Na Nicolas JS Davies, Pepeluali 18, 2020
E kali iki ana ka honua e ʻike inā e ʻae ʻia nā aupuni o US a me Afghanistan a me ka Taliban i ka a hoʻokahi pule wiki hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i ke kahua no ka "kū mau a me ka laulā" a me ka haʻalele ʻana o US a me nā pūʻali koa ʻē aʻe mai Afghanistan. Hiki paha i nā kamaʻilio no kēia manawa maoli, a i ʻole ia e lilo i kekahi ʻē aʻe huhū no ka hana ʻāpala a Pelekikena Trump iā ka pepehi kanaka nui a kaulana e whack-a-mole?
Inā kū maoli ka pahi kaua, ʻaʻohe mea e hauʻoli ma mua o ko Afghans e hakakā ana a make i nā laina mua o ke kaua a kekahi i haʻi aku ai i kahi mea nūhou ʻo BBC ʻo "ʻaʻole maoli kā mākou kaua." ʻO nā pūʻali koa o Afghanistan a me nā mākaʻi e ʻehaʻeha nei i ka poʻe make ma nā laina mua o kēia kaua i haʻi aku iā BBC ʻaʻole lākou e hakakā no ka inaina no ka Taliban a i ʻole ke kūpaʻa i ke aupuni i kākoʻo ʻia e US, akā no ka ʻilihune, ka hopohopo a me ka mālama pono ʻana iā ia iho. . Ma kēia ʻano, hopu ʻia lākou i loko o ka pilikia weliweli like me nā miliona o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma waena o ka Hikina Waena ʻoi aku ka nui ma nā wahi a pau a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i hoʻolilo ai i nā home a me nā kaiāulu o nā kānaka i “kahua kaua” ʻo ʻAmelika.
Ma Afghanistan, Hoʻohana ka hana hana kūikawā maʻAmelika Huipū ʻia ʻImi, a pepehi " hana ʻino i ka pō a me nā hana ʻino in Taliban-mauia āina, i kākoʻo ʻia e hoʻoweliweliloko o ka ea USmana pepehi loa helu helu ʻole o nā hoa kaua a me nā mea lehulehu. Ua hāʻule ke US a pou-2001 mooolelo 7,423 pā a me nā manaʻo ma Afghanistan ma 2019.
Akā e like me ka mea nāna e hoʻoponopono ʻia he hoʻolaha ma BBC Nanamou Ua wehewehe ʻo Steffensen (e hoʻolohe maʻaneʻi, mai 11:40 a 16:50), ʻo ia keʻokeʻo māmā pae-a-faila Pākani koa a me na māka ma nā wahi huli a pā kaua liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka 'oʻi ka' āina, ʻaʻole nā US hana kākoʻo i kākoʻo ʻia e US, ka mea eha ka weliweli loa pae o nā mea make. ʻO Pelekikena Ghani hoike ma Ianuali 2019, ua luku ʻia nā pūʻali koa Afghan he 45,000 mai ka wā i lawe ai i ke keʻena i Kepakemapa 2014, a e nā moʻolelo a pau ʻo 2019 makee.
Ua huakaʻi ʻo Steffensen a puni ʻo Afghanistan e kamaʻilio pū ana me nā koa Afghanistan a me nā mākaʻi ma nā wahi kiaʻi a me nā wahi liʻiliʻi ʻo ia ka mea hemahema mua o ka kaua US e kūʻē i ka Taliban. Na koa koa Ua haʻi aku ʻo Steffensen iā ia e kākau wale lākou i ka pūʻali koa a i ʻole mākaʻi no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i kahi hana ʻē aʻe, a ua loaʻa iā lākou hoʻokahi malama aʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi AK-47 a me kahi RPG ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻia ʻana i nā laina mua. Loa aʻaihue hou wale ʻia ʻana i nā kapa Tele a me nā shippers a me nā ʻaihā hoʻi o Afghanng, ahakoa he kakaikahi nā ʻāpana haʻuki a me nā ʻāpana o kino pale kino. Noho lākou i ka hopohopo mau, me ka "hopohopo nui e lilo pinepine i kekahi manawa." Ua haʻi aku kekahi mākaʻi iā Steffensen, “ʻaʻole lākou e mālama iā mākou. ʻO ia ka mea e nui ai ka make o mākou. Eia nō mākou a kaua a pepehi, ʻoi wale nō. ”
