Sojoji na Amurka a cikin Caribbean, Tsakiya da Kudancin Amirka

Gabatarwa ga Taro na Duniya na 4th don Aminci da Rushe Harkokin Sojan Kasashen waje
Guantanamo, Kyuba
Nuwamba 23-24, 2015
Ta Wakilin Rundunar Sojojin Amurka (An Kashe) da Tsohon Jami'ar Amurka, Ann Wright

Na farko, bari in gode wa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Duniya (WPC) da kuma Cibiyar Cuban na Peace and Sovereign of the People (MovPaz), Gwamnonin Yanki na WPC don Amurka da Caribbean, don tsarawa da kuma karɓar taro ta 4th International don Zaman Lafiya da Kashewa na Ƙananan Sojan Kasashen waje.

Ina alfaharin yin magana a wannan taron musamman game da buƙatar soke sansanonin sojan Amurka a cikin Caribbean, Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Na farko, bari in bayyana a madadin wakilai daga Amurka, kuma musamman wakilanmu tare da CODEPINK: Mata don Aminci, muna neman afuwa game da ci gaba da kasancewar Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka a nan Guantanamo da kuma kurkukun sojan Amurka da ya sanya duhu inuwa kan sunan kyakkyawan garinku na Guantanamo.

Muna kira don rufe gidan kurkuku da kuma dawowar rundunar sojin Amurka bayan shekaru 112 zuwa masu haƙƙin mallaka, mutanen Cuba. Duk wani kwangila don yin amfani da ƙasa a cikin har abada wanda aka kafa ta wata kotu mai cin amana na kwangilar ba zai iya tsayawa ba. Jirgin Naval na Amurka a Guantanamo ba wajibi ne ga tsarin tsaron Amurka ba. Maimakon haka, hakan yana cutar da tsaron kasa na Amurka kamar sauran kasashe kuma mutane sun ga abin da ya faru-wuka a cikin zuciyar juyin juya halin Cuban, juyin juya halin da Amurka ta yi ƙoƙarin kawar da shi tun daga 1958.

Ina so in gane mambobin kungiyar 85 daga wakilai daban-daban daga Amurka-60 daga CODEPINK: Mata don Aminci, 15 daga shaida game da azabtarwa da kuma 10 daga Ƙungiyar Anti-War na United. Dukkancin sun kasance manufofin da gwamnatin Amurka ta yi a shekarun da suka gabata, musamman tattalin arziki da kudi na Cuba, dawowar Cuban biyar da kuma sake dawo da ƙasar ta Guantanamo.

Abu na biyu, Ni dan takara ne a cikin taron na yau saboda kwanakin 40 na kusa na aiki a gwamnatin Amurka. Na yi shekaru 29 a sojojin Amurka / Sojojin soja kuma sun yi ritaya a matsayin Kanar. Ni kuma jami'in diflomasiyyar Amurka ne na shekaru 16 kuma na yi aiki a jakadan Amurka a Nicaragua, Grenada, Somaliya, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Saliyo, Micronesia, Afghanistan da kuma Mongoliya.

Duk da haka, a watan Maris na 2003, na kasance daya daga cikin ma'aikatan gwamnati uku na Amurka waɗanda suka yi murabus na adawa da yakin Shugaba Bush akan Iraki. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ni, da kuma mafi yawan mutane a cikin tawagarmu, sun kasance manufofin da suka shafi kalubale na Bush da Obama a kan wasu batutuwa na kasa da kasa da na gida ciki har da ƙaddamarwa mai tsanani, ɗaurin kurkuku ba bisa doka ba, azabtarwa, kisa, ƙetare 'yan sanda, ɗaukar kisa , da kuma sansanin soji na Amurka a duniya, ciki har da magungunan sojan Amirka da kuma kurkuku a Guantanamo.

Na kasance na karshe a Guantanamo a 2006 tare da tawagar CODEPINK da suka gudanar da zanga-zangar a ƙofar baya ta sojojin soja na Amurka don rufe kurkuku da kuma dawo da tushe zuwa Cuba. Tare da mu shi ne daya daga cikin fursunoni na farko da za a saki, dan Birtaniya, Asif Iqbal. Duk da yake a nan mun nuna kimanin mutane dubu daya a babban gidan wasan kwaikwayon a birnin Guantanamo da kuma mambobin kungiyar diplomasiyya lokacin da muka koma Havana, fim din "The Road to Guantanamo," labarin yadda Asif da wasu biyu suka zo kasance a kurkuku ta Amurka. A lokacin da muka tambayi Asif idan ya yi la'akari da komawa Kyuba a cikin tawagarmu bayan shekaru 3 na ɗaurin kurkuku, ya ce, "Na'am, Ina so in ga Cuba da kuma saduwa da Cubans-duk abin da na gani lokacin da na kasance Amurkawa."

