Kālepa ʻo Kanada a me nā mea kaua: ke kaua wahie ma Yemen a ma ʻō aku hoʻi

Na Josh Lalonde, ʻOkakopa 31, 2020

mai ka Kauoha

AʻO ka hōʻike a ka UN Human Rights Council Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Kanada ma ke ʻano he ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e hoʻouluulu nei i ke kaua e hoʻomau nei ma Yemen ma o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kaua i Saudi Arabia, kekahi o nā mea hakakā o ke kaua.

Ua loaʻa ka hōʻike i ka hōʻike i nā nūhou o Kanada e like me ka Globe a me ka Mail a CBC. Akā me ka pāpāho i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka maʻi ahulau COVID-19 a me ke koho balota pelekikena ʻAmelika - a he kakaikahi ka poʻe Kanada e pili pilikino iā Yemen - ua nalowale koke nā moʻolelo i ke ana hohonu o ka pōʻai nūhou, me ka waiho ʻole ʻia o ka hopena i ka kulekele o Kanada.

ʻAʻole maopopo paha ka poʻe Kanada he nui ʻo Kanada ka mea hāʻawi i nā mea kaua i ka Hikina Waena, ma hope o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

I mea e hoʻopiha ai i kēia āpau pāpaho, Kauoha ua kamaʻilio pū me nā mea hana a me nā mea noiʻi e hana ana ma ka Kanada-Saudi Arabia mea kūʻai aku i nā mea kaua a me ka pili ʻana i ke kaua ma Yemen, a me nā kūʻai lima ʻē aʻe o Kanada ma ka Hikina Waena. E nānā kēia ʻatikala i ke kumu o ke kaua a me nā kikoʻī o ke kālepa lima Kanada, ʻoiai e nānā ana ka wā e hiki mai ana i nā ʻoihana ma Kanada e hana ana e hoʻopau i nā mea lawe aku i ka lima.

Ke Kaua ma Yemen

E like me nā kaua kīwila āpau, paʻakikī loa ke kaua ma Yemen, e pili ana i nā pāʻina he nui me nā kuikahi hoʻololi. Ua paʻakikī hou ʻia e kona ana kūwaho a me kāna hopena e hoʻopili nei i loko o kahi pūnaewele paʻa o nā pūʻali geopolitical. ʻO ka "messiness" o ke kaua a me ka nele o kahi moʻolelo maʻalahi a me ka mōakāka no ka lilo ʻana o ke kaua i lilo i kaua i poina ʻia, lawe ʻia i kahi pouli e mamao loa ana mai nā maka o ka pāpāho honua - ʻoiai ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea make loa o ka honua kaua.

ʻOiai e hakakā ana ma waena o nā ʻāpana like ʻole ma Yemen mai ka 2004, ua hoʻomaka ke kaua o kēia wā me nā kūʻē Arab Spring o 2011. ʻO nā kūʻē i alakaʻi i ka haʻalele ʻana o Pelekikena Ali Abdullah Saleh, ka mea i alakaʻi i ka ʻāina mai ka hoʻohui ʻana o North and South Yemen. i ka makahiki 1990. Ua holo kūleʻa ʻole ka Hope Pelekikena ʻo Saleh, ʻo Abed Rabbo Mansour Hadi, i nā koho balota pelekikena o ka makahiki 2012 - a ʻo ka hapa nui o ke ʻano hoʻomalu o ka ʻāina i hoʻololi mau ʻia. ʻAʻole i māʻona kēia i nā hui kūʻē, e like me Ansar Allah, ka mea i ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ka Houthi neʻe.

Ua hana ʻo ka Houthis i kahi hoʻouka kaua kipi kūʻē aku i ke aupuni Yemeni mai ka makahiki 2004. Ua kūʻē lākou i ka palaho i loko o ke aupuni, ua ʻike ʻole lākou i ka mālama ʻole i ka ʻākau o ka ʻāina, a me ka orient-pro-US o kāna kulekele ʻē aʻe.

