ʻO Jim Young ka mea mahiʻai i kahi missile silo ma kona ʻāina kokoke i Harrisburg ma Banner County. Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā ʻōpio a me nā mea ʻāina ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka Air Force e pāpā i nā wili makani i loko o ʻelua mau mile nautical o kēia mau missile silo - kahi hoʻoholo i hoʻomaha a hoʻopau paha i ka papahana makani makani nui loa ma ka mōʻaukala Nebraska. Kiʻi na Fletcher Halfaker no ka Flatwater Free Press.
Na Natalia Alamdari, Ka Pa'i Pa'i Pa'a, Kepakemapa 22, 2022
Kokoke i HARRISBURG–Ma ke Kalana Banner maloʻo iwi, ʻauheʻe nā ao lepo i ka lewa e like me nā traktor uwē a hiki i ka lepo i kalua ʻia e ka lā.
Ma kekahi mau mahinaai, maloo loa ka lepo no ka hoomaka ana e kanu i ka palaoa hooilo.
"ʻO kēia ka manawa mua o koʻu ola ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke kiʻi i ka palaoa i ka lepo," wahi a Jim Young, e kū ana ma kahi māla i noho i loko o kona ʻohana no 80 mau makahiki. “Liʻiliʻi loa ka ua iā mākou. A loaʻa iā mākou ka makani he nui.
ʻO kekahi o nā makani maikaʻi loa o ka ʻāina, ʻoiaʻiʻo.
ʻO ia ke kumu he 16 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻomaka nā hui ikehu makani e hoʻokipa i ka poʻe nona ka ʻāina ma uka a ma lalo o ke alanui County 14 ma ka ʻākau o Kimball - kahi hamo poni hohonu ma ka Nebraska Panhandle ma nā palapala ʻāina wikiwiki. ʻO ka hōʻailona o ka makani kiʻekiʻe, hilinaʻi.
Ma kahi o 150,000 mau ʻeka i hoʻolimalima ʻia e nā hui ikehu, ua mākaukau kēia kalana o 625 mau kānaka e lilo i home no ka nui o 300 mau makani makani.
ʻO ia ka papahana makani nui loa ma ka mokuʻāina, e lawe mai ana i nā kālā he nui no nā mea nona ka ʻāina, nā mea hoʻomohala, ke kalana a me nā kula kūloko.
Akā, ʻo kahi alahele i manaʻo ʻole ʻia: ʻO ka US Air Force.
He palapala ʻāina o nā missile silos ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi o FE Warren Air Force Base ma Cheyenne. ʻO nā kiko ʻōmaʻomaʻo he mau hale hoʻomaka, a ʻo nā kiko poni he mau mea hoʻolaha missile. Aia he 82 missile silos a me ʻeiwa mau keʻena makaʻala missile ma ke komohana o Nebraska, i ʻōlelo ʻia e kahi waha ʻōlelo Air Force. FE Warren Air Force Base.
Ma lalo o ka lepo lepo o Banner County he mau kakini o nā missiles nukili. Noho ʻia i loko o nā pūʻali koa i ʻeli ʻia ma mua o 100 kapuaʻi i loko o ka lepo, ke kali nei nā relics Cold War ma ke kuaʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika, kahi ʻāpana o nā pale nuklea o ka ʻāina.
No nā makahiki he nui, pono nā hale kiʻekiʻe e like me nā turbine makani ma kahi o ka hapahā mile ka mamao mai nā silos missile.
Akā ma mua o kēia makahiki, ua hoʻololi ka pūʻali koa i kāna kulekele.
ʻO kekahi o nā missile silos aia ma Banner County. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka nui o nā silos ma kahi ʻano mānoanoa a ma kahi o ʻeono mau mile ke kaʻawale. Hoʻonoho ʻia ma ʻaneʻi i ka makahiki 1960, ʻo ka Air Force silos, kahi e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā mea kaua nuklea, ke hoʻopilikia nei i kahi papahana ikehu makani nui. Kiʻi na Fletcher Halfaker no ka Flatwater Free Press
I kēia manawa, ʻōlelo lākou, ʻaʻole hiki i nā turbines i kēia manawa i loko o ʻelua mau mile nautical o nā silos. Ua hoʻokuʻu ka hoʻololi i nā ʻeka o nā ʻoihana ikehu ʻāina i hoʻolimalima ʻia mai nā kamaʻāina - a ua hoʻopio i ka makani hiki ke hāʻule mai nā haneli o nā mahiʻai i kali i 16 mau makahiki no ka lilo ʻana o nā turbine i mea maoli.
