No ke aha ke ʻano o ka mining uranium, ka ikehu nuklea, a me nā pōkā atomika i ke ala i ka luku

Na Cymry Gomery, Luna Hooponopono o Montréal no a World BEYOND War, Pressenza, Nowemapa 27, 2022

Ua hoʻoulu ʻia kēia op-ed e kahi hōʻike a Kauka Gordon Edwards o ka Huihui Kanaka no ke kuleana Nukelea ma ka lāʻo Nowemapa 16, 2022.

Ua hopohopo nui ka hakakā ʻo Russia-Ukraine no ka mea aia mākou ma ke ʻano o ke kaua nuklea. Ua loaʻa iā Putin e kau i na nuke o Rusia i ka makaala nui a ʻo Pelekikena Biden i ʻōlelo ʻino aku i ka mahina i hala e pili ana i ka pilikia o nukelea "armageddon". Ua hoʻopūhoihoi ʻo New York City i ka honua me kāna PSA pehea e ola ai i ka hoouka kaua nukelea, oiai ka Ka ua mau lā he 100 kekona a hiki i ke aumoe.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā pōkā nuklea ka mea hope loa i loko o kahi pūʻulu o nā huahana a me nā hana e pili ana - ka mining uranium, ka ikehu nuklea, a me nā pōkā nuklea - nona ka hana i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka ʻike ʻana o ke kanaka i ka honua ma hope o kā mākou mau loea loea. He mau pahele holomua lākou a pau.

He aha ka pahele holomua?

ʻIke ʻia ka manaʻo o ka holomua ma ke ʻano maikaʻi i ke kaiāulu Komohana. Inā hiki iā mākou ke ʻimi i kahi ala hou e hana wikiwiki ai, me ka hoʻoikaika liʻiliʻi, hauʻoli mākou. Eia naʻe, ua nīnau ʻia kēia ʻike e Ronald Wright ma kāna puke 2004 He Moolelo Pokole no ka Holomua. Ua wehewehe ʻo Wright i kahi pahele holomua ma ke ʻano "he kaulahao o nā kūleʻa, i ka hiki ʻana i kekahi pae, alakaʻi i ka pōʻino. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā pōʻino ma mua o ka lohi. Wehe mālie nā ʻauwae o kahi pahele, a laila paʻa koke.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Wright i ka hahai holoholona ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻohālike mua, no ka mea, i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kānaka i nā mea hana i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pepehi ʻana i nā holoholona hou aʻe, hoʻopau lākou i kā lākou lako meaʻai a pōloli. Me ka hana ʻoihana, hāʻawi ka hahai holoholona hale mahiai, he mea ʻokoʻa loa ia, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻano ʻē aʻe ia o kahi pahele holomua. ʻAʻole wale nā ​​mahiʻai hale hana e hōʻeha nui ai i nā holoholona, ​​​​ua hōʻeha pū kekahi i nā kānaka: ʻAi ka poʻe ma nā ʻāina hoʻomohala i ka nui o nā calorie, nā meaʻai kūpono ʻole i ke kanaka, a make pinepine i nā maʻi maʻi a me nā maʻi pili i ka momona.

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i ka uranium mining, nuclear energy a me nuclear bombs i kēia mālamalama.

ʻO ka pahele holomua o ka mining Uranium

ʻO Uranium, he metala kaumaha ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1789, ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ma ke ʻano he kala no ke aniani a me ka ipu lepo. Eia naʻe, i ka hopena, ua ʻike nā kānaka e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka uranium e hoʻokō ai i ka fission nuklea, a mai ka makahiki 1939 ua hoʻohana ʻia kēlā waiwai kupanaha e hana i ka ikehu nuklea no nā kumu kīwila, a e hana i nā pōkā no ka pūʻali koa. ʻO ia ka ʻaoʻao "pōmaikaʻi" o ka wehewehe ʻana a Wright (inā maikaʻi ʻoe me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka poʻe me ka pepehi ʻana iā lākou ma ke ʻano he hopena makemake).

ʻO Kanada ka mea hoʻolako uranium nui loa ma ka honua, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mines aia ma ka ʻĀkau kahi i ʻike ʻia ai nā kaiāulu ʻo Inuit-ʻo ia hoʻi ka poʻe pōʻino loa a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka mana politika ma Kanada-i ka lepo uranium, huelo, a me nā pōʻino ʻē aʻe.