I ka 2014, ua hopu ka Houthis i ke kapikala ʻo Sanaʻa, ka mea i alakaʻi iā Hadi e haʻalele a haʻalele i ka ʻāina, ʻoiai ka Houthis i hoʻokumu i kahi Kōmike Revolutionary Revolution e noho aupuni i ka ʻāina. Ma ke noi a Pelekikena Hadi i kipaku ʻia, ua hoʻomaka kahi hui ʻana i alakaʻi ʻia e Saudi i kahi hui pūʻali koa i Malaki 2015 e hoʻihoʻi iā Hadi i ka mana a hoʻi i ka kaohi o ke kapikala. (Ma waho aʻe o Saudi Arabia, pili kēia hui ʻana i kekahi mau mokuʻāina ʻAlapia e like me United Arab Emirates, Ioredane, a me ʻAigupita,)

ʻIke ʻo Saudi Arabia a me kāna mau mea kōkua i ka neʻe ʻo Houthi ma ke ʻano he mea pani Iran no ka Shiʻa o nā alakaʻi Houthi. Ua ʻike ʻo Saudi Arabia i nā neʻe politika a Shiʻa me ka kānalua mai ka wā 1979 Islamic Revolution i Iran i hoʻokahuli i ka ʻāina i kākoʻo ʻia e US. Aia kekahi hapa nui Shiʻa nui ma Saudi Arabia i kau ʻia ma ka Hikina Hikina ma ke awāwa ʻo Persian, kahi i ʻike ai i nā haunaele i hoʻomāinoino ʻia e nā pūʻali palekana Saudi.

Eia nō naʻe, pili ka Houthis i ka lālā Zaidi o Shiʻism, kahi i pili ʻole ʻia i ka Twelver Shiʻism o ka mokuʻāina Iran. Ua hōʻike ʻo Iran i ka pili politika me ka Houthi neʻe, akā hōʻole ua hāʻawi ia i nā kōkua koa.

Ua hana ka pūʻali koa Saudi-alakaʻi pūʻali koa i Yemen i kahi hoʻolaha nui o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ka ea, ka mea i hoʻokau pinepine ʻole i nā māka kīwila, e like me halemai, mare, nā hoʻolewa, a kula. I kekahi hanana weliweli loa, a kula oeia hāpai ʻia nā keiki i kahi huakaʻi hele i poka ʻia, a make he 40.

Ua hoʻokō pū ka hui ʻana o Saudi-alakaʻi i kahi blockade o Yemen, i ke kauoha, e koi ana, e pale i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā mea kaua i loko o ka ʻāina. Ua pale kēia ālai ʻana i ka manawa like i ka ʻai, ka wahie, nā lako olakino, a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe mai ke komo ʻana i ka ʻāina, a laila loaʻa ka malnutrite ākea a me nā laha ʻana o ka maʻi cholera a me ka dengue.

Ma loko o ka hakakā, ua hāʻawi nā ʻāina Komohana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka US a me ke UK, i ke kākoʻo ʻike a me ka loiloi i ka hui - refueling planes, ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻoiai ke kūʻai aku nei i nā lako kaua i nā lālā hui. ʻO nā pōkā i hoʻohana ʻia i ka airstrike bus bus kaulana loa hana ʻia ma ka US. a kūʻai aku iā Saudi Arabia i ka makahiki 2015 ma lalo o ke aupuni o Obama.

Ua hōʻike nā hōʻike a UN i nā ʻaoʻao āpau i ka paio e hana ana i ka nui o nā pono kīvila kanaka - e like me ka ʻaihue ʻana, ka pepehi kanaka, ka hoʻomāinoino ʻia, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā koa keiki - ke alakaʻi nei i ka hui e wehewehe i ka hakakā me ka pilikia maikaʻi loa o ka honua.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki i nā kūlana o ke kaua ke hāʻawi i kahi helu kūpono o ka make, ua loiloi nā kānaka noiʻi i 2019 i ka manawa ma kahi o 100,000 mau kānaka - me 12,000 mau kānaka kīwila - i pepehi ʻia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaua. ʻAʻole pili kēia helu i nā make ma muli o ka wī a me nā maʻi i hopena ʻia mai ke kaua a me ka blockade, kahi kekahi aʻo i koho ʻia e hiki aku i ka 131,000 ma ka hopena o 2019.

