Ua haʻalele ka NATO o Finland i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e lawe i ka "Helsinki Spirit"

Loaʻa ka Pelekikena Finnish i ka Nobel Peace Prize ma 2008. Photo Credit: Nobel Prize

Na Medea Benjamin lāua ʻo Nicolas JS Davies, World BEYOND War,ʻApelila 11, 2023

Ma ʻApelila 4, 2023, lilo ʻo Finland i lālā 31st o ka hui pūʻali koa NATO. ʻO ka palena 830-mile ma waena o Finland a me Rūsia ʻo ia ka palena lōʻihi loa ma waena o kekahi ʻāina NATO a me Rūsia, a i ʻole. palena ʻO Norewai wale nō, Latvia, Estonia, a me nā wahi pōkole o nā palena Polani a me Lithuania kahi i hoʻopuni ai iā Kaliningrad.

I loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ke kaua anuanu ma waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, NATO a me Rūsia, ʻo kekahi o kēia mau palena he wahi uila weliweli e hiki ke hoʻoulu i kahi pilikia hou, a i ʻole ke kaua honua. Akā ʻo kahi ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi me ka palena Finnish ʻo ia ke hele mai ma kahi o 100 mau mile mai Severomorsk, kahi o Rūsia. ʻAuwaʻa ʻĀkau a he 13 o kona 23 mau submarine nukelea. ʻO kēia paha kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke Kaua Honua III, inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka i Ukraine.

I ʻEulopa i kēia lā, ʻo Switzerland wale nō, ʻAsuria, ʻIlelani a me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi e noho ma waho o NATO. No 75 mau makahiki, he kumu hoʻohālike ʻo Finland i ka kūleʻa kūleʻa, akā mamao loa ia mai ka demilitarized. E like me Switzerland, he nui kona koa, a ua koi ʻia nā ʻōpio Finns e hana ma kahi o ʻeono mahina o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa koa ma hope o ka piha ʻana o 18. ʻO kāna mau pūʻali koa ikaika a mālama ʻia ma luna o 4% o ka heluna - hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 0.6% wale nō ma US - a ʻōlelo ʻo 83% o Finns. e komo pū lākou i ke kūʻē kaua inā e hoʻouka ʻia ʻo Finland.

ʻO 20 a 30% wale nō o Finns i kākoʻo i ka hui ʻana i ka NATO, ʻoiai ka hapa nui i kākoʻo mau a haʻaheo i kāna kulekele kūʻokoʻa. I ka hopena o 2021, he Finnish balota manaʻo ana i ke kākoʻo kaulana no ka lālā NATO ma 26%. Akā ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Lūkini iā ​​Ukraine i Pepeluali 2022, ʻo ia ua lele i 60% i loko o nā pule a, ma Nowemapa 2022, 78% o Finns i ʻōlelo lākou kākoʻo hui pū me NATO.

E like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me nā ʻāina NATO ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā alakaʻi kālai'āina o Finland ma mua o ka lehulehu. ʻOiai ke kākoʻo lōʻihi o ka lehulehu no ka neutrality, ua komo ʻo Finland i ka Partnership for Peace o NATO polokalamu i 1997. Ua hoʻouna kona aupuni i nā pūʻali koa 200 i Afghanistan ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka UN-ʻae ʻia ʻo International Security Assistance Force ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o US i ka makahiki 2001, a noho lākou ma laila ma hope o ka lawe ʻana o NATO i ke alakaʻi o kēia pūʻali ma 2003. ʻAʻole i haʻalele nā ​​pūʻali Finnish iā Afghanistan a hiki i ke komohana āpau. Ua haʻalele nā ​​pūʻali koa i ka makahiki 2021, ma hope o ka nui o 2,500 mau pūʻali Finnish a me 140 mau luna kīwila i hoʻonoho ʻia ma laila, a ʻelua mau Finns pepehi.

ʻO Kekemapa 2022 manual ʻO ka hana a Finland ma Afghanistan e ka Finnish Institute of International Affairs ua ʻike ʻo ka pūʻali Finnish "ua komo pinepine i ke kaua ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka hana kaua i alakaʻi ʻia e NATO a lilo i hui i ka hakakā," a ʻo ka pahuhopu i hoʻolaha ʻia e Finland, ʻo ia ka "hoʻokūpaʻa a kākoʻo iā Afghanistan e hoʻonui i ka maluhia a me ka palekana o ka honua" i koʻikoʻi ʻia e "kona makemake e hoʻomau a hoʻoikaika i kāna pilina pili aupuni a me ka palekana me ka US a me nā hoa pili honua ʻē aʻe, a me kāna hoʻoikaika ʻana e hoʻonui i kāna hui pū ʻana me NATO. .”

