Zanga-zangar a Westwood, California 2002. Hoto: Carolyn Cole/Los Angeles Times ta hanyar Getty Images
ta Medea Benjamin da Nicolas JS Davies, CODEPINK, Agusta 21, 2021
Kafofin yada labaran Amurka sun yi ta tofa albarkacin bakinsu dangane da irin wulakancin da sojojin Amurka suka yi a Afganistan. Sai dai kadan daga cikin sukar na zuwa ne kan tushen matsalar, wanda shi ne matakin farko na mamaye kasar ta Afghanistan da kuma mamaye kasar tun da farko.
Wannan shawarar ta haifar da wani yanayi na tashin hankali da hargitsi wanda babu wata manufar Amurka ko dabarun soji da za ta iya warwarewa a cikin shekaru 20 masu zuwa, a Afghanistan, Iraki ko kuma wasu kasashen da suka barke a yakin Amurka bayan 9 ga Satumba.
Yayin da Amirkawa ke cikin firgici da ɗumbin hotunan jiragen saman da suka yi karo da gine-gine a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2001, sakataren tsaro Rumsfeld ya gudanar da taro a wani sashe na Pentagon. Sakatare Bayanan Cambone daga wannan taron an bayyana yadda jami'an Amurka cikin sauri da makanta suka shirya don jefa al'ummarmu cikin makabarta na daula a Afganistan, Iraki da sauran su.
Cambone ya rubuta cewa Rumsfeld yana so, ”… Mafi kyawun bayanai cikin sauri. Yi hukunci ko ya isa ya bugi SH (Saddam Hussein) a lokaci guda - ba wai UBL (Usama Bin Laden) kaɗai ba… Go m. Share shi duka. Abubuwan da suka shafi kuma ba. "
Don haka a cikin sa'o'i na waɗannan munanan laifuka a Amurka, babbar tambayar da manyan jami'an Amurka ke yi ba shine yadda za a bincika su ba kuma a dauki alhakin masu laifin, amma yadda za a yi amfani da wannan lokacin "Pearl Harbor" don tabbatar da yaƙe-yaƙe, sauye-sauyen mulki da kuma soja. a ma'aunin duniya.
Kwanaki uku bayan haka, Majalisa ta zartar da wani kudirin doka da ya baiwa shugaban kasa izini amfani da karfin soji “…a kan wadancan kasashe, kungiyoyi, ko mutanen da ya yanke shawarar shiryawa, ba da izini, aikatawa, ko taimakawa hare-haren ta’addancin da suka faru a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2001, ko kuma sun mamaye irin wadannan kungiyoyi ko mutane…”
A cikin 2016, Sabis na Bincike na Majalisa ruwaito An ambaci wannan izini na Amfani da Sojojin Soja (AUMF) don tabbatar da ayyukan soji daban-daban guda 37 a kasashe daban-daban 14 da na teku. Galibin mutanen da aka kashe, aka raunata ko muhallansu a wadannan ayyuka ba su da wata alaka da laifukan da aka aikata a ranar 11 ga watan Satumba. Hukumomin da suka gaje su sun sha yin watsi da ainihin kalmomin izinin, wanda kawai ya ba da izinin amfani da karfi a kan wadanda ke da hannu a wata hanya. a harin 9/11.
Memba ɗaya tilo na Majalisa wanda ke da hikima da ƙarfin hali don kada kuri'a a kan 2001 AUMF ita ce Barbara Lee ta Oakland. Lee ya kwatanta shi da ƙudurin Gulf of Tonkin na 1964 kuma ta gargaɗi abokan aikinta cewa ba makawa za a yi amfani da shi ta hanya mai fa'ida da kuma haram. Karshen maganar ta bene magana Echo presciently ta cikin shekaru 20 na rikice-rikice na tashin hankali, hargitsi da laifuffukan yaki da ta haifar, "Yayin da muke aiki, kada mu zama mugunyar da muke zargi."