Kūʻai aku nā mea kūʻai aku Kanada ma Saudi Arabia

ʻOiai ua hana lōʻihi nā aupuni Kanada e hoʻokumu i ka mana o Kanada ma ke ʻano he ʻāina maluhia, ua hauʻoli nā aupuni Conservative a me Liberal e loaʻa kālā mai ke kaua. I ka 2019, ua lawe aku nā mea kaua Kanada i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka US i hōʻea i kahi kiʻekiʻe o $ 3.8 biliona, e like me ka Na waiwai i laweia aku o na waiwai koa hōʻike no kēlā makahiki.

ʻAʻole helu ʻia nā hoʻouka kaua i ka US i ka hōʻike, kahi āpau nui i ka transparency o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele hoʻokuʻu lima o Kanada. ʻO nā mea hoʻolilo i uhi ʻia i loko o ka hōʻike, 76% i Saudi Arabia pololei, ka huina o $ 2.7 biliona.

Kākoʻo ʻole ʻia nā mea hoʻolilo ʻē aʻe i ka hana kaua Saudi. ʻO kahi $ 151.7 miliona mau waiwai hou aku o ka huakaʻi i hele aku i Pelekiuma he mau kaʻa kaua paha ia i hoʻouna ʻia i Farani, kahi i maʻa ai lākou hoʻomaʻamaʻa pūʻali Saudi.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka nānā - a me nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa - e pili ana i nā kūʻai aku lima o Kanada i nā makahiki i hala aku nei i kikowaena a Aelike $ 13 biliona (US) no General Dynamics Land Systems Canada (GDLS-C) e hoʻolako i mau kaukani mau kaʻa uila (LAV) i Saudi Arabia. ʻO ka ʻaelike ka mua hai mai la i ka 2014 ma lalo o ke kuhina nui Kuhina Nui Stephen Harper. Ua ___ ia kūkala ʻia e ka ʻĀina Kālepa ʻo Kanada, kahi hui kalaunu e kuleana no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā kūʻai aku mai nā ʻoihana Kanada i nā aupuni ʻē. ʻAʻole i hoʻolaha piha ʻia nā ʻōlelo o ka ʻaelike, no ka mea, hoʻopili lākou i nā ʻōlelo hūnā e pāpā ana i kā lākou paʻi ʻana.

Ua hōʻole mua ke aupuni ʻo Justin Trudeau i ke kuleana no ka ʻaelike e holo nei. Akā ua hōʻike ʻia ma hope ma 2016 ua kau inoa ke Kuhina o ko nā ʻāina ʻē Stéphane Dion i ka ʻae hope loa no nā ʻae kūwaho.

Ua ʻae ʻo Dion i ka ʻae ʻana ʻoiai i nā palapala i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia e pūlima kahakaha ʻia ka moʻolelo pono kīnā o nā pono kīvila kanaka o Saudi Arabia, e like me "ka nui o nā hoʻopaʻi i hōʻike ʻia, ka hōʻoki ʻana i nā kūʻē politika, ka noi ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻi kino, ka hoʻokū ʻana i ke kūʻokoʻa o ka manaʻo, ka hopu ʻia ʻana, ka hana ʻino ʻana i nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, nā palena o ke kūʻokoʻa o ka hoʻomana, ka hoʻokae. e kūʻē i nā wahine a me ka hana hoʻomāinoino ʻia o nā limahana limahana. "

Ma hope o ka pepehi kanaka ʻino ʻana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo Saudi ʻO Jamal Kashoggi e nā limahana ʻike Saudi ma ka consulate Saudi i Istanbul ma ʻOkakopa 2018, ua kāpae ʻo Global Affairs Canada i nā ʻae hoʻokuʻu hou aku i Saudi Arabia. Akā ʻaʻole kēia i hoʻokomo i nā ʻae e kū nei e uhi ana i ka ʻaelike LAV. A hāpai ʻia ua kāpae ʻia i ka lā ʻApelila 2020, e ʻae ana i nā noi palapala hou e hana ʻia, ma hope o ke kūkākūkā ʻana o Global Affairs Canada i ka mea kapaia "Nā hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ʻaelike".

