Mai Mosul a Raqqa a Mariupol, ʻO ka pepehi kanaka he hewa

Na Medea Benjamin lāua ʻo Nicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War,ʻApelila 12, 2022

Ua hoʻopūʻiwa ʻia ka poʻe ʻAmelika i ka make a me ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Rūsia iā Ukraine, e hoʻopiha ana i kā mākou mau pale me nā hale pahū a me nā kino make e waiho ana ma ke alanui. Akā ua kaua ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me kāna mau hoa pili i kēlā me kēia ʻāina no nā makahiki he mau makahiki, e kālai ana i nā ʻāpana o ka luku ma nā kūlanakauhale, nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale ma kahi ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka hōʻino ʻana iā Ukraine. 

E like me kā mākou i hala iho nei hoike, Ua hāʻule ka US a me kona mau hoa kōkua ma luna o 337,000 mau pōkā a me nā missiles, a i ʻole 46 i kēlā me kēia lā, ma ʻeiwa mau ʻāina mai 2001 wale nō. Ua haʻi aku nā luna o ka US Defense Intelligence Agency Newsweek i ka mau lā mua 24 ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka luku ʻana o Russia ma Ukraine ma mua o ka lā mua o ka pana ʻana o ʻAmelika i Iraq ma 2003.

ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua alakaʻi US e kūʻē iā ISIS ma Iraq a me Suria ua hoʻopololei i kēlā mau ʻāina me nā pōkā 120,000 a me nā missiles, ʻo ia ka pōʻino nui loa ma nā wahi āpau o nā makahiki. Nā luna koa US Ua haʻi aku ʻo Amnesty International ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ʻAmelika iā Raqqa ma Suria ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻouka kaua nui loa mai ke Kaua Vietnam. 

ʻO Mosul ma Iraq ke kūlanakauhale nui loa o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me kona mau hoa hoʻemi ʻia i ʻōpala i kēlā hoʻolaha, me ka heluna kanaka mua o ka hoʻouka kaua o 1.5 miliona. About Nā hale 138,000 ua pōʻino a luku ʻia paha e ka pahū a me nā pū, a ua helu ʻia kahi hōʻike naʻauao Kurdish Iraqi 40,000 poʻe kama'āina pepehi ʻia.

ʻO Raqqa, nona ka heluna kanaka he 300,000 gutted hou aku. A Misiona loiloi UN ua hōʻike ʻia he 70-80% o nā hale i luku ʻia a pōʻino paha. ʻO nā pūʻali koa Suria a me Kurdish ma Raqqa hoike helu ʻia 4,118 mau kino kīwila. ʻAʻole i helu ʻia ka nui o nā make ma ka ʻōpala o Mosul a me Raqqa. Me ka ʻole o nā noiʻi make ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka hapa o ka make maoli o kēia mau helu.

Ua hoʻohiki ka Pentagon e nānā i kāna mau kulekele e pili ana i nā poʻe kīwila ma hope o kēia mau pepehi kanaka, a ua kauoha i ka Rand Corporation e alakaʻi. he aʻo i kapa ʻia, "Understanding Civilian Harm in Raqqa and Its Implications For Future Conflicts," i hoʻolaha ʻia i kēia manawa. 

ʻOiai ke hoʻi nei ka honua mai ka hana ʻino weliweli ma Ukraine, ʻo ke kumu o ke aʻo ʻana ʻo Rand Corp e hoʻomau ka pūʻali koa US i nā kaua e pili ana i ka pōʻino o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā wahi lehulehu, a no laila pono lākou e hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaopopo pehea e hiki ai iā lākou ke hana. no laila me ka pepehi ʻole ʻana i nā makaʻāinana he nui loa.

Ke holo nei ka noiʻi ma luna o 100 ʻaoʻao, akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili i ka pilikia koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia ka hopena weliweli a me ka make o ke kī ʻana i nā mea pahū i nā wahi kūlanakauhale e like me Mosul ma Iraq, Raqqa ma Suria, Mariupol ma Ukraine, Sanaa ma Yemen a o Gaza ma Palesetine.  

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā "mea kaua pololei" i hōʻike ʻole i ka pale ʻana i kēia mau pepehi kanaka. Ua wehe ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kāna mau "pōkole akamai" hou i ka wā o ke Kaua Kaiwa Mua ma 1990-1991. Akā, ua komo lākou wale no 7% ʻO ka 88,000 tons o nā pōkā i hāʻule i luna o Iraq, e hōʻemi ana i "kahi hui kaiaulu a me ka mīkini" i "kahi lāhui ma mua o ka ʻoihana" e like me kahi ʻImi UN. 

Ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻikepili maoli e pili ana i ka pololei o kēia mau mea kaua, ua mālama ka Pentagon i kahi hoʻolaha hoʻolaha hoʻolaha e haʻi i ka manaʻo he 100% pololei lākou a hiki ke hahau i kahi pahuhopu e like me kahi hale a hale hale paha me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana i nā makaʻāinana a puni. 

Eia naʻe, i ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ʻAmelika iā Iraq i ka makahiki 2003, ua manaʻo ʻo Rob Hewson, ka mea hoʻoponopono o kahi nūpepa kalepa lima e nānā ana i ka hana o nā mea kaua i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka ea. 20 a 25% ʻO nā mea kaua "precision" US i hala i kā lākou mau pahuhopu. 

ʻOiai ke pā lākou i kā lākou pahu hopu, ʻaʻole hana kēia mau mea kaua e like me nā mea kaua ākea i kahi pāʻani wikiō. ʻO nā pōkā maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka US arsenal 500 lb mau pōkā, me ka uku pahū o 89 kilo o Tritonal. Wahi a ʻikepili palekana UN, ʻO ka pahū wale nō mai kēlā hoʻouka pahū he 100% make a hiki i ka radius o 10 mika, a e wāwahi i kēlā me kēia puka makani i loko o 100 mika. 

ʻO ia wale nō ka hopena pahū. ʻO nā make a me nā ʻeha weliweli ke kumu hoʻi i ka hiolo ʻana o nā hale a me nā shrapnel lele a me nā ʻōpala - kaʻa, metala, aniani, lāʻau etc. 

Manaʻo ʻia ka paʻi pololei inā pae ia i loko o ka "circular error probable," maʻamau 10 mika a puni ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. No laila ma ke kaona, inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka "circular error probable," ʻo ka radius blast, nā ʻōpala lele a me nā hale hiolo, ʻo kahi hahau i manaʻo ʻia he "pololei" hiki ke pepehi a hōʻeha i nā makaʻāinana. 

Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​luna o ʻAmelika i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia pepehi kanaka "ʻike ʻole" a me ka "makemake" i nā makaʻāinana e nā mea hoʻoweliweli. Akā ʻo ka mea kākau moʻolelo hope ʻo Howard Zinn i hoʻokūkū i kēia ʻokoʻa he leka i ka New York Times i ka makahiki 2007. Ua kākau ʻo ia,

"He alakaʻi hewa kēia mau ʻōlelo no ka mea ke manaʻo nei lākou he 'kumuhana' a i ʻole 'manaʻo ʻole.' Aia kekahi mea ma waena, no ka mea ʻo ia ka huaʻōlelo 'hiki ʻole.' Ināʻoe e komo i kahi hana, e like me ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i ka lewa, kahi hikiʻole iāʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā mea hakakā a me nā maka'āinana (ma keʻano he mea hoʻokūkū kaua Air Force mua, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo wau i kēlā), he mea hikiʻole ka make o nā maka'āinana,ʻoiai ināʻaʻole 'manaʻo.' 

ʻO kēlā ʻokoʻa e hoʻokuʻu iā ʻoe i ka pono? ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli o ka mea hoʻomake pepehi kanaka a me ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka lewa ua like maoli nō ia me ka pono. ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe (e like me kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao) ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi kūlana maikaʻi ma mua o kekahi, a pēlā e hoʻomau ai i nā mea weliweli o ko mākou manawa.

Ua weliweli maoli ka poʻe ʻAmelika i ko lākou ʻike ʻana i nā poʻe kīwila i pepehi ʻia e ka pōʻino Lūkini ma Ukraine, akā ʻaʻole lākou i weliweli loa, a ʻoi aku ka manaʻo o ka ʻae ʻana i nā manaʻo kūpono, ke lohe lākou ua pepehi ʻia nā kānaka kīwila e nā pūʻali koa US a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea kaua ʻAmelika ma Iraq, Suria, ʻO Yemen a i ʻole Gaza. ʻO ka pāpaʻi pāʻoihana o ke Komohana he kuleana nui i kēia, ma ka hōʻike ʻana iā mākou i nā kupapaʻu ma Ukraine a me nā uē o kā lākou poʻe aloha, akā pale iā mākou mai nā kiʻi like ʻole o ka poʻe i pepehi ʻia e ka US a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūʻali koa.

