Na Lucas Koerner, Dekemaba 10, 2019
mai ka Fair.org
I ko mākou wā hou o nā makahiki hou o kaua? ole a kaua, hana i nā 'ahahui media i ka hana o nā mea pīhoihoi kaumaha ideological i loko o ka mākona o nā mana imperialist Western. Ka lā i ka lā a i ka lā, "kaulana" e hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā mea e holomua ana a me / a i ʻole ke aupuni anti-imperialist ma ka Hema o ka ʻaoʻao me nā punahele o nā kahe a me ke kuhi hewa ʻole (e laʻa. FAIR.org, 5/23/18, 8/23/18, 4/11/19, 7/25/19).
ʻO ka hopena kumulāwa e hoʻonaʻauao i kekahi aupuni i kū ʻole ʻole ʻia e ke ao ʻana o ke Komohana, e hōʻoia ana i ka ʻae ʻana, a hoʻopaʻi i ka ʻāina, pepehi kaua a me nā meaʻae holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo US-kākoʻo kūleʻa hou ma Bolivia kahi mahele hihia kānāwai. I ka alakaʻi nui ʻana i ka pūʻali koa o Evo Morales, ua hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻo Media ma ke ʻano he nui nā demokrasi a ka pelekikena o ke kanaka kūlohelohe, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka lanakila ʻana o ke koho balota ʻana e ka palena nui (FAIR.org, 11/5/19).
Akā ʻaʻole wale nā hui o nā keʻena i ke kaua ʻana iā Morales. ʻO ka holomua a me nā pāpāho ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻUwaho o ka Hema e hōʻike lōʻihi ana i ka haʻalele ʻana o Bolivie i ka Movement Towards Socialism (MAS) aupuni he repressive, pro-capitalist and anti-environment-all in the name of "left" critique. Ma ke ʻano o ka manaʻo i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ka hopena o ka huina e hoʻonāwaliwali i ke kūkaʻi maʻi kūloko i loko o nā mokuʻāina imperial i ka luku ʻana i kā lākou make ma waho.
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka mākaukau
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pahu hana Nīmeka 10, ua hoʻokūkū ka poʻe nūpepa hui i kā lākou ʻana i ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i ka lehulehu, e hōʻike ana i nā pūʻulu fascist he "ka hoʻokūkū demokratika" (FAIR.org, 11/11/19, 11/15/19).
ʻO ka mea kupanaha loa, ʻo ia ka pane ʻana o ka neʻe mua ʻana o Western, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e kekahi e hoʻohiki i ka hoʻopololei a noi i ka hoʻihoʻi koke ʻana mai o Evo Morales.
ʻAʻole nui ka helu weliweli.
Ma ke kiʻi koke o Morster, I ke kuʻuna (11/11/19, 11/15/19, 11/16/19) paʻi i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā naʻau ʻolua Bolivian a me Latin American e pāʻani ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kahi coup dʻetat a ke kiʻi nei i nā kūlike ma waena o ke aupuni Morales a me ka ʻaha fascist. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia i nā lā i hala ʻia i ke aupuni me ka hoʻopunipuni, e hōʻoia ana i ka kudala e hiki mai ana (I ke kuʻuna, 11/8/19, 11/10/19). ʻO ka hale kūʻai kū ʻia ʻo Vermont, me nā kuʻikahi hanana i ka neʻe non-Aligned, hōʻole i ka hoʻopuka no nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe o Bolivian o ka manaʻo e kūʻē ʻole ana i ka ʻāpono.
Ua hōʻike pololei nā wahi holomua e haʻi ʻia ka hoʻokahuli ʻana o Morales i ka ʻāpono, akā ua manaʻo ʻia e nīnau i ke ʻano kūpono o ka alakaʻi a ka poʻe ʻōiwi no ka "nuance."