He kū hoʻokahi ka papahana Banner County, akā ʻo ia kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e hakakā ai ʻo Nebraska e hoʻohana i kāna kumu waiwai ikehu hou.
ʻO Oft-windy Nebraska ka pae ʻewalu ma ka ʻāina i ka ikehu makani, e like me ke aupuni federal. Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka puka makani makani o ka mokuʻāina i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Akā ke hoʻomau nei ʻo Nebraska ma hope o nā hoalauna ʻo Colorado, Kansas a me Iowa, ua lilo lākou i mau alakaʻi aupuni i ka makani.
Ua hoʻonui nā papahana Banner County i ka makani makani o Nebraska e 25%. ʻAʻole maopopo i kēia manawa i ka nui o nā turbine e hiki ai ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka Air Force.
“He mea nui kēia no ka poʻe mahiʻai. A he mea ʻoi aku ka nui o kēlā me kēia mea nona ka waiwai ma Banner County, "wahi a Young. “He mea pepehi kanaka wale no. ʻAʻole maopopo iā ʻoe pehea e ʻōlelo ai.
OLA ME NUKES
Ke kalaiwa nei ʻo John Jones i kāna kaʻaahi i ka wā i hele mai ai nā helikopa ma mua o ke poʻo. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kāna tractor i ka lepo e hoʻoulu ai i nā mea ʻike neʻe o ka missile silo.
Ua holo wikiwiki nā Jeeps a lele nā kānaka i mea kaua e nānā i ka hoʻoweliweli.
"Ua hoʻomau au i ka mahiʻai," wahi a Jones.
Ua noho pū ka poʻe o Banner County me nā missile silos mai ka makahiki 1960. No ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka ʻenehana nuklea Soviet, ua hoʻomaka ka US e kanu i nā haneli o nā missiles ma nā wahi kuaʻāina loa o ka ʻāina, e hoʻonoho iā lākou e pana ma luna o ka ʻĀkau ʻĀkau a i ka Soviet Union i ka manawa pōkole.
Nānā ʻo Tom May i ka ulu ʻana o kāna palaoa i kanu ʻia. ʻO Mei, ka mea i mahiʻai ma Banner County no nā makahiki ʻoi aku ma mua o 40, ʻōlelo ʻo kāna palaoa ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā kūlana maloʻo e like me kēia makahiki. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo May, ka mea i ʻaelike me nā hui ʻenehana makani e ʻae i ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o nā turbine makani ma luna o kona ʻāina, ʻaʻole e ʻae ka hoʻololi o ka Air Force i kēia manawa i hoʻokahi turbine makani ma kona ʻāina. Kiʻi na Fletcher Halfaker no ka Flatwater Free Press
I kēia lā, aia nā silos i hoʻopau ʻia i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma Nebraska. Akā ʻo 82 silos i ka Panhandle e hana mau ana a hoʻomalu ʻia 24/7 e nā hui Air Force.
ʻEhā haneli intercontinental ballistic missiles - ICBM - i hoʻolei ʻia i ka lepo ma ka ʻākau o Colorado, ke komohana ʻo Nebraska, Wyoming, North Dakota a me Montana. Hiki i nā missiles 80,000-paona ke lele i 6,000 mau mile ma lalo o ka hapalua hola a hoʻopōʻino i 20 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pōkā i hāʻule ma Hiroshima i ke Kaua Honua II.
"Inā loaʻa iā mākou ka pōkā, ʻōlelo lākou ʻo kēia ka wahi mua a lākou e hoʻopā ai, no nā silo i loaʻa iā mākou ma ʻaneʻi," wahi a ka mea mahiʻai ʻo Tom May.
Aia kēlā me kēia ʻeka o ka waiwai o Mei i loko o ʻelua mau mile o kahi missile silo. Ma lalo o ke kānāwai Air Force hou, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kau i hoʻokahi turbine makani ma kona ʻāina.
