausani mau manawa i ʻoi aku ka haumia ma mua o nā kūlana EU. 

Ua manaʻo nuiʻia kēia mau hoʻoponopono PFAS e nā mea he nui e lilo i kumu kumu nui o ka autism a me ka hānō ma nā keiki. Hiki i ka hopena o ka hoʻopukaʻana i ka'ōpiopio a hāpai i ka pilikia o ka nele. 99% o mākou i kēia manawa he kekelē o kēia mau mea i loko o ko mākou kino. 

Ke hoʻohaumia nei ʻo Bitburg i nā kahawai kūloko me kēia mau toxins, ʻoi aku ma mua o Spangdahlem a Ramstein paha. Loaʻa nā kuko o PFAS a 5 ug / l i nā kahawai ʻo Paffenbach, Thalsgraben a me Brückengraben, nā wahi lawaiʻa kaulana. ʻO 5 ug / l ka manawa he 7,700 ma mua o ka palena EU. Pili ka ʻai ʻana o ka iʻa me ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā pae PFAS ma waena o ka heluna Kelemania. 

Ma Bitburg, ka mea i paʻa i ka 25 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua "kuleana" ke aupuni German no ka hoʻopau ākea o nāʻAmelika. Ke kali nei ka moku Kelemānia i kaʻAmelika e uku i nā kumukūʻai e pili ana ʻeleu US airfields, e like me ka nūpepa Volksfreund.

I nā ʻāpana o Kelemania, lawe ʻia aku ka asparagus mai ke kaulahao meaʻai ma muli o ka hiki ke hoʻokau i ka PFAS. He hiki kupaianaha ko Asparagus e omo i ka PFAS mai ka wai haumia a me / a i ʻole ka lepo. Pono e makaʻala nā mea kūʻai aku i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea e like me asparagus, strawberry, a me nā letus no ka mea pinepine lākou i nā kiʻekiʻe o PFAS. I kēia manawa, ua maikaʻi nā papahana aupuni Kelemania i laʻana no nā pae PFAS i nā huahana mahiʻai like ʻole i ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana haumia he nui mai ka hiki ʻana aku i ka mākeke.

ʻO Former NATO Airfield Hahn, Kelemānia

Ua noho ʻo Hahn Airfield ma ka mokulele 50th Fighter Wing o ka US Air Force mai ka makahiki 1951 a i ka makahiki 1993. Aia ka pūnaewele ma kahi o kahi o Hahn-Frankfurt Airport. E like me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe, ua lilo nā ipu mālama wai ua i wahi lawe no PFAS mai ka hoʻouka ʻana i ke kaiāulu. ʻO ka muliwai ʻo Brühlbach ma kahi kokoke i Hahn kahi waiwai i ʻoi aku ma kahi o 9.3 μg / l no PFAS. Make loa kēia. Kupaianaha loa nā kālā no ka mea ʻo ka wai wai o Wackenbach Creek e hoʻomaka ana ma kahi o 100 m o ka lua ahi ahi mua. ʻOi iki ka helu o ka makemakika. No ka wai kai, ua ʻōlelo ka EU ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kiʻekiʻe PFAS ma mua o 0.00065 9.3 14,000 XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX ug / L. XNUMX ug / l he XNUMX mau manawa ke kiʻekiʻe.  

Büchel Airfield, Kelemānia

Ua hoʻokōʻia ma 2015 nāʻimi i ka PFAS ma ka Bhuchel Airbase. Ua laweʻia nā wai wai mai nā kīʻaha hoʻolālā wai a me nā kai a puni. Ua loaʻa ka PFOS ma 1.2 μg / l. 

Zweibrücken Air Base

ʻO Zweibrücken kahi pūnaewele hōkū NATO mai 1950 a 1991. Hoʻokumuʻia ka 86th Tactical Fighter Wing. Loaʻa iā 35 mile SSW o Kaiserslautern. Ke lawelawe nei ka pūnaewele e like me ka Zulabrücken Airport.

Ua loaʻa nā wai āpau e pili ana i ka mokulele i loaʻa ka 8.1 μg / L maximum o ka PFAS. ʻO ka hapa nui loa, ua loaʻa ka PFAS ma kahi wai inu kokoke nā lakohana hoʻolako pono'ī i ka 6.9 kiʻekiʻe loa μg / l. ʻO ka'ōlelo aʻo Ola Ola EPA no ka inu wai he .07 ug / lʻo ia ka wai inu kokoke Zweibrücken uaʻikeʻia ua aneane haneli haneli ka nui. ʻOiai, ua'ōlelo nā meaʻepekema i ka'ōlelo inu wai wai o EPA heʻano nawaliwali loa. No laila, nāwaliwali, he nui nā states e hoʻokō ana i nā palena haʻahaʻa. 

Ma George Air Force Base ma Kaleponi, ua lapaʻia nā wāhine wahine ma ka 1980, "Mai hāpaiʻoe" ʻoiai e lawelawe ana ma laila no ka nui o nā hāʻule miscarriages. Ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻana o 300 mau wahine ma Facebook, e kaʻana like ana i nā moʻolelo no nā hāʻule ʻana o ka wahine, nā hemahema hānau ma waena o kā lākou keiki a me nā hysterectomies. Ua inu lākou i ka wai. Ua hoʻāʻo ka Air Force i ka wai a loaʻa iā PFAS ma luna o 5.4 ug / l. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma Zweibrücken i kēia lā. ʻAʻole e hele aku nā mea.

Wahi a kekahi hōʻike mai ka Bundestag (18 / 5905) wale nō iʻelima mau pono US ma Germany iʻikeʻia me ka PFAS kaʻoleʻana:

• US Airfield Ramstein (NATO) 
• US airfield Katterbach 
• US Airfield Spangdahlem (NATO) 
• ʻO kaʻoihana militū US i Grafenwoehr 
• US Airfield Geilenkirchen (NATO)

ʻElua mau kuleana i manaʻoʻia "o ka hoʻohanaʻana o ka PFAS:

• US Airfield Illesheim
• US Airfield Echterdingen 

Wahi a ka Bundestag, (18 / 5905), "No nā pūʻali koa haole ke kuleana no ka haumia a lākou e koi ai a koi ʻia e noiʻi a hoʻopau iā lākou ma kā lākou uku ponoʻī." I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i mākaukau ka US i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka haumia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ia. 

US - Nā ʻaelike Kelemania kāhea no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka waiwai o nā hoʻomaikaʻi a ka poʻe ʻAmelika i hana ai i ka ʻāina - lawe ʻia ka hopena o ka nohona kaiaulu ke lawe ʻia nā kahua.

Ua loaʻa nā pilikia nui ʻelua mai kēia ʻaelike ākea. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻole hiki i nā hui ʻelua ke ʻae i nā kūlana e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, keu hoʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻia o nā aquifers. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻaʻole hopohopo nui ko ʻAmelika. ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻohe mea i manaʻo i ka hopena weliweli o Per a me Poly Fluoroalkyl Substances i nā ʻōnaehana wai.  

Ma nā'ōlelo a pau o ka Bundestag no ka hoʻopiʻiʻana o ka PFAS mai nā US / NATO, ua'ōlelo ke aupuni aupuni o Kelemānia he "ʻaʻoheʻike kūpono" e pili ana i ka pōʻino o ka nohona ma nā wahiʻaʻole o lākou waiwai, akā naʻe, hiki i ka PFAS ke hele no nā mile he nui ma waho o nā waihona kīmelika.