ʻOiai e ʻāhewa ana i ka hoʻopunipuni a me ka hōʻole loa ʻana i nā ʻōlelo hoʻopunipuni poʻomanaʻo, nā papa hoʻoponopono o Nā NACLA Pūnaewele ma nāʻAmelika (11/13/19) naʻe naʻe i hōʻole ʻia i ka haʻi ʻana aku i ka launa pū me Morales a me ka hui MAS. Ma kahi o ka mea, ua hana ka lōlō i MAS no ka hana "lohi o ka wailua holomua" a me ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi i ka "ka papa kālai'āina a me ke aupuni prebendal." NACLAʻO ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana o ka haʻaheo ma ka wīwī maikaʻi, i ka haʻi ʻana i ka "hana a MAS a me ka mōʻaukala o nā kolohe politika," ma mua o ka manaʻo e "ke kumu hoʻohalike o ke ola kūwaho kūpono, ka hana a nā mana oligarchic a me nā mea hana o waho, a me ka hana hoʻokūkū hope. e ka poe koa, ke hoike aku nei no ko makou hoike ana i ka haipuia. "
He ʻatikala ma hope NACLA (10/15/19) makemake i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa inā i hana ʻia e ka pūʻali koa Morales ka hana kupapaʻu, ʻaʻole e ʻike i nā ʻano kumu ʻole o nā hoʻopiʻi a OAS a me ke kiʻi ʻana i ka hana "racialized" a nā poʻe fascist "i" polarization. "ʻO nā mea kākau, ʻo Linda Farthing a me Olivia Arigho-Stiles, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. ua hoʻohiki ʻia ka manaʻo o ka loiloi ʻana inā he hewa ʻo Morales no ka ʻemokalaka "paakiki."
I kēia manawa, a ʻ Verslelo Blogo uiala (11/15/19) me Forrest Hylton lāua ʻo Jeffrey Webber kāhea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ai ke kauoha demokratika o Morales e hoʻohanohano ʻia, akā e koi ana i nā poʻe hema e "e koi i ka ʻūwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwī ʻole" me ka ʻāpiki ʻole i ka ʻāhewa ʻana o Morales.
Ma kahi o nā mea waho, he nui loa kēia mau papa hoʻoponopono no ka papa no ka holomua ʻana o ka pae hoʻolaha ma Bolivia i nā mahina i hala aku nei a me nā makahiki i hala.
ʻO ka hana ʻana i kahi mea pepehi lōkeke
Ke alakaʻi nei i ka koho balota ʻoʻOkakopa 20, ua nui nā wahi i kuhi ʻia a i ʻole ke ʻae i ka ʻāhewa hewa ʻole ma waena o Morales a me Pelekikena ʻo ʻAmelike Hui Pū ʻIa me Jales Bolsonaro i ka pane ʻana i nā ahi ulu lāʻau i nā aupuni ʻelua.
ʻOiai ke hōʻole ʻana i ia kaulike NACLA (8/30/19) ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia nā kulekele o nā "aupuni extrivist" no ka "hōʻino i ka luku ʻana i ka Amazon a ma waho aʻe," ʻoiai ke kiola nei i nā ʻāina ʻo North North e pili ana i ka hana "kaha" e like me ka uku ʻana i kā lākou mau mākaa i kālai ʻia.
ʻO ka poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i maʻalahi. Ke kākau ʻana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o UK Novara Media (8/26/19), Claire Wordley i hoʻohālikelike maoli ai i ke aupuni Morales iā Bolsonaro ma Palakila, ke kāhea aku nei i nā kulekele MAS "ʻo kēlā me kēia mea he extractivist a hōʻino paha e like me ka poʻe kapitalis a Morales i ʻōlelo ai i ka inaina." ʻOi aku ka hōʻino, ke haʻi nei ʻo Jhanisse Vaca-Daza, a ʻO ke hoʻololi ʻana i ke aupuni kākoʻo i ke Komohana, e hōʻoka i ke kāhea ʻana o ke aupuni Morales i ke ahi ʻana.