Ua hele mua mai nā mea hoʻomohala makani makani i Banner County ma kahi o 16 mau makahiki i hala aku nei - nā kāne me nā polo a me nā ʻaʻahu ʻaʻahu i mālama i kahi hālāwai lehulehu no nā mea ʻāina hoihoi ma ke kula ma Harrisburg.
Ua loaʻa iā Banner ka mea i kapa ʻia e nā mea hoʻomohala "ka makani honua." Nui ka poʻe nona ka ʻāina i makemake nui - ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i kā lākou mau ʻeka me ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki ma kahi o $15,000 no kēlā me kēia turbine i kēlā me kēia makahiki. E hoʻolele pū ana nā turbine i ke kālā i loko o ke kalana a me ka ʻōnaehana kula, wahi a nā luna kalana a me nā luna ʻoihana.
"Ma Banner County, ua hōʻemi ʻia ka ʻauhau waiwai i mea ʻole," wahi a Young i haʻi ʻia iā lākou.
ʻO ka hopena, ʻelua hui - Invenergy a me Orion Renewable Energy Group - i hoʻopau i nā hoʻolālā e hoʻokumu i nā turbine makani ma Banner County.
Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā haʻawina pili kaiapuni. Ua pūlima ʻia nā ʻae, nā hoʻolimalima a me nā ʻaelike.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo Orion he 75 a i ka 100 turbines, a manaʻolana e loaʻa kahi papahana e hana ʻia i kēia makahiki.
E kūkulu ana ʻo Invenergy e like me 200 turbines. Ua kūpono ka hui i nā ʻauhau ʻauhau federal e hoʻomaka ai i ka papahana a ua ninini ʻo ia i nā pad concrete e noho ai nā turbines, e uhi hou iā lākou me ka honua i hiki i ka poʻe mahiʻai ke hoʻohana i ka ʻāina a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana.
Akā ʻo nā kūkākūkā me ka pūʻali koa e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 2019 i hoʻopau i nā papahana.
ʻO nā turbine makani he "pilikia palekana palekana," i ʻōlelo ʻia e kahi ʻōlelo a Air Force ma kahi leka uila. ʻAʻole i loaʻa kēlā mau turbine i ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai nā silos. I kēia manawa ke ʻike nei lākou i ka ʻāina kuaʻāina, ua ʻōlelo ka Air Force e pono e loiloi hou i kāna mau lula setback. ʻO ka helu hope loa i hoʻonoho ʻia he ʻelua mile nautika - 2.3 mile ma ka ʻāina - no laila ʻaʻole e hāʻule nā helikopa i ka wā hau a me ka ʻino.
Pono ka mamao e mālama i nā mokulele i ka wā "nā hana palekana i kēlā me kēia lā, a i ʻole nā hana pane koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai e noho pū ana me ko mākou mau hoa ʻAmelika nona a hana i ka ʻāina a puni kēia mau mea koʻikoʻi," wahi a kahi ʻōlelo.
I ka mahina o Mei, ua huakaʻi nā luna koa mai Wyoming's FE Warren Air Force Base e haʻi i ka nūhou i ka poʻe nona ka ʻāina. Ma luna o kahi papahana ma luna o ka hale ʻaina ʻo Sagebrush o Kimball, ua hōʻike lākou i nā kiʻi i hoʻonui ʻia o ka mea a nā pailaka helikopter e ʻike ai i ka wā e lele ana ma kahi kokoke i nā turbine i loko o kahi ʻino hau.
No ka hapa nui o ka poʻe nona ka ʻāina, ua hiki mai ka lono ma ke ʻano he ʻūhā. Ua ʻōlelo lākou ua kākoʻo lākou i ka palekana aupuni a mālama i nā lālā lawelawe. Akā, manaʻo lākou: ʻEwalu paha ka nui o ka mamao?
“ʻAʻole iā lākou kēlā ʻāina. Akā ʻo ka manawa koke, loaʻa iā lākou ka mana e hoʻopau i nā mea āpau, e haʻi mai iā mākou i ka mea hiki iā mākou a hiki ʻole ke hana, "wahi a Jones. “ʻO nā mea a pau a mākou e makemake ai e kūkākūkā. ʻO 4.6 mau mile [ka anawaena] kahi mamao loa, i koʻu manaʻo.
