Na Alex Edney-Browne, Lisa Ling, Los Angeles Times, Lulai 16, 2017.
Ua haʻalele nā mea hoʻokele drone i ka US Air Force ma helu helu i nā makahiki i hala iho nei - ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka hiki ke koho a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā mea hou. Hōʻike lākou i kahi hui o ke kūlana haʻahaʻa i ka pūʻali koa, ka hana nui a me ka trauma psychological.
Akā ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia kahi memoir hou e pili ana i ke kaua drone huna o ʻAmelika i ka "hoʻonui ʻana i waho," e like me kekahi. memo o loko o ka Air Force kahea ia. "Drone Warrior: An Elite Soldier's Inside Account of the Hunt for America's Most Dangerous Enemies" e moʻolelo ana i ka aneane 10 makahiki a Brett Velicovich, he lālā hana kūikawā kahiko, i hoʻohana ai i nā drones e kōkua i nā pūʻali kūikawā e ʻimi a hahai i nā mea hoʻoweliweli. ʻO ka maʻalahi, ke kūʻai aku nei i kahi papahana e hakakā nei ka Air Force e hoʻopiha piha.
Ua kākau ʻo Velicovich i ka memo - e pili ana i kona manawa "ʻimi a nānā i nā cesspools o ka Middle East" - e hōʻike i ke ʻano o nā drones "hoʻōla i nā ola a hoʻoikaika i ke kanaka, kūʻē i ka nui o ka moʻolelo hoʻomau e hoʻolei iā lākou i kahi kukui maikaʻi ʻole." Akā, ʻo ka puke, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, he moʻolelo o ka hyper-masculine bravado a, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa, kahi ʻāpana o ka hoʻolaha pūʻali koa i hoʻolālā ʻia e hōʻoluʻolu i nā kānalua e pili ana i ka papahana drone a hoʻonui i ka recruitment.
ʻO Velicovich a me ka mea kākau pū o ka puke, ʻo Christopher S. Stewart, ka mea kākau moʻolelo no ka Wall Street Journal, e hoʻoikaika i ka moʻolelo ʻo nā drones nā mīkini omniscience a me ka pololei. Hoʻonui ʻo Velicovich i ka pololei o ka ʻenehana, me ka mālama ʻole i ka haʻi ʻana i ka manawa pinepine ʻole a i ʻole kēlā. ia mau hemahema ua pepehi i ka heluna nui ole o na makaainana. No ka laʻana, make ka CIA 76 keiki a 29 makua i kona hoao ana e lawe aku ia Ayman al Zawahiri, ke alakai o ʻO Al Qaeda, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ola ana.
Akā naʻe, "ʻAʻohe oʻu kānalua e hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i kekahi ma ka honua," kākau ʻo Velicovich, "no ka mea huna ʻole lākou." E nīnau paha kekahi iā Velicovich e wehewehe i ka make o Warren Weinstein, he kupa Amerika, a Giovanni Lo Porto, he kamaaina Italia - nā limahana kōkua ʻelua i pepehi ʻia e kahi pahu drone ʻAmelika e hoʻopiʻi ana i nā lālā Al Qaeda ma Pakistan.
"Ua manaʻo mākou he pūhui Al Qaeda kēia," i hoʻolaha ai ʻo Pelekikena Obama i ʻekolu mahina ma hope o ka hahau ʻana, "ʻaʻohe kanaka kīwila i hele mai." ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua uka ka Air Force haneli mau hola o ka nānā drone o ka hale. Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā kiʻi kiʻi wela, i manaʻo ʻia e ʻike i ke alo o ke kanaka ma o ka wela o kona kino ke keʻakeʻa ʻia ka laina o ka ʻike. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻike ka mākaʻikaʻi i ʻelua mau kino hou - ʻo Weinstein lāua ʻo La Porto - ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka hale lalo.
ʻAʻole paha i ʻike ʻia nā limahana kōkua no ka mea, e like me ka hōʻike e hiki mai ana e pili ana i nā palena o ka ʻenehana drone i kākau pū ʻia e Pratap Chatterjee, ʻO ka luna hoʻokele o ka hui kiaʻi ʻo CorpWatch, a me Christian Stork, nā kiʻi kiʻi wela "ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ma waena o nā kumulāʻau a me kahi pākeʻe hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi e hoʻopau ai i ka wela o ke kino e hiki ke hoʻolei aku iā lākou," ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke "ʻike i loko o nā basements a i ʻole nā bunkers lalo. .”
ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka insidious ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka memoir e hoʻopili i ka ʻeha o ka naʻau o nā mea hana drone a me nā mea noiʻi naʻauao a hoʻololi iā ia i moʻolelo o ka wiwo ʻole a me ka stoicism. "Ua hakakā au e wehe i koʻu mau maka," kākau ʻo Velicovich no ka hana ʻana i ka wā hiamoe. "ʻO kēlā me kēia hola i hoʻopau ʻia he hola ʻē aʻe ka ʻenemi e hoʻolālā ai, he hola ʻē aʻe e pepehi ai."
E hoʻohālikelike i kēlā kiʻi me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e like me ka wehewehe ʻana e Col. Jason Brown, ka luna o ka 480th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing. "Ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kā mākou manaʻo pepehi kanaka a me ka suicidal ma mua o ka awelika Air Force," ʻo Brown haʻi akulaʻo ia i ka Post Washington ma mua o kēia mahina, e wehewehe ana i ke kumu i hoʻokomo ʻia ai nā psychiatrist manawa piha a me nā mea aʻoaʻo olakino noʻonoʻo i ka papahana drone. "Ua ʻoi aku ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka poʻe i hoʻonohonoho." Ua hāʻule ka nui o ka pepehi kanaka ma muli o nā hui olakino noʻonoʻo, wahi a Brown. ʻAʻole i loli ka hana ponoʻī.
Nā kuleana kiʻiʻoniʻoni iā "Drone Warrior" ua kūʻai ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki aku nei, me ka mahalo nui ʻia e Paramount Pictures. (Ua koho pū ka studio i nā kuleana ola i ka moʻolelo o Velicovich.) Ma ka ʻāpana hoʻomaikaʻi o ka memoir, ʻōlelo ʻo Velicovich e alakaʻi ʻia ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hiki mai ana. ʻO Michael Bay, ka mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma hope o "Transformers," "Pearl Harbor" a me "Armageddon."
Hiki ke wānana kēia hoʻomohala ʻana. ʻO ka koa US a me Hollywood ua hauʻoli lōʻihi i kahi pilina symbiotic. Loaʻa pinepine nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni i nā wahi, nā limahana, nā ʻike a me nā mea hana e hāʻawi i kā lākou huahana "ʻoiaʻiʻo." I ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, loaʻa pinepine ka pūʻali koa i kekahi ana o ka mana i ke ʻano o ka hōʻike ʻana.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā luna o ka Pentagon a me nā limahana CIA ua aʻo a kaʻana like i nā palapala i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma hope o "Zero Dark Thirty," ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni i koho ʻia e Oscar. kuhi hewa ʻO ka CIA hoʻopaʻapaʻa hoʻomāinoino a me ka papahana hoʻokani i mea kōkua i ka ʻimi ʻana iā Osama bin Laden. ʻO ka CIA kekahi ua hoʻopili i ka hana ʻana o “Argo,” ʻo Ben Affleck ka hōʻike lanakila ʻana i ka Oscar no ka hoʻopakele ʻana o kēlā ʻoihana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa pio ʻAmelika ma Iran.
Akā aia kekahi mea kūpono ʻole e pili ana i ka hoihoi o Hollywood no ka lawe ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kaua drone a Velicovich i ka pale nui. Ma ka "Drone Warrior," hiki i ka pūʻali koa ʻAmelika ke kahua ikaika no ka hōʻike ʻana i kāna papahana me ka maikaʻi a ʻo kāna mau mea hoʻohana he heroic - ma kahi o ka hana nui a me ke kaumaha. Pono mākou e noʻonoʻo inā ua hele mai ʻo Velicovich e ka pūʻali koa US e kākau i kāna memo. ʻOiaʻiʻo hiki ke kōkua i kā lākou pilikia attrition.
Alex Edney-Browne (@alexEdneybrowne) he moho PhD ia ma ke Kulanui o Melbourne, kahi e noiʻi ai ʻo ia i nā hopena psycho-social o ke kaua drone ma luna o nā makaʻāinana Afghan a me nā mea kahiko o ka papahana drone o ka US Air Force. ʻO Lisa Ling (@ARetVet) ua lawelawe ʻo ia ma ka pūʻali koa US ma ke ʻano he loea loea ma nā ʻōnaehana kiaʻi drone ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana me kahi hoʻokuʻu hanohano ma 2012. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ka palapala 2016 e pili ana i ke kaua drone, "National Bird."