He ʻāpana i loko ʻO Truthout (9/26/19) lawe ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo wahaheʻe i nā kiʻekiʻe hou, e hoʻohālikelike ana iā Morales iā Bolsonaro a hoʻopiʻi aku nei i ke alakaʻi o Bolivian o "genocide." "Ua hoʻokani kuhiʻo Evo Morales no ka wā lōʻihi, akā nīā nui loa kona aupuni ... e like me Bolsonaro ma Brazil," kākau a Manuela Picq, Ke hele nei ka haʻi ʻana i ka poʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo "Bolivians" nāna i kālai ʻia ka pelekikena maoli he "pepehi kanaka kūlohelohe." ʻAʻole i hāʻawi ʻo Picq i ka loiloi e pili ana i ka hemahema o nā hema a me ka lehulehu e pili ana i nā hana o ka hoʻokele waiwai.
He mea hou ʻole ka "extrivist" critiques o Morales, e hoʻi ana i kāna hoʻolālā kūʻē 2011 i kāna kūloko e kūkulu i kahi alanui ma o ka Isiboro Secure Territory Territory and National Park (TIPNIS). E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o Federico Fuentes i ka Ke Kuhi Wai Lele (i paʻi ʻia ma NACLA, 5/21/14), ka mōʻī nui extrivism / anti-extrivism o ka hakakā i lawelawe ʻia e nānā i ka nui politika a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka imperialism.
ʻOiai ʻo ke alanui nui e hana i ka kūʻē nui a ka poʻe nui - ka mea i ukali ʻia ma ke ala, ʻaʻole i ka papahana i kēlā me kēia - ʻo ka hui nui ma hope o nā hanana, ʻo ka Confederación de Pueblos Indígenas de Bolivia, ia ana ua kākoʻo ʻia e Wakinekona a kākoʻo ʻia aʻe e ka ʻoniʻoni ʻo Santa Cruz oligarchy.
ʻOiai he kālā kaulana ʻo USAID o ka Confederación i ka lehulehu, he nui nā ʻōhua ahonui e makemake e haʻalele iā lākou mai kā lākou hōʻike ʻana (NACLA, 8/1/13, 8/21/17, 11/20/19; Kālā, 11/3/14, 3/11/14; In These Times, 11/16/12; ʻIke Kūʻai, 11/18/19). I ka wā i ʻōlelo ʻia ai ka ʻaelike haole, ua hōʻike ʻia ia ma kahi ʻano hoʻopiʻi ʻole ʻia mai ke aupuni Morales.
Ma kahi kūlana e hōʻike nui ʻia nei, Kālā (11/3/14ka mea kikoʻī, ma waena o kāna papa hana lawehala o ka "hoʻomālamalama" MAS hana ʻino ʻia, "ka pale ʻana i ke hana kūʻokoʻa o ... ka nui o nā NGO e kōkua ana me nā ʻōpiopio TIPNIS," akā pale i kekahi mea e pili ana i ka pilina o ka poʻe haole a me ke kūloko i kēlā mau NGO.
ʻO kēia keokeo o ka hana imperialist a me ke keʻena hoʻokoe loa e ʻae iā Morales i ke ʻano ʻino i ke ʻano he "ikaika" ʻelua i hāʻawi ʻia i ka poʻe ʻilihune akā lawe ʻia mai ka kūlohelohe. "In These Times, 8/27/15).
Noho kūlike?
ʻO ka "extrivist" ke kālai ʻia nei e ka nui o nā holomua holomua e hūnā i ka hōʻino ʻia o ka MAS no ka hiki ʻole ke ola i kāna kūkākūkā sāliko.
Ke kākauʻana i loko ʻO Jacobin (1/12/14; ʻike pū kekahi 10/29/15), Jeffrey Webber i hoʻopiʻi aku i ka hoʻokele ʻana o "ka mokuahi uku", nona ka "mana" i hāʻawi ʻia e nā limima liʻiliʻi e holo ma ke koko o ka hoʻihoʻi. "Ma lalo o kēia" hoʻonāukiuki kūʻokoʻa "," ka "repressive" state "co-opts a me nā koikoi… kūʻē… a kūkulu i kahi ʻatikala ideology e pale aku i nā lehulehu. "
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa lōʻihi a Webber i ka hoʻoilina o ka aupuni MAS ʻO Boliviahoʻonohonoho neoliberalism"Ua hopohopo ʻia e nā mākaʻi, nāna wahi i ka ʻāpana ʻāina o nā papa i lalo o Morales.