I Kepakemapa 2019, ke aupuni pekelala aka hoi he $ 650 miliona hōʻaiʻē iā GDLS-C ma o kā Export Development Canada (EDC) "Kanada Account." Wahi a ka Pūnaewele EDC, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia waihona "e kākoʻo i nā hana hoʻolilo i hiki ʻole i [EDC] ke kākoʻo, akā i hoʻoholo ʻia e ke Kuhina no International Trade e lilo i ka pono lāhui āpau o Kanada." ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻolako ākea nā kumu o ka hōʻaiʻē, ua hele mai ia ma hope o ka hala ʻana o Saudi Arabia $ 1.5 biliona (US) i nā uku iā General Dynamics.

Ua pale aku ke aupuni o Kanada i ka hana LAV ma ke kumu ʻaʻohe hōʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā LAV a Kanada e hana i nā hana ʻino kanaka. Eia naʻe a ʻaoʻao ma Lost Amour Kākau nā palapala i nā nalowale o nā kaʻa kākela ma Yemen i nā helu he nui o nā LAV i hoʻohana ʻia e Saudi i luku ʻia ma Yemen mai ka makahiki 2015. ʻAʻohe hopena like paha o nā LAV i nā makaʻāinana e like me nā airstrikes a i ʻole ka blockade, akā maopopo leʻa lākou he mea nui o ka Saudi Arabia. .

ʻO kahi mea hana Kanada kaulana ʻole o nā kaʻa kākela, ʻo Terradyne, he ʻāpana o nā ana ʻike ʻole e kūʻai aku i kāna mau kaʻa pale kaua Gurkha i Saudi Arabia. ʻO nā wikiō e hōʻike ana i nā kaʻa ʻo Terradyne Gurkha e hoʻohana ʻia nei e kaohi ana i ka haunaele i ko Saudi Arabia ʻĀpana Hikina a ma ka kaua ma Yemen ua hoʻolaha ʻia ma ka pāpili kaiaulu no kekahi mau makahiki.

Ua kāpae ʻo Global Affairs Kanada i nā ʻae hoʻokuʻu no Terradyne Gurkhas i Iulai 2017 e pane ana i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana ma ka Panalāʻau Hikina. Akā ua hoʻihoʻi ia i nā ʻae i ka Kepakemapa o kēlā makahiki, ma hope o ia i hoʻoholo ʻaʻohe hōʻike i hoʻohana ʻia nā kaʻa e hana i nā hana ʻino kanaka.

Kauoha ua kiʻi aku iā Anthony Fenton, kahi haumāna PhD ma ke Kulanui o York e noiʻi ana i nā kūʻai lima ʻana o Kanada i nā ʻāina Persian Persian no ka ʻōlelo e pili ana i kēia mau hopena. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Fenton i loko o nā leka pololei a Twitter e hoʻohana ana ka hōʻike ʻo Global Affairs Canada i ka "manaʻo hoʻopunipuni / hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō i nā pae hoʻohālikelike" a ʻo ia wale nō "e hoʻonāukiuki / pale i ka hōʻino."