Mahaifiyar da ɗan'uwana na har yanzu kurkuku dan Birtaniya mai zaman kansa Omar Deghayes ya shiga tawagarmu, kuma ba zan taba manta da mahaifiyar Omar da ke dubawa ta hanyar shinge na tushe ba: "Kuna tsammani Omar ya san muna nan?" Sauran duniya sun san ta ya kasance kamar watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na kasa da kasa daga waje da shinge ya kawo kalmominta ga duniya. Bayan da aka saki Omar bayan shekara daya, sai ya gaya wa mahaifiyarsa cewa wani mai kula da shi ya gaya masa cewa mahaifiyarsa tana waje da kurkuku, amma Omar, ba abin mamaki bane, bai san ko ya yarda da mai tsaro ba ko a'a.

Bayan kusan shekaru 14 na kurkuku a kurkuku na Guantanamo, 'yan jarida 112 sun kasance. 52 daga cikinsu an barrantar da su don kwanakin da suka wuce kuma har yanzu ana gudanar da su, kuma ba tare da fahimta ba, Amurka ta nace cewa za a tsare 46 a kurkuku har abada ba tare da cajin ko fitina ba.

Bari in tabbatar muku, mutane da yawa, yawancin mu ci gaba da gwagwarmayarmu a Amurka da ke buƙatar fitina ga dukan fursunoni da kuma rufe kurkuku a Guantanamo.

Tarihin tarihin shekaru goma sha huɗu da suka wuce a Amurka sun kulle 779 mutane daga kasashe 48 a wani sansanin sojan Amurka a Cuba a matsayin wani ɓangare na yakin duniya na "ta'addanci" ya nuna tunanin tunanin wadanda ke jagorancin Amurka - sa baki daya ga duniya dalilai na siyasa ko tattalin arziki, mamayewa, zama wasu ƙasashe kuma ya bar asusun soja a wadannan ƙasashe shekaru da yawa.

Yanzu, game da magana game da wasu sansanonin Amurka a Yammacin Hasashen yamma - Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka da Caribbean.

Rahoton Ma'aikatar Tsaro na Ƙungiyar 2015 ta Amurka ta nuna cewa DOD na da mallaka a cikin asusun 587 a ƙasashen 42, yawancin da ke cikin Jamus (181 sites), Japan (122 sites), da Koriya ta Kudu (83 sites). Ma'aikatar Tsaro kayyade 20 na asusun waje na asibiti, 16 a matsayin matsakaici, 482 a matsayin ƙanana da 69 a matsayin "sauran shafuka."

Wadannan karami da "sauran shafuka" ana kiransu "lily pads" kuma suna cikin wurare masu nisa kuma suna da asiri ne ko kuma sun yarda da su don su guje wa zanga-zangar wanda zai haifar da hani akan amfani da su. Suna da yawancin ma'aikatan soja da babu iyalai. Wasu lokuta suna amsawa ga kamfanonin soja masu zaman kansu wanda ayyukan da gwamnatin Amurka ta yi na iya ƙaryatãwa. Don kula da ƙananan bayanan martaba, asali suna ɓoye ne a cikin sansanonin ƙasashen waje ko a gefen filin jirgin sama fararen hula.

A cikin shekaru biyu da suka wuce na yi saurin tafiya zuwa Central da Kudancin Amirka. A wannan shekara, 2015, na tafi El Salvador da Chile tare da Makarantar Watsa Labarun Amirka da 2014 zuwa Costa Rica kuma a farkon wannan shekara zuwa Cuba tare da CODEPINK: Mata don Aminci.

Kamar yadda mafi yawan ku san, Makarantar Makarantar Amirka Ƙungiya ce da ke da rubuce da suna da yawa masu digiri na makarantar soja na Amurka da aka fara kira School of Americas, wanda yanzu ake kira Cibiyar Harkokin Tsaro na Yammacin Turai (WHINSEC), wadanda suka azabtar da kashe mutane daga ƙasashensu wadanda ke adawa da manufofin gwamnatocin su - a Honduras, Guatemala , El Salvador, Chile, Argentina. Wasu daga cikin wadanda suka fi sani da wadannan masu kisan da suka nemi mafaka a Amurka a cikin 1980s an sake dawowa zuwa ƙasashensu na gida, musamman ga El Salvador, da sha'awa, ba saboda laifin da aka sani ba, amma saboda cin zarafi na Amurka.

A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka wuce, SOA Watch ta gudanar da bikin tunawa da ranar 3 wanda dubban dubban mutane suka halarta a sabon gidan SOA a sansanin soja na Amurka a Fort Benning, dake Georgia don tunatar da sojojin soja na tarihin makarantar. Bugu da ƙari, SOA Watch ya aiko wakilan zuwa kasashen da ke tsakiya da kudancin Amirka suna rokon gwamnatoci su dakatar da aika da sojan su a wannan makaranta. Kasashe biyar, Venezuela, Argentina, Ecuador, Bolivia da Nicaragua sun janye sojan su daga makaranta kuma saboda yunkurin da Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka ta yi, SOA Watch ya zo cikin kuri'u biyar na majalisar wakilai na Amurka da suka rufe makarantar. Amma, bakin ciki, har yanzu yana buɗewa.