I kahi nīnauele kahaha nui, ʻo Afghanistan kamaʻāina mākaʻi ʻōiwi, ʻO General Khoshal Sadat, ua hōʻoia i ka manaʻo o nā pūʻali o ka waiwai haʻahaʻa i waiho ʻia ma ko lākou mau ola e nā hewa Na aupuni i kākoʻo ʻia e US. Nui Sadat he puka puka o nā koleka pūʻali koa ma UK a me US ʻo ia hoʻopaʻahao-kā martialed ma lalo o Pelekikena Karzai i ka makahiki 2014 no ka hoʻopio hewa ʻana i ka poʻe a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i kona ʻāina i ka US a me Pelekikena ʻo Ghani ua hānai iā ia e poʻo i ka mākaʻi aupuni ma 2019. Ua nīnau ʻo Steffensen iā Sadat e pili ana i ka hopena o nā mea make kiʻekiʻe ma ka pono a me ka hoʻokau ʻana. "Ke nānā ʻoe i ka hoʻolimalima," haʻi ʻo Sadat iā ia, "noʻonoʻo mau wau e pili ana i nā ʻohana Afghanistan a me ka nui o kā lākou keiki. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi ʻaʻole mau ka hemahema o nā kāne hakakā e hiki ke komo i ka ikaika. "
I ka hālāwai kūkala hope loa ma ka hōʻike a Steffensen, he mākaʻi ma kahi huli no kaas appE haʻi ana i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Wardak mai ke kākāʻāina o Taliban i nīnau ʻia ai ka loa kumu o ke kaua. ʻ toldlelo maila ʻo ia iā ia, "He mau hoahānau mākou a pau nā Muslim. ʻAʻohe o mākou pilikia ma kekahi. "No ke aha lā ʻoe e hakakā nei?" i nīnau ai ʻo ia ia. ^ E Ha yM. Ua kānalua ʻo ia, ʻakaʻaka a lulu ʻo ia i kona poʻo i ke ʻano hemo. "Maopopo iā ʻoe ke kumu. ʻIke wau i ke kumu. ʻAʻole maoli makou kaua, "ʻī ʻo ia.
No laila wʻO mākou kā a pau ka hakakā ʻana?
Tmanaʻo o ia i nā pūʻali Afghan Hoʻopuka ʻo Steffensen kaʻana e ka poʻe e hakakā nei nā aoaos of Nā kaua a ʻAmelika. ʻO ka "arc o ka hiki" Ano ke kuhi ʻelima mau tausani mile mai Afghanistan a Mali a ma waho aʻe hoʻi, ua "hoʻololi ke aupuni" a me nā kaua "counterterrorism" i lilo i miliona milionanā home a me nā kaiāulu i loko o "nā kahua kaua o ʻAmelika." E like me ka Afghanistan hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻo Steffensen i ʻōlelo, ua komo ka poʻe makaʻu ʻoleed pūʻulu koa ma a pau ʻaoʻao aka, no nā kumu i liʻiliʻi ʻole ai i ka manaʻo, hoomana a i ʻole he kumu hoʻomohala hewa i hāpai ʻia e nā poʻe kālai'āina a me nā pūʻulu.
US Kakauolelo o ka State Condoleezzhe Laiki luea ka makahiki ʻOihana o ke Aupuni reʻakou ma gka lāʻau thūnā i loko o 2005, ma hope o ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ka mea mua ʻekolu mau makahiki o ke "koa kaua a ka US" War on Terror "i loaʻa wanana ua hopena i ka hoʻopū honua o ka hana hoʻoweliweli a me na pale kaua, ka pololei kue i kuʻi i kuhikuhi ʻias. ^ E Ha yM. Pane a Rice i na hoike a ka hoike i ho'āʻo i punina ʻikeʻike lehulehu o ka hopena maopopo loa o ko US lawless a me ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana i nā kaua.
Fifmakahiki opio lala, ke paʻa mau nei ka US a me kona mau ʻenemi hewa mua i ka pōkole o ka hana ʻino a me nā haunaele i ka which hanas a pākahi ʻia e kekahi aoao wale no ka wahie hou ka hoʻonui a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka hana ʻino by ʻo kekahi aoao, me ka pau ole imua o ka maka. Rmea hana ua makaʻala i ka pehea o hoha wale a me honu na kaua o Amerika tloipala pale ʻole ma mua poʻe kīwila ma kēlā me kēia ʻāina i loko o kahi mea hakakā pū kaua. ʻIke mau ma waena o lehulehu loa kaua aie?s, kay ua loaa o ka ke kumu nui i komo pū ai nā kānaka pale nā pūʻali koa iā lākou iho, i ko lākou ʻohana a i ko lākou kaiāulu paha, a kela fnā mea hana no laila ka ikaika o ka hui ikaika loas e loaa ka pale nui loa, me ka manaʻo ʻole no ka ʻatikala.
I ka 2015, ʻo ke kikowaena no nā poʻe kīwila ma ke kipi (CIVIC), ninaninaued 250 mea kaua mai Bosennia, Palesetine (Gaza), Libya a me Somalia, a paʻi i nā hopena i loko i kahi hōʻike kapaʻia Nā ʻĀina Heʻāina: Nā Kūwila i kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa kaua. ^ E Ha yM. Ua ʻike ʻia nā mea noiʻi, "ʻO ka manaʻo nui loa e komo pū ai, i wehewehe ʻia e nā mea ninaninau i loko o nā haʻawina ʻehā ʻehā, ʻo ia ka pale o ka ʻohana a me ka ʻohana paha."