ʻO nā pōʻino o ka huelo uranium, mai Dr. Gordon Edwards hōʻike

Eli ʻana i ka Uranium hana i ka lepo radioactive hiki i ka poʻe hana ke inhale a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻole ʻana, e alakaʻi ana i ka maʻi kanesa a me ka maʻi maʻi iwi. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā limahana a i ʻole ka poʻe e noho kokoke ana i kahi mine uranium i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hōʻino i ko lākou mau kino i loko, ʻo ia hoʻi nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO nā haʻawina holoholona manaʻo e pili ka uranium i ka hoʻohua ʻana, ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē, a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi leukemia a me nā maʻi maʻi palupalu.

He mea weliweli kēia; eia naʻe, hiki mai ka pahele holomua ke noʻonoʻo kekahi i ka hapalua o ke ola o ka uranium, ʻo ia ka manawa e pohō ai a hoʻokuʻu aku i ka pāhawewe gamma (ʻeleu uila a mākou i ʻike ai he X-ray). ʻO Uranium-238, ke ʻano maʻamau, he hapalua o ke ola o 4.46 biliona makahiki.

ʻO ia hoʻi, i ka manawa e lawe ʻia ai ka uranium i ka ʻili ma o ka ʻeli ʻana, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi pahu o ka radiation Pandora ma ka honua, ka radiation e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi maʻi make a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, no nā piliona makahiki. He pahele holomua kēlā ma laila. Akā ʻaʻole ia ka moʻolelo holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole i pau kēia uranium i kāna hana luku. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa e hana i ka ikehu nuklea a me nā pōkā nuklea.

ʻO ka pahele holomua Nukelea

Ua manaʻo ʻia ka ikehu nuklea he ikehu maʻemaʻe no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hana i nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo (GHG). Akā naʻe, mamao loa ia mai ka maʻemaʻe. Ma 2003, ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi i hana ʻia e nā mea kākoʻo nuklea ma ka Massachusetts Institute of Technology nā koina, ka palekana, ka hoʻonui, a me ka ʻōpala e like me nā "pilikia i hoʻoholo ʻole ʻia" me ka mana nuklea.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻōpala radioactive i ka wā o ka hana maʻamau o nā wili uranium, nā hale hana wahie, nā reactors, a me nā mea nuklea ʻē aʻe; me ka wā o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hana. Hiki ke hana ʻia ma muli o nā ulia nuklea.

Hoʻopuka ka ʻōpala radioactive i ka radiation ionizing, hoʻopōʻino i nā sela kanaka a me nā holoholona a me nā mea genetic. ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike ʻana i ka radiation ionizing e hōʻino koke i ka ʻiʻo kino; Hiki i nā pae haʻahaʻa ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi kanesa, ka pōʻino genetic, ka maʻi cardiovascular a me nā pilikia ʻōnaehana pale i nā makahiki he nui ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana.

Makemake ke aupuni Kanada iā mākou e manaʻoʻiʻo e hiki ke "mālama ʻia" nā ʻōpala radioactive ma o nā kulekele a me nā kaʻina hana, akā ʻo kēia hubris a me ka noʻonoʻo hoʻopunipuni i lawe iā mākou i kahi i loaʻa ai iā mākou ka ʻōpala radioactive. A laila aia ke ʻano hoʻokele waiwai - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikehu nuklea no ka hana ʻana - a me nā hopena o ke kaiapuni. Ua kākau ʻo Gordon Edwards,

"ʻO ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka nuklea e hoʻopaʻa i ke kapikala no nā makahiki he mau makahiki me ka ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pono āpau a hiki i ka pau ʻana o nā reactors a mākaukau e hele. Hōʻike ia i nā ʻumi makahiki o ka lohi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka GHG me ka ʻole. I loko o kēia manawa ke piʻi nei ka pilikia o ke aniau. ʻOiai ke uku hope ʻia ke kapikala, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hapa nui no ka hana pipiʻi o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōpala radioactive a me ka hoʻopau robotic o nā hale radioactive. He quagmie ʻenehana a waiwai. ʻAʻole wale ke kapena kālā, akā ʻo ke kapikala politika hoʻi i hui pū ʻia i loko o ke kahawai nuklea ma mua o ka mea e pono ai ke kumu mua - e hōʻemi wikiwiki a mau loa.