Ma waho o ke alanui County 19, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi pā kaulahao i kahi komo komo silo mai ka ʻāina mahiʻai a puni. ʻO nā paka ʻōpio ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ke alanui a kuhikuhi i kahi puʻu i kahi hale kiaʻi meteorological i hoʻokomo ʻia e kahi hui ikehu.
Aia nā ʻeka o ka ʻāina mahiʻai ma waena o ka missile silo a me ka hale kiaʻi. Ke kuhikuhi nei ka hale kiaʻi ʻo Young e ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he laina liʻiliʻi ma ka lewa, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke kukui ʻulaʻula.
"Ke hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i kahi helikopter ma luna o kekahi haukapila o ka ʻāina, ke ʻōlelo nei lākou ua kokoke loa kēia," wahi a Young, e kuhikuhi ana i ka missile silo a me ka hale kiaʻi mamao. "I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ke kumu o ko mākou huhū, ʻeā?"
HOOMAIKAI ANA I KA MAKANI, AKA NAE NAE
Ua kūkulu ʻo Nebraska i kāna mau makani makani mua i ka makahiki 1998 - ʻelua hale kiaʻi ma ke komohana o Springview. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia e ka Nebraska Public Power District, he hoʻāʻo ka ʻelua no kahi mokuʻāina nona ka hoa noho ʻo Iowa e hoʻolaha nei i ka ikehu makani mai ka makahiki 1980.
Hōʻike ka palapala ʻāina o nā hale makani ma Nebraska i ka wikiwiki o ka makani ma ka mokuʻāina. ʻO ka ʻāpana poni ʻeleʻele e ʻoki ana i ka Banner County i ka hapalua e hōʻike ana i kahi i hele ai nā hana makani ʻelua. Na ka 'Oihana Kaiapuni a me Energy Nebraska
I ka makahiki 2010, ʻo Nebraska ka 25th ma ka ʻāina i ka hana ʻana i ka mana i hana ʻia e ka makani - ʻo ka lalo o ka pā i waena o nā mokuʻāina ʻo Great Plains.
ʻO nā kumu e hoʻoulu ai i ka lag he mea kū hoʻokahi ʻo Nebraskan. ʻO Nebraska wale nō ka mokuʻāina i lawelawe piha ʻia e nā pono hana a ka lehulehu, i kauoha ʻia e hāʻawi i ka uila haʻahaʻa loa.
Hoʻohana wale ʻia nā ʻauhau ʻauhau Federal no nā mahiʻai makani i ka ʻoihana pilikino. Me ka liʻiliʻi o ka heluna kanaka, ka uila haʻahaʻa a me ke komo ʻana i nā laina hoʻouna, nele ʻo Nebraska i ka mākeke no ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka ikehu makani.
He ʻumi makahiki o ke kānāwai i kōkua i ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēlā helu helu. Ua ʻae ʻia nā pono aupuni e kūʻai i ka mana mai nā mea hoʻomohala makani pilikino. Ua hoʻohuli ke kānāwai mokuʻāina i nā ʻauhau i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai nā mea hoʻomohala makani a hoʻi i ke kalana a me ka apana kula - ʻo ke kumu i emi ai ka ʻauhau o nā māla makani Banner no nā kamaʻāina.
I kēia manawa, ua lawa ʻo Nebraska i nā turbine makani e hoʻoulu i 3,216 megawatts, e neʻe ana i ka ʻumikumamālima o ka lāhui.
ʻO ka ulu haʻahaʻa, wahi a ka poʻe loea. Akā, me ke kānāwai pekelala hou e hoʻoikaika ana i ka makani a me ka ikehu lā, a me nā ʻāpana mana aupuni nui ʻekolu o Nebraska e hoʻokō nei i ka hele ʻana i ke kalapona ʻole, manaʻo ʻia e wikiwiki ka makani makani ma ka mokuʻāina.
ʻO ka pilikia nui loa i kēia manawa ʻo ia ʻo Nebraskans i makemake ʻole i nā turbine makani ma ko lākou mau kalana.
ʻO nā turbines he maka maka walaʻau, wahi a kekahi. Me ka ʻole o nā hōʻaiʻē ʻauhau federal, ʻaʻole lākou he ala naʻauao kālā e hoʻohua ai i ka uila, wahi a Tony Baker, ke kōkua kānāwai no Sen. Tom Brewer.