A wani taro da aka yi a Camp David a karshen wannan makon, Mataimakin Sakatare Wolfowitz ya yi gardama da karfi kan harin da aka kaiwa Iraki, tun kafin Afghanistan. Bush ya dage cewa dole ne Afganistan ta zo ta farko, amma a asirce alkawari Shugaban Hukumar Tsaron Tsaro Richard Perle ya ce Iraki ce za ta kasance a gaba.
A cikin kwanaki bayan 11 ga Satumba, kafofin watsa labarai na kamfanoni na Amurka sun bi tsarin gwamnatin Bush, kuma jama'a sun ji wasu muryoyin da ba a saba gani ba, keɓaɓɓen muryoyi suna tambayar ko yaki ne daidai martani ga laifukan da aka aikata.
Amma tsohon mai gabatar da kara na laifukan yaki na Nuremberg Ben Ferencz yayi magana da NPR (National Public Radio) mako guda bayan 9/11, kuma ya bayyana cewa harin Afganistan ba kawai rashin hikima ba ne da kuma haɗari, amma ba amsa daidai ba ne ga waɗannan laifuka. NPR's Katy Clark ta yi ƙoƙarin fahimtar abin da yake faɗa:
"Clark:
…Shin kuna ganin maganar ramuwar gayya ba ta dace ba game da mutuwar mutane 5,000 (sic)?
Ferencz:
Ba daidai ba ne mayar da martani don hukunta mutanen da ba su da alhakin aikata ba daidai ba.
Clark:
Ba wanda ke cewa za mu hukunta wadanda ba su da hannu a ciki.
Ferencz:
Dole ne mu bambanta tsakanin hukunta masu laifi da kuma hukunta wasu. Idan kawai kuka mayar da martani ga jama'a ta hanyar jefa bama-bamai a Afghanistan, bari mu ce, ko Taliban, za ku kashe mutane da yawa waɗanda ba su yarda da abin da ya faru ba, waɗanda ba su yarda da abin da ya faru ba.
Clark:
Don haka kuna cewa ba ku ga wani rawar da ya dace da sojoji a cikin wannan.
Ferencz:
Ba zan ce babu wata rawar da ta dace ba, amma aikin ya kamata ya yi daidai da manufofinmu. Kada mu bar su su kashe ka'idodinmu a daidai lokacin da suke kashe mutanenmu. Kuma ka’idojin mu su ne mutunta doka. Ba a makanta da kashe mutane saboda hawayenmu da fushinmu sun makantar da mu.”
Gangamin yaƙe-yaƙe ya mamaye sararin samaniya, yana karkatar da 9/11 zuwa labari mai ƙarfi na farfaganda don lalata tsoron ta'addanci da tabbatar da tafiya zuwa yaƙi. Amma yawancin Amurkawa sun yi musayar ra'ayin 'yar majalisa Barbara Lee da Ben Ferencz, sun fahimci isashen tarihin ƙasarsu don gane cewa bala'in 9/11 da aka yi garkuwa da shi daga rukunin soja da masana'antu iri ɗaya ne wanda ya haifar da ɓarna a Vietnam kuma ya ci gaba da haɓaka kansa. bayan tsara don tallafawa da riba daga Yaƙe-yaƙe na Amurka, juyin mulki da soja.
A ranar 28 ga Satumba, 2001 Ma'aikacin Socialist gidan yanar gizon da aka buga kalamai Marubuta 15 da masu fafutuka a karkashin taken, "Me ya sa muka ce a'a ga yaki da ƙiyayya." Sun hada da Noam Chomsky, kungiyar juyin juya hali na matan Afghanistan da ni (Medea). Bayanin namu dai ya dauki hankulan mutane ne kan hare-haren da gwamnatin Bush ke kai wa a cikin gida da waje da kuma shirinta na yaki da kasar Afganistan.
