Hōʻike hewa ʻo Maryland i ka lehulehu i ka hoʻohaunaele PFAS i nā ʻaihue

Na Leila Marcovici lāua ʻo Pat Elder, Nowemapa 16, 2020

mai ka Na Mea ʻApoʻi ʻOihana

I Kepakemapa 2020, ua hoʻopuka ke Keʻena ʻo Ke Kaiapuni ʻo Maryland (MDE) i kahi hōʻike i kapa ʻia ʻo “St. Ke aʻo nei ʻo Mary's Pilot Pilot i ka hanana o PFAS i ka wai o ka wai a me nā ʻoysters. ” (Ke aʻo Pilot PFAS) i kālailai i nā pae o nā a-a me nā poly fluoroalkyl (PFAS) i loko o ka wai kai a me nā ʻio. ʻO ke kikoʻī, ua hoʻoholo ka Study Pilot PFAS ʻoiai aia ʻo PFAS i ka wai kūpikipiki o ka muliwai ʻo St. Mary, ʻo nā mea nui i lalo o ka pilikia ma muli o nā loiloi e hoʻohana ana i nā leʻaleʻa a me nā pae hoʻohālikelike kikoʻī o ka ʻai ʻōpala.

ʻOiai ka hōʻike ʻana i kēia mau hopena ākea, kānalua nā ʻano anamana a me nā kumu no nā pae hōʻike i hoʻohana ʻia e MDE, a ʻo ia ka hopena o ke alakaʻi hewa ʻana i ka lehulehu, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi ʻano hoʻopunipuni a hoʻopunipuni hoʻi o ka palekana.

ʻO ka PFAS kahi ʻohana o nā mea ʻino a hoʻomau hoʻi i loaʻa i nā huahana ʻoihana. Weliweli lākou no kekahi mau kumu. ʻO kēia mau mea i kapa ʻia he "kemika mau loa" he mea ʻawaʻawa, mai wāwahi ʻole i ke kaiapuni, a hōʻiliʻili bio-i loko o ke kaulahao meaʻai. ʻO kekahi o nā kemikū 6,000 PFAS ʻo PFOA, i hoʻohana mua ʻia e hana i DuPont's Teflon, a me PFOS, ma 3M's Scotchgard a me ka pahū ahi. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ʻo PFOA i ka US, ʻoiai lākou e laulā i ka wai inu. Ua pili lākou i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, nā kīnā o ka hānau ʻana, ka maʻi thyroid, nāwaliwali o ka pale o ke keiki a me nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili pākahi ʻia ʻo PFAS i nā ʻāpana no ka triliona ma mua o nā ʻāpana o kēlā me kēia piliona, e like me nā toxins ʻē aʻe, i hiki ke hana i ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau mea hoʻohui.
ʻO
Loaʻa ka hopena a MDE i nā hopena kūpono i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka ʻikepili maoli i hōʻiliʻili ʻia a hāʻule i lalo o nā kūlana ʻepekema ʻae ʻia a me nā ʻenehana ma nā mua.

ʻĀpana ʻ Sampkō

Hoʻokahi o nā noi i hana ʻia a hōʻike ʻia i ka PFAS Pilot Study ua hoʻāʻo a hōʻike ʻia i ke alo o PFAS i kaʻiʻo oyster. Ua hana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e Alpha Analytical Laboratory o Mansfield, Massachusetts.
ʻO
ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e ka Alpha Analytical Laboratory kahi palena palena o ka ʻike ʻana no nā ʻōlio ma hoʻokahi microgram i kēlā me kēia kilogram (1 kgg / kg) i like ia me ka ʻāpana 1 i kēlā me kēia piliona, a i ʻole 1,000 mau ʻāpana no triona. (ppt.) No laila, e like me ka ʻike pākahi ʻia ʻana o kēlā me kēia hui PFAS, ʻaʻole hiki i ke ʻano kālailai ke hoʻohana i kekahi PFAS i loaʻa ma kahi o ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā ʻāpana 1,000 o ka triona. ʻO ka hikiʻana o PFAS he mea hoʻohui; no laila hoʻohui pono ʻia nā kālā o kēlā me kēia hui e hōʻea i ka huina PFAS i loaʻa i kahi laʻana.

Ke holo wikiwiki nei nā ʻano kālailai no ka ʻike ʻana i nā kemika PFAS. Ua lawe ka Group Environmental Working Group (EWG) i nā laʻana wai paipū mai nā wahi he 44 ma nā mokuʻāina 31 i ka makahiki i hala a hōʻike i nā hopena i nā hapaʻumi o kēlā me kēia triona ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka wai ma New Brunswick, NC i loaʻa iā 185.9 ppt o PFAS.