ʻO ka mea e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ua haʻalele ʻia nā hana nuklea he nui i nā makahiki, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma keia palapala aina o ka US

No laila, ʻo ka ikehu nuklea kekahi he pahele holomua. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻohua ai i ka ikehu—ka makani, ka lā, ka wai wai, ka geothermal—he emi ke kumu kūʻai. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻo ka ikehu nuklea ka ikehu haʻahaʻa loa, ʻaʻole ia i ka papaʻaina i kekahi luna papahana i kūpono i kāna paʻakai, no ka mea hoʻohaumia loa, pili i ka pilikia o nā pōʻino nuklea e like me ka mea i hana mua ʻia ma Fukushima a me Chernobyl, a no ka hoʻomau mau ʻana i nā mea make a pepehi i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona.

Eia kekahi, hoʻopuka ka ʻōpala nuklea i ka plutonium, i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā pōkā nuklea-ʻo ka hana aʻe i ka hoʻomau "holomua".

ʻO ka pahele holomua nuklea

ʻAe, ua hiki mai i kēia. Hiki i nā kānaka ke holoi i nā mea ola a pau ma ka Honua me ke kaomi ʻana i kahi pihi. ʻO ka manaʻo nui o ka moʻomeheu Komohana i ka lanakila a me ka hegemony ua alakaʻi i kahi kūlana i lanakila ai mākou i ka make akā hāʻule i ke ola. ʻO kēia ka laʻana hope loa o ka naʻauao ʻenehana kanaka ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka naʻau a me ka ʻuhane.

Hiki i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka missile hiki ke alakaʻi i ka pōʻino olakino nui loa o ka honua ma ka mōʻaukala i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO ke kaua e hoʻohana ana i ka hapa liʻiliʻi o nā mea kaua nuklea o India a me Pakistan wale nō e hāpai i ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a me ka lepo i ka lewa no ka hoʻoilo nuklea. Ma kāna puke Ke kauoha, a me Na Makuahine, kākau ʻo Eric Schlosser i nā palapala i ka hāʻawi ʻana o nā mea kaua nuklea i ka mea āna i kapa ai he "hoʻopunipuni o ka palekana," ʻoiai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke kau nei i ka pōʻino maoli ma muli o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o ka pahū ʻana. Ua kākau ʻo Schlosser i ka nui o nā hanana e pili ana i nā mea kaua nuklea ua aneane luku i ko mākou honua ma o ka ulia, huikau, a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻole.

ʻO kahi ala i waho o ka luku ʻia ʻana (e like me MAD) pahele a mākou i hana ai ʻo ka Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), i hoʻomaka i ka ikaika ma 2021, a ua kau inoa ʻia e nā aupuni 91 a ʻae ʻia e 68 Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i kau inoa nā aupuni nuklea, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā lālā o NATO e like me Kanada.


ʻO nā aupuni kaua nuklea (www.icanw.org/nuclear_arsenals)

I ka hiki ʻana i nā mea kaua nuklea, ʻelua ala i mua o ke kanaka. Ma ke ala hoʻokahi, e hui pū nā ʻāina i ka TPNW, a e hoʻopau ʻia nā mea kaua nuklea. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā poʻo kaua 13,080 o ka honua e hoʻokau ʻia, e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻeha nui a me ka make a hoʻolei i ka honua i ka hoʻoilo nuklea.

Aia kekahi poʻe e ʻōlelo ana he koho mākou e lilo i mea manaʻo maikaʻi, ʻaʻole nā ​​​​fatalists, akā he dichotomy hoʻopunipuni maoli nō ia no ka mea ʻo ka optimism a me ka fatalism ʻelua ʻaoʻao o ke kālā hoʻokahi. ʻO ka poʻe i manaʻoʻiʻo ua maikaʻi nā mea a pau, a ua ʻoi aku ko mākou maikaʻi ma mua o ko mākou noho ʻana. àʻia ʻO Steven Pinker, e hoʻoholo ʻaʻole pono kahi hana. ʻO ka poʻe i manaʻoʻiʻo he pau ʻole ka manaʻo i ka hopena like.