ʻOiai ke koi nei nā alakaʻi o ke Komohana e hoʻopaʻi ʻia ʻo Rūsia no nā hewa kaua, ʻaʻole lākou i hāpai i kēlā ʻano leo e hoʻopiʻi i nā luna o ʻAmelika. Eia naʻe i ka wā o ka pūʻali koa US i Iraq, ʻo ke Komite International o ke Keʻa ʻulaʻula (ICRC) a me ka Misiona Kokua UN i Iraq (UNAMI) i kākau i nā hana hoʻomau a me nā ʻōnaehana hana ʻino i nā Geneva Convention e nā pūʻali US, me ka 1949 Fourth Geneva Convention e pale ana i nā makaʻāinana mai ka hopena o ke kaua a me ka noho pūʻali koa.

Ke Kōmike Kālā o ke Keʻa Ula (ICRC) a me ka nā pūʻulu kuleana kanaka ua kākau i ka hana hoʻomāinoino a me ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana i nā paʻahao ma Iraq a me Afghanistan, me nā hihia i hoʻomāinoino ʻia e nā pūʻali koa US i nā pio a make. 

ʻOiai ua ʻae ʻia ka hoʻomāinoino e nā luna o ʻAmelika a hiki i ka Hale Kūleʻele, ʻaʻohe luna ma luna o ke kūlana koʻikoʻi i hoʻopaʻi ʻia no ka make hoʻomāinoino ma Afghanistan a me Iraq. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi i hāʻawi ʻia no ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana i kahi paʻahao a make, ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻi paʻahao ʻelima mahina, ʻoiai he hewa nui ia ma lalo o ka US. Kanawai Karaima Kaua.  

Ma ka 2007 hōʻike pono kanaka ʻO ka mea i wehewehe i ka pepehi kanaka nui ʻana e nā pūʻali koa US, ua kākau ʻo UNAMI, "Ke koi nei ke kānāwai kanaka kanaka maʻamau e like me ka hiki, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokomo ʻia nā pahuhopu koa i loko o nā wahi i paʻa i nā kānaka kīwila. ʻO ka hele ʻana o kēlā me kēia hakakā ma waena o ka nui o nā makaʻāinana ʻaʻole ia e hoʻololi i ke ʻano kīwila o kahi wahi. 

Ua koi ʻia ka hōʻike "e noiʻi ʻia nā ʻōlelo hoʻopiʻi a pau e pili ana i ka pepehi kanaka kūʻē i ke kānāwai, a me ka hana kūpono e kūʻē i nā pūʻali koa i ʻike ʻia ua hoʻohana i ka ikaika a i ʻole ka manaʻo ʻole."

Ma kahi o ka noiʻi ʻana, ua uhi ikaika ʻo US i kāna mau hewa kaua. He pōʻino Eia ʻO ka pepehi kanaka 2019 ma ke kūlanakauhale o Suria o Baghuz, kahi i hoʻokuʻu ai kahi pūʻali koa US kūikawā i nā pōkā nui ma luna o kahi pūʻulu o nā wahine a me nā keiki, make ma kahi o 70. e uhi ia mea. Ma hope wale nō o a New York Times nā hōʻikeʻikeé he mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua ʻae aku ka pūʻali koa ua hana ʻia ka hahau.  

No laila, he mea hoʻohenehene ka lohe ʻana i ke kāhea ʻana o Pelekikena Biden iā Pelekikena Putin e kū i kahi hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolokolo kaua, i ka wā i uhi ai ʻo ʻAmelika i kāna mau hewa ponoʻī, ʻaʻole i mālama i kāna mau luna kiʻekiʻe i kuleana no nā hewa kaua a ke hōʻole nei i ka mana o ka International Criminal Court. (ICC). I ka makahiki 2020, ua hele nui ʻo Donald Trump e hoʻokau i nā hoʻopaʻi US ma luna o nā luna hoʻopiʻi ICC kiʻekiʻe loa no ka noiʻi ʻana i nā hewa kaua US ma Afghanistan.

Ua ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ka noiʻi ʻo Rand i ka pūʻali koa US i "hoʻokō hohonu i ke kānāwai o ke kaua." Akā,ʻo ka lukuʻiaʻana o Mosul, Raqqa a me nā kūlanakauhale'ē aʻe a me ka moʻolelo o ka US hoʻowahāwahā i ka UN Charter, nā Geneva Conventions a me nā 'aha hoʻokolokolo honua e haʻi i kahi moʻolelo'ē aʻe.