I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, e like me nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o NATO, ʻaʻole hiki iā Finland, i waena o ke kaua piʻi ʻana, ke kākoʻo i kāna mau mea nui a me nā waiwai ponoʻī, a ua ʻae ʻo ia i kona makemake e "hohonu i kāna hui ʻana" me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me NATO. e ho'āʻo e kōkua i ka poʻe o Afghanistan e hoʻihoʻi i ka maluhia a me ke kūpaʻa. Ma muli o kēia mau mea huikau a paio, ua huki ʻia nā pūʻali Finnish i ke ʻano o ka piʻi ʻana o ka reflexive a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikaika luku nui i hōʻike ʻia i nā hana pūʻali koa US i kāna mau kaua āpau.

Ma ke ʻano he lālā liʻiliʻi hou o NATO, e like me ka nawaliwali o Finland e like me ia ma Afghanistan e hoʻopilikia i ka manawa o ka piʻi ʻana o ka mīkini kaua NATO me Russia. E ʻike ʻo Finland i kāna koho pōʻino e haʻalele i kahi kulekele kūʻokoʻa i lawe mai iā ia i 75 mau makahiki o ka maluhia a nānā iā NATO no ka pale ʻana e haʻalele iā ia, e like me Ukraine, i hōʻike weliweli ʻia ma nā laina mua o ke kaua i kuhikuhi ʻia mai Moscow, Wakinekona a me Brussels. ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke lanakila, ʻaʻole hoʻoholo kūʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole hoʻi e pale i ka piʻi ʻana i ke Kaua Honua III.

ʻO ka kūleʻa o Finland ma ke ʻano he ʻāina kūʻokoʻa a me ka liberal democratic i ka wā a mai ka wā o ke Kaua Cold ua hoʻokumu i kahi moʻomeheu kaulana kahi i hilinaʻi nui ai ka lehulehu i ko lākou mau alakaʻi a me nā ʻelele ma mua o ka poʻe ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina Komohana, a ʻaʻole hiki ke nīnau i ka naʻauao o kā lākou mau hoʻoholo. No laila, ʻo ka lōkahi kokoke o ka papa kālai'āina e hui pū me NATO ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Rūkia ma Ukraine i kūʻē i nā kūʻē lehulehu. I Mei 2022, ka pāremata o Finland ua'āponoʻia e hui pū ana me NATO ma ka nui o 188 mau balota i ʻewalu.

Akā, no ke aha i makemake nui ai nā alakaʻi kālai'āina o Finland e "hoʻoikaika i kāna pilina pili aupuni a me ka palekana me ka US a me nā hoa pili honua ʻē aʻe," e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka Finland ma Afghanistan? Ma keʻano he aupuni kūʻokoʻa, kūʻokoʻa, akā ikaika i ka pūʻali koa, ua hoʻokō ʻo Finland i ka pahuhopu NATO e hoʻolilo i ka 2% o kāna GDP ma ka pūʻali koa. He ʻoihana mea kaua koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ia, nāna i kūkulu i kona mau moku kaua ponoʻī, nā pū, nā pu raifela a me nā mea kaua ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka lālā o NATO e hoʻohui i ka ʻoihana lima lima o Finland i loko o ka mākeke lima waiwai o NATO, e hoʻonui ana i ke kūʻai ʻana aku i nā mea kaua Finnish, ʻoiai e hāʻawi ana i kahi pōʻaiapili e kūʻai hou aku i nā mea kaua hou loa o ka US a me nā mea kaua i hui pū ʻia no kāna pūʻali koa ponoʻī a e hana pū i nā papahana mea kaua me nā ʻoihana ma NATO nui. ʻāina. Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pūʻali koa NATO, a e hoʻomau mau ana paha, ʻike maopopo ke aupuni o Finland i nā koi mai ka ʻoihana mea kaua a me nā pono ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole makemake e haʻalele ʻia kāna pūʻali koa-ʻoihana liʻiliʻi.

Mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana i ke komo ʻana o NATO, ua loaʻa iā Finland hana He $10 biliona e kūʻai aku i nā mea kaua F-35 ʻAmelika e pani i kāna mau pūʻali F-18 ʻekolu. Ke lawe nei ia i nā noi no nā ʻōnaehana pale kaua hou, a ua hōʻike ʻia e hoʻāʻo nei e koho ma waena o ka ʻĀina-Israeli Barak 8 surface-to-air missile system a me ka US-Israeli David's Sling system, i kūkulu ʻia e ka ʻIseraʻela Raphael a me ka US Raytheon.