Wahi a Fenton, "Ua lawe nā luna Kanada i ka Saudis i kā lākou ʻōlelo i ka wā i koi lākou ʻaʻole i hana ʻia nā hana hewa kanaka [kuleana kanaka] a ua ʻōlelo ʻia he hana kūʻē kūʻē kūloko 'kūloko ia. Ma kaʻoluʻolu me kēia, ua hoʻomaka hou ʻo Ottawa i ka lawe aku i nā kaʻa. ”

ʻO kekahi mea kūʻai aku nā mea kaua Kanada liʻiliʻi i kaulana loa i Saudi Arabia e pili ana i ka ʻoihana Winnipeg ʻo PGW Defense Technology Inc., ka mea e hana ana i nā pū kī. ʻO ka helu helu ʻo Kanada Kālepa Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai Kanada (CIMTD) kahua $ 6 miliona i ka lawe ʻia aku o "Rifles, haʻuki, hopu holoholona a i ʻole pahuhopu" i Saudi Arabia no 2019, a ʻoi aku ma mua o $ 17 miliona o ka makahiki i hala. (ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā helu CIMTD me nā hōʻike o ka Exports of Military Goods i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, no ka mea ua hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole.)

I ka 2016, ua kau ka Houthis ma Yemen i nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō e hoike ana he aha nā pū panapana PGW a lākou i ʻōlelo ai ua hopu ʻia mai nā kiaʻi palena o Saudi. I ka 2019, nā mea hōʻike Arabia no ka Investigative Journalism (ARIJ) palapalaʻia Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei nā pū panapana PGW e nā pro-Hadi Yemeni pūʻali, i hoʻolako ʻia paha e Saudi Arabia. Wahi a ARIJ, Globalrespons Kanada ʻaʻole i pane ʻia ke hōʻike ʻia me ka hōʻike e hoʻohana ʻia ana nā pū kī ma Yemen.

Aia kekahi mau ʻoihana aerospace ma Quebec, me Pratt & Whitney Kanada, Bombardier, a me Bell Helicopters Textron kekahi. lako pono ke kumukuai o $ 920 miliona i nā lālā o ke kuʻikahi alakaʻi Saudi-alakaʻi mai kona komo ʻana i Yemen i hoʻomaka ma 2015. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lakohana, me nā ʻenekini i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mokulele hakakā, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia he waiwai koa ma lalo o kā Kanada ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kūwaho. No laila ʻaʻole ia e koi i nā ʻae hoʻokuʻu a ʻaʻole helu ʻia i ka hōʻike ʻo Exports of Military Goods.

Ke kūʻai aku nei nā mea kaua Kanada ʻē aʻe i ka Hikina Waena

Ua loaʻa he ʻelua mau ʻāina ʻē ma ka Hikina Waena i ka nui o ka waiwai o ka pūʻali koa mai Kanada ma 2019: Turkey ma $ 151.4 miliona a me United Arab Emirates (UAE) ma $ 36.6 miliona. Pili nā ʻāina ʻelua i nā hakakā ma waena o ka Hikina Waena a ma ʻō aku hoʻi.

I loko o nā makahiki i hala aku nei ua pili ʻo Turkey i ka hana koa i Suria, ʻIraka, Libya, a ʻAkepaikana.

A hoike na ka mea noiʻi ʻo Kelsey Gallagher i paʻi ʻia i Kepakemapa e ka hui maluhia o Kanada Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Project Plowshares i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea ʻonā opua i hana ʻia e Kanada e L3Harris WESCAM ma nā Turkish Bayraktar TB2 pūʻali koa. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia mau drone i nā hakakā hou a Turkey.

Ua lilo nā drone i kikowaena o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma Kanada i Kepakemapa a me ʻOkakopa i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai lākou e hoʻohana ʻia ana i ka hana mau e hakakā ana ma Nagorno-Karabakh. ʻO nā wikiō o nā kuʻi drone i paʻi ʻia e ka Azerbaijan Ministry of Defense hōʻike i kahi uhi kiʻi i kūlike me kēlā me nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e WESCAM optics. Kahi mea hou aʻe, kiʻi paʻi o kahi drone downed i paʻi ʻia e nā kumuwaiwai pūʻali koa Armenian e hōʻike maopopo ai i ka hale hiʻona o kahi ʻōnaehana sensor WESCAM MX-15D a me kahi helu serial e hōʻike ana iā ia ma ke ʻano he huahana WESCAM, haʻi ʻo Gallagher Kauoha.