Ua ʻae mākou i ka manaʻo o ka hōʻike Rand, "ʻO ke aʻo ʻana o ke kula nāwaliwali o DoD no nā pilikia kīwila, ʻo ia ka mea i mālama ʻole ʻia nā haʻawina i hala, e hoʻonui ana i nā pilikia i nā makaʻāinana ma Raqqa." Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻopiʻi nei mākou i ka hiki ʻole o ka noiʻi ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana i ka nui o nā kūʻē ʻē aʻe i kākau ʻia he hopena ia o ke ʻano hewa nui o kēia hana holoʻokoʻa, ma lalo o ka ʻEhā Geneva Convention a me nā kānāwai o ke kaua. 

Ke hōʻole nei mākou i ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa o kēia noiʻi, e hoʻomau nā pūʻali koa US i ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā pōkā kūlanakauhale e make mau tausani o nā kānaka kīwila, a no laila pono lākou e aʻo mai kēia ʻike i hiki ai iā lākou ke pepehi a hōʻeha i nā makaʻāinana liʻiliʻi i ka wā e luku ai lākou i ke kūlanakauhale e like me Raqqa. a i ʻole ʻo Mosul.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻino ma hope o kēia mau pepehi kanaka US ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻi ʻole ʻana o ka pūʻali koa US a me nā luna kīwila i hauʻoli ai no nā hewa kaua i hala aku nei i paipai iā lākou e manaʻoʻiʻo hiki iā lākou ke holo aku me nā kūlanakauhale pana i Iraq a me Suria i ka ʻōpala, me ka make ʻole o nā ʻumi tausani o nā makaʻāinana. 

Ua hōʻoia ʻia lākou i kēia manawa he pololei, akā ʻo ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana o ʻAmelika i ke kānāwai o ka honua a me ka hiki ʻole o ke kaiāulu o ke ao holoʻokoʻa e hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hoʻopau i ke "kauoha pili kānāwai" o ke kānāwai o ka honua i ʻōlelo ʻia e nā alakaʻi o ʻAmelika a me ke Komohana. 

Ke kāhea wikiwiki nei mākou no ka pau ʻana o ke ahi, no ka maluhia a me ke kuleana no nā hewa kaua ma Ukraine, pono mākou e ʻōlelo "ʻAʻole hou!" i ka pōʻino o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā wahi kīwila, inā paha lākou ma Suria, Ukraine, Yemen, Iran a i ʻole ma kahi ʻē aʻe, a inā ʻo Rūsia ka mea hoʻoweliweli, ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Israel a me Saudi Arabia.

A ʻaʻole pono mākou e poina ʻo ke kaua kaua kiʻekiʻe ʻo ke kaua ponoʻī, ʻo ka hewa o ka huhū, no ka mea, e like me ka ʻōlelo a nā luna kānāwai ma Nuremberg, "loaʻa i loko ona ka hewa i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia o ka mea āpau." He mea maʻalahi ka kuhikuhi ʻana i nā manamana lima i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻōki i ke kaua a hiki i ko mākou hoʻoikaika ʻana i ko mākou mau alakaʻi ponoʻī e ola e like me ke kumu. pela aku e ka Lunakanawai Hookolokolo Kiekie a me ka loio o Nuremberg Robert Jackson:

"Inā he mau hewa kekahi mau hana kuʻikahi, he mau hewa ia inā hana ʻo ʻAmelika iā lākou a inā paha e hana ʻo Kelemania iā lākou, a ʻaʻole mākou i mākaukau e waiho i ke kānāwai o ka hana karaima e kūʻē i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a mākou e makemake ʻole e noi aku. kūʻē iā mākou.

ʻO Medea Benjamin ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu ʻO CODEPINK no ka maluhia, a me nā mea kākau o kekahi mau puke, e komo pū ai I loko o Iran:ʻO ka moʻoleloʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka politika o ka moku'Alapila o Iran. 

He kanaka hana kūlohelohe ʻo Nicolas JS Davies, he mea noiʻi me CODEPINK a ʻo ka mea nāna i kākau ʻO ke koko ma ko mākou mau lima: Ke komohewa aku nei ʻo ʻAmelika a me ka luku ʻana iā Iraq.