Ua pāpā ke kānāwai Finnish i ka ʻāina mai ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kaua nuklea a i ʻole e ʻae iā lākou i loko o ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole like me nā ʻāina ʻelima NATO e mālama nei. nā lāʻau waihoola ʻO nā mea kaua nuklea US ma ko lākou ʻāina - Kelemānia, Italia, Belgium, Holland a me Turkey. Akā ua hāʻawi ʻo Finland i kāna mau palapala komo NATO me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻana a Denmark a me Norewai i koi ai e ʻae iā lākou e pāpā i nā mea kaua nuklea. Haʻalele kēia i ke kūlana nuklea o Finland kānalua, me ka Peresidena Sauli Niinistö 'ōlelo "ʻAʻohe manaʻo o Finland e lawe mai i nā mea kaua nuklea ma ko mākou ʻāina."

ʻO ka nele o ke kūkākūkā e pili ana i nā hopena o Finland e hui pū ana i kahi hui pūʻali koa nuklea he pilikia, a ua hoʻoiho i ke kaʻina hana komo wikiwiki loa i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ke kaua ma Ukraine, a me ka moʻomeheu Finland o ka hilinaʻi nui ʻole i kona aupuni aupuni.

ʻO ka mea minamina loa, ʻo ka lilo ʻana o Finland i loko o ka NATO e hōʻailona ana i ka pau ʻana o ka moʻomeheu hanohano o ka lāhui ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomalu maluhia honua. ʻO ka Pelekikena Finelani mua ʻo Urho Kekkonen, an hale hoʻolālā ʻO ke kulekele o ka hui pū ʻana me ka Soviet Union a me ka mea lanakila o ka maluhia honua, ua kōkua i ka hana ʻana i ka Helsinki Accords, kahi ʻaelike mōʻaukala i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma 1975 e ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Soviet Union, Kanada a me kēlā me kēia lāhui ʻEulopa (koe wale ʻo Albania) e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka detente. ma waena o ka Soviet Union a me ke Komohana.

Ua hoʻomau ka Pelekikena Finnish Martti Ahtisaari i ka moʻomeheu hoʻomalu maluhia a ʻo ia i hookoia ʻO ka Nobel Peace Prize ma 2008 no kāna mau hana koʻikoʻi e hoʻoholo i nā hakakā honua mai Namibia a Aceh i Indonesia a Kosovo (i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e NATO).

Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana i ka UN i Kepakemapa 2021, ua manaʻo nui ka Pelekikena Finnish Sauli Niinistö e hahai i kēia hoʻoilina. "ʻO ka makemake o nā ʻenemi a me nā mea hoʻokūkū e komo i ke kamaʻilio, e kūkulu i ka hilinaʻi, a e ʻimi i nā mea like - ʻo ia ke kumu o ka ʻUhane Helsinki. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka ʻuhane i makemake nui ʻia e ka honua holoʻokoʻa, a me nā United Nations, "ʻo ia. mai la. "Ua maopopo iaʻu ʻo ka nui aʻe o kā mākou kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka ʻUhane Helsinki, ʻoi aku ka kokoke o mākou e hoʻāla hou iā ia - a e hoʻokō ʻia."

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana o Rūsia e hoʻouka iā Ukraine ka mea i hoʻokuke iā Finland e haʻalele i ka "Helsinki Spirit" no ke komo ʻana i NATO. Akā inā ua kūʻē ʻo Finland i nā koʻikoʻi e holo wikiwiki i ka lālā o NATO, hiki iā ia ke komo i kēia manawa "Hui Maluhia” i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Pelekikena Brazil ʻo Lula e hoʻōla i nā kūkākūkā e hoʻopau i ke kaua ma Ukraine. Minamina no Finland a me ka honua, me he mea lā e neʻe aku ka ʻUhane Helsinki i mua–me ka ʻole o Helsinki.

ʻO Medea Benjamin lāua ʻo Nicolas JS Davies nā mea kākau o Ke Kaua ma Ukraine: Ke Manaʻo ʻana i kahi Kūʻē Kūʻē, i paʻi ʻia e OR Books i Nowemapa 2022.

ʻO Medea Benjamin ka puʻukū o ʻO CODEPINK no ka maluhia, a me ka mea kākau o kekahi mau puke, e komo pū ai I loko o Iran:ʻO ka moʻoleloʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka politika o ka moku'Alapila o Iran.

He kanaka hana kūlohelohe ʻo Nicolas JS Davies, he mea noiʻi me CODEPINK a ʻo ka mea nāna i kākau ʻO ke koko ma ko mākou mau lima: Ke komohewa aku nei ʻo ʻAmelika a me ka luku ʻana iā Iraq.