ʻAʻole maopopo inā ke hoʻohana ʻia nei nā drones e Azerbaijani a i ʻole nā ​​pūʻali koa Tureke, akā i kēlā me kēia hihia e hōʻino paha ka hoʻohana ʻana ma Nagorno-Karabakh i nā ʻae kūwaho no nā optika WESCAM. ʻO Kuhina Nui ʻĀina ʻO François-Philippe Champagne hoʻokuʻuʻia nā ʻae kūwaho no nā optics ma ʻOkakopa 5 a hoʻomaka i kahi hoʻokolokolo no nā mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia.

Ua hoʻouna aku kekahi mau ʻoihana ʻē aʻe Kanada i ʻenehana i Turkey i hoʻohana ʻia i nā pono koa. ʻO Bombardier hai mai la ma ʻOkakopa 23 e kāpae ana lākou i ka lawe aku i "nā ʻāina me ka hoʻohana maopopo ʻole" o nā ʻenekini mokulele i hana ʻia e kā lākou hui ʻo Austrian Rotax, ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana e hoʻohana ʻia ana nā ʻenekini i nā drone Turkish Bayraktar TB2. Wahi a Gallagher, ʻo kēia hoʻoholo a kahi hui ʻo Kanada e kāpae aku i ka lawe aku o kahi lālā ma muli o kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hakakā he neʻe mua loa ia.

Hoʻokumu pū ʻo Pratt & Whitney Kanada i nā ʻenekini hoʻohanaʻia i ka mokulele Aerospace Industries Hürkuş mokulele. Hoʻolālā ka hoʻolālā Hürkuş i nā ʻano mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā pailaka air force - a me kahi mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka hakakā, keu hoʻi i kahi kuleana counterinsurgency. ʻO ka mea kākau moʻolelo Turkish ʻo Ragip Soylu, kākau ʻana no Ke Kaiwaena Waena i ʻApelila 2020, ua hōʻike ʻia e pili ana nā mea kaua lima Kanada i hoʻokau ʻia ma Turkey ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ʻOkakopa 2019 i Suria e pili i nā ʻenekini Pratt & Whitney Canada. Eia nō naʻe, e like me kā Gallagher, ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻia kēia mau ʻenekini i ka lawe kaua ʻana e Global Affairs Canada, no laila ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu e uhi ʻia ai lākou e ka embargo.

E like me Turkey, ua pili pū ka UAE no kekahi mau makahiki i nā hakakā a puni ka Hikina Waena, i kēia hihia ma Yemen a me Libya. ʻO ka UAE a hiki i kēia manawa kekahi o nā alakaʻi o ka hoʻohuihui e kākoʻo ana i ke aupuni Hadi ma Yemen, ka lua ma Saudi Arabia wale nō i ke ana o kāna hāʻawi. Eia nō naʻe, mai ka manawa ua huki ka UAE i kona alo i Yemen. Me he mea lā ua ʻoi aku ka hopohopo nui me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kona wāwae i ka hema o ka ʻāina ma mua o ka pahu ʻana i ka poʻe Houthis mai ke kapikala a hoʻihoʻi hou iā Hadi i ka mana.

Ua kau inoa ʻo Kanada i kahi “ʻaelike ʻaelike pale"Me ka UAE i Kēkēmapa 2017, kokoke i ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hui ʻana ma Yemen. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Fenton he ʻāpana kēia o ka ʻaelike e kūʻai aku i nā LAV i ka UAE, a ʻo nā kikoʻī e koe i maopopo ʻole.

I Libia, kākoʻo ka UAE i ka Libyan National Army (LNA) ma ka hikina ma lalo o ke kauoha a General Khalifa Haftar i kāna hakakā e kūʻē i ke Aupuni Komohana National Accord (GNA). ʻO ka hoʻāʻo a ka LNA e hopu i ke kapikala ʻo Tripoli mai ka GNA, i hoʻouka ʻia i ka makahiki 2018, ua hoʻohuli ʻia me ke kōkua o ke kōkua o Turkey i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka GNA.

