Ua hoʻouna aku ka luna o ka Overseas Base Realignment and Closure Coalition i kahi leka e koi aku ana i nā ʻoihana ʻo Senate a me nā poʻe ʻoihana e lawelawe ai i nā keʻena e pili ana i nā waihona o nā waihona ma waho o ka FY2020 NDAA e hoʻonui i ka ʻike, hoʻopakele i nā kālā kālā ʻauhau kālā, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palekana aupuni. ʻO ka leka, i hoʻopili ai a ma lalo nei, i kau inoa ʻia e nā ʻoi aku he iwakālua o ka poʻe loea i hoʻokumu ʻia a me nā hui.
Hiki i nā nīnau ke kuhikuhi i OBRACC2018@gmail.com.
Me ka mahalo
ʻo Dāvida
ʻO David Vine
E Kauka
Keʻena o ka Anthropology
American University
4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Wakinekona, DC 20016 USA
Augate 23, 2019
Ka Mea Hanohano James Inhofe
Lunahoomalu, Komite o Senate i ka lawelawe kaua
Ka Mea Hanohano ʻo Jack Reed
Nā lālā hoʻonoho, ke Komite Senate me nā lawelawe ʻoihana
Ka Mea Hanohano Adam Smith
Lunahoomalu, ke Komite Oihana Oihana Oihana Hale
Ka mea hanohano Mac Thornberry
Ke lālā luna, Komite Hui Pūʻali Koa
ʻO nā Lūlani Kūʻai Inhofe a me Smith, a me nā Luna Hoʻolālā Luna a me Thornberry:
Kūkulu mākou i nā mea loea koa pūʻali koa mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka politika polekela e koi aku iā ʻoe e mālama iā Sec. 1079 o HR 2500, "E hōʻike ana i nā kumukūʻai kālā o Overseas United States Military Posture a me nā hana," ma ke Kānāwai Nā Manaʻo o Nā Kānāwai no ka Fiscal Year 2020. Inā hoʻokomo ikaika, hoʻomāhuahua kēia laha i ka ʻike a hiki i ka hoʻomalu ʻana ma luna o ka make ʻana o Pentagon, e kōkua ana i nā hana koʻikoʻi e hoʻopau i nā hoʻolimalima hana koa, a me ka hoʻoikaika i ka mākaukau kaua a me ka palekana o ke aupuni.
No ka lōʻihi loa, aia ka liʻiliʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i nā kahua kaua a me nā mahi kaua o ʻAmelika ma waho. Aia i kēia manawa nā kuhi pūʻali koa 800 US ("pae pūnaewele") ma waho o nā mokuā 50 a me Washington, DC. Halahalaha lākou ma kekahi mau ʻāina a me nā ʻāina 80-ʻoi pālua i ka nui o nā ʻāina puni e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hopena o ke Kaua Kānāwai. [1]
Ua hōʻike lōʻihi ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana he paʻakikī paʻakikī nā waihona o waho e hoʻopaʻa pono ai i kahi manawa i hoʻokumu ʻia ai. ʻO ka wehe pinepine, wehe ke kumu ma waho ma waho no ka inertia bureaucratic wale nō.[2] Manaʻo nā luna koa a me nā mea'ē aʻe inā inā i loaʻa kahi waihona ma waho, pono ia pono ia; Ua hoʻoweliweli ka ʻaha ʻo Congress i ka pūʻali koa e hoʻokolo a hōʻike i ka pono o ka palekana o ka lehulehu i nā waihona ma waho aku.
ʻO ka hōʻino a ka Navy ʻo "Leon Leonard", ka hopena i loaʻa he ʻumi miliona mau kālā i loko o nā uku keu a me ka palaho ākea ma waena o nā luna koa nui, kekahi o nā laʻana he nui o ka nele o ka nānā kīwila kūpono ʻana i nā ʻāina ʻē. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka pūʻali koa i ʻApelika kahi mea ʻē aʻe: i ka manawa i make ai nā koa ʻehā i ke kaua ma Nigera i ka makahiki 2017, ua pīhoihoi ka hapa nui o nā lālā o ka ʻAhaʻōlelo i ka ʻike aia ma kahi o ka 1,000 mau pūʻali koa koa i kēlā ʻāina. ʻOiai ua ʻōlelo lōʻihi ka Pentagon he hoʻokahi wale nō waihona ma ʻApelika - ma Djibouti - hōʻike ka noiʻi aia ma kahi o 40 mau hoʻonohonoho o nā ʻano like ʻole (ua ʻae kahi luna koa i 46 mau hoʻouka ma 2017). [3] Aia paha ʻoe i waena o kahi hui liʻiliʻi i ka ʻahaʻōlelo e ʻike nei ua komo ka pūʻali koa US i ka hakakā ma nā ʻāina he 22 mai ka manawa o 2001, me nā hopena pōʻino pinepine. [4]
ʻAʻole kūpono nā mākaʻi o kēia manawa no ka ʻAhaʻōlelo a me ka lehulehu e hoʻohana i ka pono kīwila kūpono ma luna o nā pūʻali koa a me nā hana i waho. Hāʻawi ka Pentagon mau makahiki i ka “Report Structure Base” i kekahi mau ʻike e pili ana i ka helu a me ka nui o nā kahua kahua ma nā ʻāina ʻē, eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻike i nā hoʻouka kaulana i nā ʻāina a puni ka ʻāina a hāʻawi pinepine i ka ʻikepili piha ʻole a pololei ʻole paha. [5] Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ʻaʻole maopopo i ka Pentagon ka helu maoli o nā hoʻonohonoho ma waho.
Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka 'Oihana Kūʻai ʻo "Overseas Cost Report," i loko o kāna palapala hoʻākāka kālā, he hāʻawi palena ʻikepili e pili ana i nā kau ʻana ma kekahi o nā ʻāina āpau e mālama ai ka pūʻali koa. Hoʻopau pinepine ʻia nā ʻikepili o ka Pūnaewele a pinepine ʻole i loaʻa i nā ʻāina he nui. No mua mau makahiki, ua hōʻike ʻo DoD i nā kumukūʻai o ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa ma nā kikowaena o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ma kahi o $ 20 biliona. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike kūʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai ʻo ka hana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā waihona ma waho o ka helu ma mua o kēlā me kēia helu, ʻoi aku ma mua o $ 51 biliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki, me nā uku holoʻokoʻa (me nā limahana) ma kahi o $ 150 billion. [6] mahalo maoli ʻia i nā ʻumi miliona o nā kālā e kahe ana mai nā moku'āina a me nā moku i nā wahi i waho o kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Inā hoʻokō pono, ʻo ka hōʻike hōʻike e Sec. Maikaʻi ʻo 1079 o HR 2500 ka mea e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka kaomi ʻana o nā hana o ka pūʻali koa i waho ma ka ʻae ʻana i ka ʻ thelike a me ka lehulehu e lawelawe i ka noho kiaʻi ma waena o ka Pentagon. Ke noi aku nei mākou iā ʻoe e hoʻokomo iā Sec. 1079 ma FY2020 NDAA. Ke paipai nei mākou iā ʻoe e loiloi i ka ʻōlelo no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo i loko o ka paukū 1, "i kau ʻia ma ka papa inoa o ka mana hope loa." Nā kikowaena o US ma waho.
Mahalo iā ʻoe i ko kēia mau hana koʻikoʻi e hoʻonui i ka ʻike ʻana, e mālama i nā kālā ʻauhau hoʻolimalima, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palekana aupuni.
me ka manao pono,
Ke Kūkulu'Āina o ka Mokupuni a me ka Hui Kū'ē
Christine Ahn, Women Cross DMZ
ʻO Andrew J. Bacevich, Ke Kulanui o Quincy no ka Pōʻī Hoʻokā kuleana
Medea Beniamina, Codirector, Codepink
ʻO Phyllis Bennis, Luna Hoʻokele, New Internationalism Project, Institute for Policy Studies
Leah Bolger, CDR, US Navy (ret), Pelekikena World BEYOND War
Noam Chomsky, Kumu Laureate o Linguistics, ʻO Agnese Nelms Haury Chair, Ke Kulanui o Arizona / Professor Emeritus Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Cynthia Enloe, ke Kaukaʻi Kaukaʻi, Ke Kulanui ʻO Clark
Kōkua Pono ʻAmelika, Inc.
ʻO Joseph Gerson ka Pelekikena, Pelekikena, no ka Maluhia, Hōʻaleʻaleʻa a me nā Pūnaehana maʻamau
David C. Hendrickson, Kolosa Kaukila
ʻO Matthew Hoh, Kēkelē Kēlā, Pūnaewele no ka Pānaho Kūloko
ʻO Guahan Coalition no ka Maluhia a me ka Pono
Kyle Kajihiro, Hawaiʻi a maluhia hoʻi
ʻO Gwyn Kirk, wahine no ka palekana palekana
ʻO MG Dennis Laich, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, Ua hoʻi
John Lindsay-Poland, Hoʻopau i nā ʻĀmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i Mexico, ʻo Global Exchange; mea kākau Emperors i ka Jungle: ʻO ka Mīkini huna o ka US ma Panama
ʻO Catherine Lutz, ʻo Thomas J. Watson, Jr. ʻ Professorlelo Kumu o ka Anthropology a me ka Haʻawina ʻInikua, Watson Institute no International and Public Affairs and Department of Anthropology, Brown University
Khury Petersen-Smith, Institute no nā Kūlana ʻona Kūlana
ʻO Del Spurlock, Kuhina Nui mua a me ke kākau ʻōlelo kōkua o ka pūʻali koa US no Manpower a me Reserve Reserve
David Swanson, Luna Hoʻokele, World BEYOND War
ʻO David Vine, Professor, Keʻena oʻAmelika Pākuʻi,ʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa
ʻO Stephen Wertheim, Quincy Institute no ka kuleana kuleana a me ka Institute o ke Kaua a me ka Maluhia o Saltzman, Ke Kulanui ʻo Columbia
Kāleka Ann Wright, ua kāʻei ʻo ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a he diploma ma mua o US
Hoʻopau
[1] ʻO David Vine, "Papa Inoa o nā Pūʻali Koa US ma nā ʻāina ʻē," 2017, Kulanui ʻAmelika, http://dx.doi.org/10.17606/M6H599; David Vine, Māhele Kūʻokoʻa: Pehea ka hanaʻana a nā US Koa i nā'āina'ē i ka hewa oʻAmelika a me ka Honua (Metropolitan, 2015). Loaʻa nā ʻike hou a me nā helu e pili ana i nā waihona US ʻenehana ma www.overseasbases.net/fact-sheet.html.Nā nīnau, ʻoi hou aku ka ʻike: OBRACC2018@gmail.com / www.overseasbases.net.