Marigayi malami kuma marubuci Chalmers Johnson ya rubuta cewa 9/11 ba hari ne akan Amurka ba amma "harin kan manufofin Amurka ne." Edward Herman ya annabta "yawan asarar fararen hula." Matt Rothschild, editan Mai Cigaba Mujallar, ta rubuta cewa, "Ga duk wanda Bush ya kashe a wannan yaƙin, 'yan ta'adda biyar ko goma za su tashi." Ni (Medea) ya rubuta cewa " martanin soji zai haifar da ƙiyayya ga Amurka da ta haifar da wannan ta'addanci da farko."
Binciken mu yayi daidai kuma tsinkayar mu ta tabbata. Muna mika kai cikin tawali’u cewa ‘yan jarida da ‘yan siyasa su fara sauraren koke-koken zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a maimakon karya, masu fada a ji.
Abin da ke haifar da bala'o'i kamar yakin Amurka a Afganistan ba shine rashin gamsassun muryoyin yaki da yaki ba amma tsarin siyasarmu da kafofin watsa labaru suna yin watsi da muryoyi kamar na Barbara Lee, Ben Ferencz da kanmu.
Wannan ba don mun yi kuskure ba kuma muryoyin yaƙi da suke saurara daidai ne. Suna mayar da mu saniyar ware domin muna da gaskiya kuma ba daidai ba ne, kuma saboda mummuna, muhawara mai ma'ana game da yaki, zaman lafiya da kashe kudi na soja za su yi illa ga wasu masu karfi da rashawa. abubuwan da ba su da tushe wanda ke mamaye da kuma sarrafa siyasar Amurka bisa tsarin bangaranci.
A cikin kowace rikicin manufofin kasashen waje, kasancewar babban ƙarfin rugujewar sojojin mu da kuma tatsuniyoyi da shugabanninmu ke bayarwa don tabbatar da hakan sun haɗu cikin wata manufa ta son kai da matsin siyasa don tayar da fargabar mu da yin riya cewa akwai “mafita” na soja. su.
Rasa Yaƙin Vietnam babban bincike ne na gaskiya akan iyakokin ƙarfin sojan Amurka. Yayin da kananan hafsoshin da suka yi yaki a Vietnam suka tashi da matsayi don zama shugabannin sojan Amurka, sun yi taka-tsantsan da gaske a cikin shekaru 20 masu zuwa. Amma ƙarshen yakin cacar baka ya buɗe kofa ga ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masu fafutuka waɗanda suka kuduri aniyar cin gajiyar yaƙin cacar baka na Amurka. "power division."
Madeleine Albright ta yi magana game da wannan sabon nau'in war-hawks lokacin da ta fuskanci Janar Colin Powell a cikin 1992 tare da tambayarta, "Mene ne amfanin samun wannan kyakkyawan sojan da kuke magana akai idan ba za mu iya amfani da shi ba?"
A matsayin Sakataren Gwamnati a wa'adi na biyu na Clinton, Albright ya yi aikin injiniya farkon jerin mamayewar Amurka ba bisa ka'ida ba don fitar da Kosovo mai cin gashin kanta daga ragowar Yugoslavia. Lokacin da Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Birtaniya, Robin Cook ya gaya mata cewa gwamnatinsa tana "matsala da lauyoyinmu" game da haramtacciyar shirin yakin NATO, Albright ya ce ya kamata su kawai "samun sababbin lauyoyi. "
A cikin 1990s, neocons da masu shiga tsakani masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun yi watsi da ra'ayin cewa ba soja ba, hanyoyin da ba na tilastawa ba za su iya magance matsalolin manufofin kasashen waje yadda ya kamata ba tare da firgita na yaki ko m. takunkumi. Wannan rukunin yakin basasa guda biyu ya yi amfani da harin 9/11 don ƙarfafawa da faɗaɗa ikonsu akan manufofin ketare na Amurka.