Ua hoʻohana nā limahana o ka lehulehu no ke kuleana kūlohelohe, (PEER) (kikoʻī i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo) i nā ʻano anamanaʻo i hiki ke ʻike i nā pae o PFAS i nā hoʻoliʻiliʻi ma lalo o 200 - 600 ppt, a ua hoʻomohala nā Eurofins i nā ʻano kālailai i loaʻa ka palena o ka ʻike o 0.18 ng / g PFAS (180 ppt) i ka pāpaʻi a me ka iʻa a me 0.20 ng / g PFAS (200 ppt) i ka ʻolika. (Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories Env, LLC, Hōʻike Nānā, no PEER, Papahana / Pūnaewele Client: St Mary's 10/29/2020)
ʻO
No laila, pono e noʻonoʻo kekahi no ke aha ʻo MDE i hoʻolimalima ai iā Alpha Analytical e hoʻokele i ka noi PFAS inā kiʻekiʻe loa nā palena ʻike o nā hana i hoʻohana ʻia.
ʻO
Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe loa o nā palena ʻike o nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia e Alpha Analytical, ʻo nā hopena no kēlā me kēia PFAS i nā ʻāpana oyster "Non-Detect" (ND). Ma ka liʻiliʻi he 14 PFAS i hoʻāʻo ʻia i kēlā me kēia hāpana o kaʻiʻo oyster, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka hopena no kēlā me kēia me he ND. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kekahi mau laʻana no 36 ʻokoʻa PFAS, nā mea āpau i hōʻike iā ND. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻo ND ʻaʻohe PFAS a / a i ʻole ʻaʻohe pilikia olakino. A laila hōʻike ʻo MDE i ka nui o 14 a i ʻole 36 ND he 0.00. He hōʻike wahaheʻe kēia o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ma muli o nā hoʻohui PFAS hoʻohui ʻia e pili ana i ke olakino lehulehu, akāka akā ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o 14 concentrations ma lalo pono o ka palena o ka ʻike hiki ke like ka nui ma luna o kahi pae palekana. No laila, kahi ʻōlelo moakaka ʻaʻohe mea weliweli i ke olakino lehulehu e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka "ʻike ʻole" ke ʻike ʻole ʻia ke alo o PFAS i loko o ka wai, ʻaʻole piha a kuleana ʻole paha.

I Kepakemapa, 2020 Eurofins - Komikina ʻia e ka ʻAhahui Wailele ʻo St. Mary a kākoʻo kālā ʻia e PEER- hoʻāʻo nā ʻōlio mai ka muliwai ʻo St. Mary a me St. Inigoes Creek. ʻO nā ʻōlio i loko o ka muliwai ʻo St. Mary, i lawe kikoʻī ʻia mai Church Point, a ma St. Inigoes Creek, i lawe kikoʻī ʻia mai Kelley, ua loaʻa he ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā ʻāpana 1,000 ma ka triona (ppt). Ua ʻike ʻia ka Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) a me ka Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) i loko o nā huamoa Kelley, ʻoiai ʻo 6: 2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6: 2 FTSA) i ʻike ʻia i ka oyster Church Point. Ma muli o nā pae haʻahaʻa o PFAS, paʻakikī ka helu pono o kēlā me kēia PFAS e helu akā ʻo kahi pae o kēlā me kēia mea hiki ke helu ʻia penei:

ʻO ka mea e hoʻoleʻaleʻa ai, ʻaʻole i hoʻokolohua mau ka MDE i nā laʻana ʻōpelu no ka like o ka PFAS. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo MDE i nā aʻa ʻoloka a me ka waiʻona mai 10 mau laʻana. Hōʻike nā papa 7 a me 8 o ka PFAS Pilot Study i 6 o nā laʻana aole ua kālailai ʻia no PFBA, PRPeA, a i ʻole 6: 2 FTSA (ka hui like me 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H- Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (6: 2FTS)), ʻoiai ʻehā o nā laʻana i hoʻāʻo ʻia no kēia mau hui ʻekolu e hoʻihoʻi nei i nā ʻike o "Non Detect . ” ʻAʻohe o ka wehewehe ʻana o ka PFAS Pilot Study i kekahi mau wehewehe e pili ana i ke kumu o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o kekahi mau laʻana ʻōpihi no kēia PFAS ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau laʻana. Hōʻike ka MDE ua ʻike ʻia ka PFAS ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma loko o ka wahi noiʻi a ua hōʻike ʻia nā concentrations ma a i ʻole nā ​​palena palena o ka ʻike. ʻIke loa, ua kiʻekiʻe loa nā palena ʻike o nā hana i hana ʻia e ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻo Alpha Analytical e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) ma waena o 200 a 600 mau ʻāpana pākēneka i nā ʻōtio i ke aʻo PEER, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i loko o ke aʻo ʻana o Alpha Analytical. .