ʻO kēia mau mea āpau ua kūʻai aku ʻo Kanada i nā lako kaua i nā mea kākoʻo o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kaua Libyan. (ʻAʻole maopopo ia, inā ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lako hana a Kanada e ka UAE ma Libia.)

ʻOiai ʻo ka hana kikoʻī o $ 36.6 miliona o nā waiwai koa i lawe ʻia mai Kanada a i ka UAE i helu ʻia i ka hōʻike Exports of Military Goods ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ākea ʻia, ʻo ka UAE. ua kauoha ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻekolu mokulele kiaʻi GlobalEye i hana ʻia e ka hui Kanada Bombardier pū me ka ʻoihana Suedena Saab. ʻO David Lametti, i ke kākau ʻōlelo o ka wā Parliamentary i ke Kuhina Hoʻohou, ʻEpekema, a me ka Hoʻomohala Waiwai a me ke Kuhina o ka Hoʻokolokolo i kēia manawa. mahaloia ʻO Bombardier lāua ʻo Saab ma ka ʻaelike.

Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻouka kaua pololei ʻana mai Kanada a i ka UAE, ʻo ka hui ʻo Kanada ʻo Streit Group, ka mea e hana ana i nā kaʻa kila, ma ke keʻena nui ma UAE. Ua ʻae kēia iā ia e hoʻopuni i nā koina palapala hoʻokuʻu Kanada a kūʻai aku i kāna kaʻa i nā ʻāina e like me Sudana a Libia aia ma lalo o nā hoʻopaʻi a Kanada e pāpā ana i ka lawe aku aku o nā pono koa ma laila. He kakini, inā ʻaʻole haneli o nā kaʻa ʻo Streit Group, i hoʻohana nui ʻia e Saudi Arabia a me nā pūʻali koa Yemeni i pili pū ʻia, palapalaʻia i luku ʻia ma Yemen ma 2020 wale nō, me nā helu like i nā makahiki i hala.

Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ke aupuni Kanada ma muli o ke kūʻai ʻia ʻana o nā kaʻa ʻo Streit Group mai UAE a i nā ʻāina ʻekolu, ʻaʻohe ona mana i nā kūʻai aku. Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o nā huaʻōlelo o ke Kuʻikahi Kūʻai Lapaʻau, a Kanada i ʻae aku ai i Kepakemapa 2019, kuleana nā mokuʻāina no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā rula e pili ana i ka brokering - ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ko lākou lāhui i waena o kekahi ʻāina ʻē a me kekahi. Maliʻa paha e hāʻule kekahi o nā mea i lawe ʻia aku o ka Streit Group ma lalo o kēia wehewehe ʻana, a no laila e pili ana i nā kānāwai Kanada e pili ana i ka brokering.

ʻO ke kiʻi nui

Hana pū kēia mau mea lima āpau i hana ʻia ʻo Kanada ka mea hoʻoluku lua-nui o nā mea kaua i ka Hikina Waena, ma hope o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma 2016. Ua ulu wale nā ​​kūʻai mea kaua a Kanada mai ia manawa, ʻoiai lākou i hoʻopaʻa ai i kahi moʻolelo hou ma 2019.

He aha ke kumu ma hope o kā Kanada alualu ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mea kaua? Aia wale nō ke kumu kūʻai kūleʻa maoli: nā waiwai hoʻolilo o ka waiwai koa i ka Hikina Hikina i lawe mai ma kahi o $ 2.9 biliona ma 2019. Pili paʻa kēia i ka lua o nā mea, kahi a ke aupuni o Kanada e makemake nui nei e hoʻokahakaha, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hana.

I ka manawa mua o ka hana GDLS-C LAV hai mai la i ka 2014, ke Kuhina o ko nā ʻāina ʻē (e like me ka mea i kapa ʻia ai ia manawa) ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ka hana e "hana a hoʻomau i nā hana ma mua o 3,000 i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Kanada." ʻAʻole ia i wehewehe i ka helu ʻana i kēia helu. ʻO kēlā me kēia helu o nā hana i hana ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mea kaua, ua hopohopo nā aupuni Conservative a me Liberal e hoʻopau i kahi nui o nā hana uku maikaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoihana pale e ka pāpā ʻana i ke kālepa lima.