Ke kāpiki nei i ka hōʻoia o ka ʻikepili a Webber, he mea kupanaha ke hoʻokaʻawale nei ʻo ia i ke ʻano āpau i ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o nā aupuni imperial o Western i ka hana hou ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike o Bolivia a me ka koi ʻana i nā mea hiki ke hewa.
Ma ke ʻano he nui e kū ana ka luna i ka mea i hōʻike ʻo MAS ma ke ʻano he nui o ke kapikala, "a kūpaʻa mau ʻia ma nā hema-hema hema a ka poʻe imperialist.
ʻO ka hopena kālaiʻāina o kēlā me ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi e hoʻopili pono ana i ka "neoliberal" MAS me kona mau hoa ʻākau hema, ʻoiai ua waiho ʻia e Webber, "ʻO Morales ua ʻoi aku ka mālama kiaʻi pō maikaʻi ma luna o nā waiwai pilikino a me nā waiwai kālā ma mua o ka pono kūpono. ua hiki no i ka manao. "
E like paha ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e nā mea heluhelu i kēia manawa ʻO Jacobin, i kū kūʻē ikaika i ka ʻatikala (eg, 11/14/19, 11/18/19, 12/3/19), ʻo ka mea i haʻaheo i kiola ʻia i ka makani ua ʻike ʻia ka hema a me ka pololei. Akā i kēia manawa, ua hana ʻia ka pōʻino.
Kekahi mau aupuni anti-imperialist
No nā ʻōlelo āpau o kēia manawa a leftist resurgence i ka Global North, he paradox kēia i nā nā anti-imperialist e nawaliwali loa i kēia manawa ma mua o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe i ke Iraq War 15 mau makahiki i hala.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ka haʻalele ʻole ʻana o ke kūʻē kūʻē i ke koa kaiāulu i waena o West, mai Libya a Suria a hiki i Haiti a me Honduras, ua hākaʻi i ke ala no ka ʻikepili i Bolivia a me ka hoʻomakeʻe kūʻē ʻana ma Venezuela.
Pēlā ka mea e kōkua ʻole ai ka holomua o ka pāpā ʻana o ka komohana o nā aupuni Morales a me kona mau hoa waiho hema hema ma ia ʻāina. He mea haunaele kēia kūlike o ka hoʻoponopono, i hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Morales e hōʻike i ke kūʻē i ka honua ka loli a no ka Hoʻokuʻu Palestine.
ʻAʻole kekahi o kēia mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i nā ʻōlelo hoʻāhewa a Morales a me ka MAS. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma ke ʻano o nā wahi e like me Bolivia a me Venezuela, ʻo ka hana o ka pāpā hema hema ke hana koʻikoʻi, ʻōmole kūpono hōʻike o nā mokuʻāina a me nā neʻe kaulana e kūʻē i ka anti-imperialist ma o nā ʻikepili a me nā ʻano. ʻO ia, ʻo nā kuee i pili i ke kaʻina politika (e like me ke ʻano, ʻo ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa TIPNIS) e pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana imperial o nā kaila kapitalist. Eia nō kekahi, ʻo nā wahi holomua o Northern e pili ana i ka nui o kā lākou ʻōlelo ʻana i ka moku'āina a me ke kaʻina hana politika.
ʻO nā kūlana paʻa i hāpai ʻia e ʻO Jeremy Corbyn a ʻO Bernie Sanders e kū'ē i ka coup ma Bolivia he hōʻailona nui ka manaʻo i ka alo o ka politika. ʻO ka hana o ka pāpā holomua ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i nā nūpepa ʻano ʻē aʻe i hoʻolaʻa maoli i ka pale kūʻē ʻana i ka emepera.