I ka makahiki 2017, ka UN Development Program (UNDP) ua hoʻokau ʻia kahi hoʻokolokolo like 500 o ka poʻe i hui pū me Al-Qaeda, Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab a me na hui e ae ana ma Aferika. O ka Ua hōʻike ʻia e ka UNDP ua uluaia Ke huakaʻi i ka hoʻokele makemake ma Africa: Ke mau kaʻa, nā mea hana a me ka Tint-Point no ka loaʻa ʻana. ^ E Ha yM. Ua hōʻoia ʻia nā mea noiʻi ʻē aʻe o nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe a, and ka haulua't pane a pololei ma ka "tipping-point" pololei no ka hoʻopili hou ʻana i hoʻomālamalama maoli.
"ʻO kahi mea pākēnē 71%," ua loaʻa i ka hōʻike, "ua hōʻike ʻia i ke hana 'aupuni", ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka pepehi ʻana i kahi ʻohana a hoa paha' a 'hopu paha i kahi ʻohana a hoa paha', ʻo ia ka hanana i koi iā lākou e hui ai. " The UNDP hopena, "Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hana o nā hana mālama kiaʻāina ʻo ia ka mea e like me ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana, ma mua o ka hoʻi."
Ua hōʻino ʻia ke aupuni ʻo US no nā ʻenehana koa ikaika i ka ʻoihana pūʻali no ka ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻana mai o kēia mau haʻawina. loihi ʻike o ʻaʻole hewa a pōʻino mea kaua. E haʻi maʻamau ai "aia nā koho āpau ma ka papaʻaina," me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka pūʻali koa, he mea hōʻeha ia i ka ʻO ka UN Charter, ka mea ke pale aku i ka hoʻoweliweli a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikaika ma nā lāhui ʻē aʻe no ka mea pili ʻole i kēlā me kēia ʻano i ʻole.
Akā ʻoi aku ka mea maʻalahie koʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa hoʻomaopopos ka wahahee a me ka moe kolohe, kānāwai a kālai'āina o na mea hnni no ko mākou ʻāina pilikia na kaua, ʻoi aʻe ka hiki iā mākou ka hakaka ana ka kuhihewa mau na mahanahana poʻe poʻe mākaʻi e nona nā kulekele hāʻawi wale i ka honua hou make, ʻo ka luku a me ka haunaele. Ka hewa o Trump, pepehi kanaka Kulekele ʻo Iran ʻo ia wale nō ka hiʻohiʻona hou, a, ma hope o kāna mau hua catastrophic, e noho mau ana ka pūʻali koa US tripically bipartisan, me nā mea ʻokoʻa hanohano.
i ka wa ʻO ʻAmelika e okis pepehi ana i na kanaka a hoomake i ko lakou mau home, a ka honua hoʻomakas ke kōkua ʻana i nā poʻe e kākoʻo a pale iā lākou iho a ko lākou mau ʻohana me ke komo ʻole ʻana i nā pūʻali koa kākoʻo ʻo ʻAmelika a i ʻole nā pūʻali koa i kaua e kaua ai, a laila a laila wale nō nā hoʻoili kaua ʻana i hoʻowahāwahā ʻia e ka pūʻali koa US puni honua hoʻomaka e kolo.
ʻAʻole ʻo Afghanistan ʻo ke kaua lōʻihi loa a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. No kēlā ʻokoʻa pōʻino kēlā na Nā Kauaʻi ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ka mea e mau ana mai ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka ʻāina a hiki i ka poʻe koa Apache hope i hopu ʻia i ka makahiki 1924. Akā ka kaua kaua o ʻAmelika i Afghanistan ʻo ia ka mea lōʻihi loa i ka pona o ka anachronistic a ua ʻike ʻole ʻia ka hoʻohewa neoimperial kaua o ka US i kaua mai ka makahiki 1945.
E like me ka haʻi ʻana mai o kahi hoʻokele kaʻaahi ʻApelika ma Wanekoua iaʻu i ka makahiki 2009, "Ua eo mākou i ka Emepaea o Peresia i ke kenekulia 18. Ua lanakila mākou i ka poʻe Pelekania i ke kenekulia 19. Ua lanakila mākou i ka Soviet Union i ka 20 kenekulia. I kēia manawa, me NATO, ke kaua nei mākou i nā ʻāina he 28, akā e eo nō hoʻi mākou iā lākou. ” ʻAʻole au i kanalua iā ia no hoʻokahi minuke. Akā no ke aha e alakaʻi ai nā alakaʻi o ʻAmelika, i kā lākou kuhi hewa ʻana o ke aupuni a me ka pulakaumaka me ka ʻenehana hōʻemi kālā, e hoʻolohe mau i kahi kalaiwa kaʻa o Afghanistan?