ʻO kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻonāukiuki ana i ko Kanada mau kūʻai aku ʻana i nā mea kaua ka makemake e mālama i ka home “base industrial industrial base”, ma loko Nā palapala a Global Affairs mai ka 2016 kau iā ia. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā waiwai koa i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e ʻae i nā ʻoihana Kanada e like me GDLS-C e mālama i ka ʻoihana hana ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka hiki ke mālama ʻia e nā kūʻai aku i nā Pūʻali Koa Kanada wale nō. Hoʻopili kēia i nā pono hana, nā pono hana, a me nā limahana i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka hana pūʻali koa. I ke kaua a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana koke ʻia kēia mākaukau hana no nā pono koa o Kanada.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, he kuleana nui nā hoihoi geopolitical i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā ʻāina hea e lawe aku ai ʻo Kanada i nā lako kaua iā ia. ʻO Saudi Arabia a me ka UAE he mau pilina pili loa o ka US, a ʻo ke kūlana geopolitical o Kanada ma ka Hikina Waena ua kaulike ʻia me US o ka mea like. Nā palapala a Global Affairs mahalo iā Saudi Arabia ma ke ʻano he hoa i ka hui kaiaulu kūʻē kūʻē i ka Islamic State (ISIS) a kuhikuhi i ka ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli i ʻōlelo ʻia o "kahi mea kū hou a hoʻonui ʻo bellicose Iran" i mea e hōʻoia ai no ke kūʻai aku LAV iā Saudi Arabia.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā palapala e pili ana iā Saudi Arabia ma ke ʻano he “mea kōkua nui a paʻa hoʻi i ka ʻāina i hōʻino ʻia e ka paʻa ʻole, ka hoʻoweliweli a me ka hakakā,” akā ʻaʻole naʻe e kamaʻilio i ke kūpaʻa ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ko Saudi-alakaʻi hui ʻana ma Yemen. Kēia kūlana paʻa ʻole ua ʻae nā hui e like me al-Qaeda ma ka Arabian Peninsula a me ISIS e hoʻokumu i ka kaohi ma luna o nā wahi o Yemen.

Ua wehewehe ʻo Fenton e pili pū ana kēia mau manaʻo geopolitical me nā mea kalepa, ʻoiai ʻo ke ʻimi ʻana a Kanada i ke Kolo e ʻimi nei i nā mea kaua i koi ʻia - ʻoiai ʻo Desert Storm - ka mahi ʻana i nā pilina pūʻali koa a i ka pūʻali koa me kēlā me kēia. mōʻī. ”

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka manaʻo nui loa e pili ana i ka memo o nā kuleana pili i ka Honua Kahiki ʻo Saudi Arabia “ʻo ia nā waihona aila nui loa o ka honua a ʻo ia ke kolu o nā mea hana aila i kēia manawa.”

A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo Turkey kahi hoa pili loa o ka US a me Kanada, ma ke ʻano he lālā NATO wale nō ma ka Hikina Waena. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei ua alualu ʻo Turkey i kahi kulekele haole kūʻokoʻa kūʻē a kūʻē hoʻi i kūʻē iā ia me ka US a me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o NATO. E wehewehe paha kēia hewa geopolitical i ka makemake o Kanada e kāpae i nā ʻae hoʻokuʻu aku i Turkey me ka hāʻawi ʻana iā lākou no Saudi Arabia a me ka UAE.

ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻae hoʻokuʻu aku i Turkey kahi paha i pili me ka kaomi kūloko i ke aupuni. Kauoha ke hana nei i kēia manawa i kahi ʻatikala hopena e nānā i kekahi mau pūʻulu e hana nei i ka hoʻonui ʻana i kēlā kaomi, i mea e hoʻopau ai i ka ʻoihana kaua Kanada i ka nui.