[2] Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi o nā noiʻi nui ʻole a ka ʻahaʻōlelo nui a ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o nā kahua paʻa o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma kahi ʻē. Ua lilo paha nā mikiona kumu i mea ʻole, akā hoʻomohala ʻia nā mikiona hou, ʻaʻole wale me ka manaʻo e mālama i ka hale, akā e hoʻonui pinepine ia. " ʻO ka Senate o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, "ʻAelike a me nā Hoʻohiki a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma nā ʻāina ʻē," Nā hālāwai hoʻolohe manaʻo i mua o ka Senate Subcommite e pili ana i nā ʻaelike palekana a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma nā ʻāina ʻē o ke kōmike no nā pilina ʻē, kanaiwakūmākahi ʻAmelika, Vol. 2, 2417. ʻO nā noiʻi hou loa i hōʻoia i kēia loaʻa. Eg, John Glaser, "Me ka haʻalele ʻana mai nā ʻāina i waho: no ke aha e pono ʻole ai kahi kūlana koa i mua o ka wā i hala, hala ʻole, a weliweli hoʻi," Nānā Kālā 816, Institute CATO, Iulai 18, 2017; ʻO Chalmers Johnson, Nā Maluhia o ka Mō'ī: Militarism, Secrecy, a me ka hopena o ka Repubalika (Nūpepa: Metropolitan, 2004); Vine, Māhele Kūʻokoʻa.
[3] ʻO Nick Turse, "Wahi a ka Pūʻali Koa US He 'Kīwāhi Malamalama' ia ma ʻApelika. Hōʻike kēia mau palapala i kahi pūnaewele nui o nā kumu, ” ʻO ke kuʻina, 'Okakuali 1, 2018,https://theintercept.com/2018/12/01/u-s-military-says-it-has-a-light-footprint-in-africa-these-documents-show-a-vast-network-of-bases/; ʻO Stephanie Savell a me 5W Infographics, "I kēia Palapala Hōʻike Ma hea i ke Ao o ka Hui Pūʻali Kauaʻi ʻo US i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana," ʻO Smithsonian Magazine, Ianuali 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/map-shows-places-world-where-us-military-operates-180970997/; ʻO Nick Turse, "Ke Kaua Kaua Kaua ʻAmelika ma ʻApelika Hunahuna ʻO nā Palapala Koa Koa a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Mele Kalikimaka.com, ʻApelila 27, 2017, http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/176272/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_the_u.s._military_moves_deeper_into_africa/.
[4] Afghanistan, Pakistan, Pilipine, Somalia, Yemen, Iraq, Libya, Uganda, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger, the Central Africa Republic, Syria, Kenya, Cameroon, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic o Kongo, Saudi Arabia, a me Tunisia. E nānā iā Savell a me 5W Infographics; ʻO Nick Turse lāua ʻo Sean D. Naylor, "Hōʻike ʻia: Ke Kaʻina Hana Helu 36 a ka US Koa ma ʻApelika," Yahoo News, ʻApelila 17, 2019, https://news.yahoo.com/revealed-the-us-militarys-36-codenamed-operations-in-africa-090000841.html.
[5] ʻO Nick Turse, “Nā kumu, nā kumu, ma nā wahi āpau ... Koe i ka hōʻike a ka Pentagon,” Mele Kalikimaka.com, Ianuali 8, 2019, http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/176513/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_one_down%2C_who_knows_how_many_to_go/#more; Vine, Lālaʻi 3-5; Vine, "papa inoa o nā pūʻali koa militere ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa."
[6] ʻO David Vine, Ke Kulanui ʻAmelika, kuhi o nā kumu kumu no OBRACC, vine@american.edu, hōʻano hou i nā helu helu ma ka Vine, Lālaʻi 195-214.