I ʻApelila, ua kau nā Komisina Kalana ʻo Otoe i ka moratorium hoʻokahi makahiki ma nā papahana makani. Ma ke Kalana ʻo Gage, ua ʻae nā luna i nā kapu e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka makani e hiki mai ana. Mai ka makahiki 2015, ua hōʻole a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā komisina kalana ma Nebraska i nā mahiʻai makani 22 mau manawa, e like me ka mea kākau nūhou. ʻO ka waihona ʻāina ʻo Robert Bryce.
"ʻO ka mea mua a mākou i lohe ai mai ka waha o kēlā me kēia, ʻaʻole mākou makemake i kēlā mau turbine makani pōʻino e pili ana i ko mākou wahi," wahi a Baker, e wehewehe ana i nā kipa ʻana me Brewer's Sandhills constituents. “Na ka makani e hoʻokaʻawale i ka lole o nā kaiāulu. He ʻohana kou e pōmaikaʻi ana mai ia mea, makemake ʻoe, akā ʻaʻole makemake nā mea a pau e pili ana iā lākou.
Hiki ke loaʻa nā makani makani he nui ma kahi o Banner County ma ke kalana ʻo Kimball. ʻO kēia wahi o Nebraska kekahi o nā wahi maikaʻi loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no nā makani paʻa, kiʻekiʻe ka wikiwiki, wahi a nā loea ikehu. Kiʻi na Fletcher Halfaker no ka Flatwater Free Press
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo John Hansen, ka pelekikena o ka Nebraska Farmers Union, ua piʻi aʻe ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā mahiʻai makani i nā makahiki i hala. Akā, he mea liʻiliʻi nui, wahi āna. Ua manaʻo he kanawalu pākēneka o nā Nebraskans kuaʻāina e hana hou aku e hoʻomohala i ka makani a me ka ikehu lā, e like me ka 2015 University of Nebraska-Lincoln poll.
"ʻO ia ka pilikia NIMBY," wahi a Hansen, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manaʻo acronym, "ʻAʻole i loko o koʻu pā hale." ʻO ia, "'ʻAʻole wau kū'ē i ka ikehu makani, ʻaʻole wau makemake ia ma koʻu wahi.' ʻO kā lākou pahuhopu e hōʻoia ʻaʻole i kūkulu ʻia kahi papahana, manawa. "
No nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Nebraska e kū nei i ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka, hiki i nā turbines makani ke manaʻo i ka manawa waiwai, wahi a Hansen. Ma Petersburg, ʻo ke komo ʻana o nā limahana ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o kahi māla makani i alakaʻi i kahi hale kūʻai hemahema e kūkulu i kahi lua, wahi āna. Ua like ia me ka hana hapa manawa no ka poe mahiai i ae i na turbine.
"Ua like ia me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka luawai aila ma kou ʻāina me ka pau ʻole o ka haumia," wahi a Dave Aiken, he kumu aʻoaʻo UNL ag economics. "Manaʻo ʻoe he mea noʻonoʻo ʻole ia."
Ma Banner County, ua kahe ka pono waiwai i loko o nā wahi a puni, wahi a nā mea nona ka ʻāina. Ua kūʻai aku paha nā poʻe e kūkulu ana i nā turbine i nā mea kūʻai a noho i nā hōkele ma nā kalana ʻo Kimball a me Scotts Bluff.
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole maopopo ka poʻe nona ka ʻāina i ka mea e hiki mai ana. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Orion i ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka Air Force i ka hapalua o kāna mau turbine i hoʻolālā ʻia. Ke lana nei ka manaʻolana e holo ana kahi papahana ma 2024. Ua hōʻole ʻo Invenergy i ka kikoʻī i nā hoʻolālā e hiki mai ana.
"Aia wale kēia kumuwaiwai, mākaukau e hoʻohana ʻia," wahi a Brady Jones, ke keiki a John Jones. "Pehea mākou e haʻalele ai i kēlā? I ka manawa a mākou e kau nei i nā kānāwai e hoʻonui nui ai i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka ikehu makani ma kēia ʻāina? Pono e hele mai kēlā ikehu mai kekahi wahi mai.