Amma bayan kashe biliyoyin daloli tare da kashe miliyoyin mutane, mummunan tarihin yakin Amurka tun yakin duniya na biyu ya kasance mummunan gazawa da shan kashi, ko da bisa ga sharuddan kansa. Yaƙe-yaƙe guda ɗaya da Amurka ta yi nasara tun 1945 sun kasance iyakance yaƙe-yaƙe don dawo da ƙananan sansanonin mulkin mallaka a Grenada, Panama da Kuwait.
A duk lokacin da Amurka ta fadada burinta na soji na kai hari ko mamaye kasashe mafi girma ko kuma masu cin gashin kai, sakamakon ya zama bala'i a duniya baki daya.
Don haka kasarmu ta banza zuba jari na kashi 66% na kudaden da gwamnatin tarayya ke kashewa a cikin makamai masu lalata, da daukar aiki da horar da matasa Amurkawa don amfani da su, baya sanya mu mafi aminci amma kawai yana ƙarfafa shugabanninmu su saki tashin hankali da hargitsi marasa ma'ana a kan makwabtanmu a duniya.
Yawancin makwabtanmu sun fahimci a yanzu cewa wadannan dakarun da tsarin siyasar Amurka maras aiki da ke rike da su suna da babbar barazana ga zaman lafiya da kuma burinsu na. dimokuradiyya. Mutane kaɗan ne a wasu ƙasashe ke son kowane ɓangaren Yakin Amurka, ko kuma sake farfado da yakin cacar baki da China da Rasha, kuma wadannan abubuwan sun fi bayyana a tsakanin abokan kawancen Amurka na dogon lokaci a Turai da kuma “gidan bayan gida” na gargajiya a Kanada da Latin Amurka.
Oktoba 19, 2001, Donald Rumsfeld yayi jawabi Ma'aikatan jirgin B-2 a Whiteman AFB da ke Missouri a lokacin da suke shirin tashi a fadin duniya domin daukar fansa kan al'ummar Afganistan da suka dade suna shan wahala. Ya ce musu: “Muna da zabi biyu. Ko dai mu canza yadda muke rayuwa, ko kuma mu canja salon rayuwarsu. Mun zabi na karshen. Kuma ku ne za ku taimaka wajen cimma wannan buri”.
Yanzu faduwa bisa 80,000 Bama-bamai da makamai masu linzami kan al'ummar Afganistan tsawon shekaru 20 sun kasa canza salon rayuwarsu, baya ga kashe dubban daruruwansu da lalata gidajensu, a maimakon haka, kamar yadda Rumsfeld ya ce, mu canza salon rayuwarmu.
Ya kamata mu fara da a karshe sauraron Barbara Lee. Da farko, ya kamata mu zartar da kudirin ta na soke AUMF guda biyu bayan 9/11 da suka kaddamar da fiasco na shekaru 20 a Afghanistan da sauran yaƙe-yaƙe a Iraki, Siriya, Libiya, Somaliya da Yemen.
Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata mu wuce lissafinta don sake turawa $ 350 biliyan a kowace shekara daga kasafin kudin soja na Amurka (kusan rage kashi 50%) don "ƙara iyawar diflomasiyya da shirye-shiryen cikin gida waɗanda za su ci gaba da kiyaye al'ummarmu da jama'armu."
A ƙarshe ƙarfafawa a cikin yaƙin neman zaɓe na Amurka zai zama martani mai hikima da dacewa ga babban abin da ya faru a Afganistan, kafin ire-iren abubuwan da suka lalata su jawo mu cikin yaƙe-yaƙe masu haɗari da makiya masu ƙarfi fiye da Taliban.
Medea Biliyaminu shi ne mai haɓaka CODEPINK don Aminci, kuma marubucin littattafai da yawa, gami da A cikin Iran: Gaskiya da Tarihin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran.
Nicolas JS Davies ɗan jarida ne mai zaman kansa, mai bincike tare da CODEPINK kuma marubucin Blood On Our Hands: Ƙasar Amirka da Rushewar Iraq.