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka wai

Ua hōʻike pū ka PFAS Pilot Study i nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wai no PFAS. Hoʻohui ʻia, he kamaʻāina hopohopo a me ka mea kākau o kēia ʻatikala, ʻo Pat Elder mai St. Inigoes Creek, i hana pū me ke Keʻena Biological o ke Kulanui o Michigan e alakaʻi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wai i nā wai like i Pepeluali, 2020. Hōʻike ka papa i lalo i nā pae o 14 PFAS nā mea kālailai i nā hāpana wai e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e UM a me MDE.

Waha o St. Inigoes Creek Kennedy Bar - North Shore

ND - ʻAʻohe ʻike
<2 - Aia ma lalo ka palena o ka ʻike

Ua loaʻa ka loiloi UM i ka nui o 1,894.3 ppt i loko o ka wai, ʻoiai ua loaʻa nā laʻana MDE i ka 4.33 ppt, ʻoiai e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna o ka hapa nui o nā aniani i loaʻa e MDE e lilo iā ND. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha loa, ua hōʻike nā hopena UM i ka 1,544.4 ppt o PFOS ʻoiai ua hōʻike nā hōʻike MDE "ʻAʻohe ʻike." He ʻumi mau kemika PFAS i ʻike ʻia e UM i hoʻi mai ma ke ʻano he "No Detection" a i ʻole nānā ʻia e MDE. ʻO kēia hoʻohālikelike e kuhikuhi i kekahi i ka nīnau maopopo o ke "aha;" no ke aha e hiki ʻole ai i kekahi hale hana hoʻokolohua ke ʻike i ka PFAS i loko o ka wai a hiki i kekahi e hiki ke hana pēlā? ʻO kēia wale nō kekahi o nā nīnau i hāpai ʻia e nā hopena MDE. Ke koi nei ʻo PFAS Pilot Study ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā pae hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i ka wai ma luna o ka wai a me nā pae o ka ʻoyster no nā ʻano ʻelua o PFAS - Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) a me Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS ). Hoʻokumu ʻia nā hopena a MDE ma ka huina o ʻelua mau hui - PFOA + PFOS.

Eia hou, ʻaʻohe wehewehe i ka hōʻike no ke aha i koho wale ʻia kēia mau hui ʻelua i kāna pae hoʻohālikelike, a me ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo "ka pae ʻana o ka wai ma luna o ka wai a me nā pae hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻaʻa ʻōpelu. "

No laila, waiho ʻia ka lehulehu me kekahi nīnau hou aʻe: no ke aha ka palena o MDE i kāna hopena i kēia mau hui ʻelua ke ʻike ʻia nā mea he nui, a he nui nā mea i hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hana me ka palena haʻahaʻa ʻike palena haʻahaʻa.

Aia kekahi mau hakahaka o ke kiʻina hana i hoʻohana ʻia e MDE i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāna mau hopena, a me nā kūlike ʻole ʻole a me ka ʻole o ka wehewehe ʻana no ke kumu e hoʻāʻo ʻia ai nā hui PFAS ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā laʻana a ma nā hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻole wehewehe ka hōʻike i ke kumu o kekahi mau laʻana kahi ʻaʻole i kālailai ʻia no nā hui ʻoi aku a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o nā laʻana.

Hoʻopau ka MDE, "ma lalo ka nui o nā manaʻo loiloi e hōʻike ana i ka leʻaleʻa wai i lalo MDE kahua-kikoʻī papa wai hoʻohauʻoli hoʻohana hoʻohana hōʻike loiloi, "Akā ʻaʻole hāʻawi i ka wehewehe moakaka o ka mea a kēia pae hoʻohālikelike e hoʻopili ai. ʻAʻole wehewehe ʻia kēia a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke loiloi. Inā he hana ʻepekema kūpono kūpono ia, pono e hōʻike a wehewehe ʻia ke ʻano hana e pili ana i ke ʻano ʻepekema. Me ka ʻole o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e like me ka wehewehe a wehewehe ʻia ʻana o ka hana, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua i hiki ke nānā i nā noʻonoʻo ma nā pae haʻahaʻa i koi ʻia no ia ʻano anamanaʻo, ka ʻo nā hopena i kapa ʻia he hāʻawi liʻiliʻi i hiki ke hilinaʻi ʻia e ka lehulehu.

Leila Kaplus Marcovici, Esq. He loio loio e hana nei a me nā mea manawaleʻa me ka Sierra Club, New Jersey Chapter. ʻO Pat Elder kahi mea hana i ke kaiapuni ma St. Mary's City, MD a me nā mea manawaleʻa me ka hui ʻoihana Toxics a ka hui ʻo Sierra Club