Ina so in gane 78 mai shekaru JoAnn Lingle wanda aka kama domin kalubalanci Makarantar Amurkan kuma an yanke masa hukumcin watanni 2 a gidan yari na Amurka. Kuma ina so in gane kowa a cikin tawagarmu na Amurka wanda aka kama saboda tashin hankali da rashin amincewar manufofin gwamnatin Amurka. Muna da akalla 20 daga wakilanmu wanda aka kama da kuma tafi kurkuku saboda adalci.

A wannan shekara, wakilan SOA Watch, tare da shugaban El El Salvador, tsohon FMLN Commandante, da Ministan Tsaro na Chile, sun bukaci wadannan ƙasashe su dakatar da tura ma'aikatan soji a makarantar. Sakamakon su ya nuna tasirin yanar gizo na sojojin Amurka da aiwatar da doka a cikin waɗannan ƙasashe. Shugaban kasar El Salvador, Salvador Sanchez Ceren, ya ce kasarsa ta rage yawan sojojin da aka tura zuwa makarantun Amurka, amma ba zai iya yanke dangantaka da makarantar Amurka ba saboda wasu shirye-shiryen Amurka kan yaki da kwayoyi da ta'addanci, ciki har da Kwalejin Ƙa'ida ta Dokoki ta Duniya (ILEA) da aka gina a El Salvador, bayan da jama'a suka ki amincewa da makaman da aka gina a Costa Rica.

Shirin na ILEA shine "magance fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi na kasa da kasa, ta'addanci, da ta'addanci ta hanyar haɓaka hadin gwiwa ta duniya." Duk da haka, mutane da yawa suna damuwa cewa irin yadda za a yi amfani da hanyoyin da 'yan sanda ke yi a cikin Amurka da masu koyarwa. A El Salvador, 'yan sanda suna fuskantar gangs an kafa su ne a cikin' 'mintin' yan sanda 'ko kuma' yan sanda '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' yan sanda. Kayan aiki. El Salvador yanzu yana da suna "babban kisan kai" na Amurka ta tsakiya.

Yawancin basu san cewa na biyu hukumomin doka na Amurka sun kasance a Lima, Peru. An kira shi Cibiyar Nazarin Yanki kuma aikinsa shine "fadada dangantaka ta tsawon lokaci tare da jami'an kasashen waje don magance laifin duniya da kuma goyon bayan mulkin demokra] iyya ta hanyar ƙarfafa dokoki da 'yancin bil adama a ayyukan' yan sanda na kasa da kasa."

A wani tafiya tare da SOA Watch, lokacin da muka ziyarci Ministan tsaron kasar Jose Antonio Gomez, ya ce ya karbi buƙatun da dama daga sauran kungiyoyin 'yancin ɗan adam don rabu da dangantaka da makarantar soja ta Amurka kuma ya nemi taimakon sojojin Chile rahoton game da bukatar ci gaba da aikawa da ma'aikatan zuwa gare shi.

Duk da haka, dangantakar da ke tsakanin Amurka da Amurka tana da mahimmanci cewa Chile ta karbi dala miliyan 465 daga Amurka don gina wani sabon sansanin soji mai suna Fuerte Aguayo don inganta horo a ayyukan soja a cikin birane a matsayin ayyukan kiyaye zaman lafiya. Masu faɗar sun ce sojojin ƙasar Chile sun riga sun sami kayan aikin horo na zaman lafiya da kuma cewa sabon tushe shine ya ba Amurka girma tasiri a cikin harkokin tsaro na Chile.

'Yan Chilean sun yi zanga-zanga a wannan wurin da wakilai shiga a cikin daya daga cikin wadanda vigils.

Sake amsawa ga shigarwar Fort Aguayo, Hukumar Kwararrun NGO na Kasa ta Tarayya kan Torture rubuta game da rawar da Amurka ta taka a Fuerte Aguayo da zanga-zangar da 'yan ƙasar Chile suka yi a kanta: “Sarauta tana hannun mutane. Ba za a iya rage tsaro zuwa kare bukatun 'yan canjin… Ya kamata sojoji su kare' yancin kasa ba. Duƙar da kai ga umarnin sojojin Arewacin Amurka ya zama cin amanar ƙasa. ” Kuma, "Mutane suna da halal ɗin haƙƙin shirya da yin zanga-zanga a fili."

Ya kamata a kara yawan aikin soja da Amurka ke gudanarwa tare da mafi yawan ƙasashen yammacin Hemisphere a batun batun asibitoci na kasashen waje yayin da aka kawo yawancin sojojin Amurka a yankin na dogon lokaci ta amfani da '' 'wucin gadi' na kasashe masu karfin.

A 2015 Amurka ta gudanar da ayyukan 6 mafi girma na yanki a yankin Yammacin Yamma. Lokacin da tawagarmu ta kasance a Chile a watan Oktobar, mai ba da agaji na Amurka Amurka George Washington, wani sansanin soja na Amurka da kansa da wasu jiragen sama, jiragen sama da jiragen ruwa na jiragen sama, da kuma wasu jiragen ruwa guda hudu na Amurka a cikin ruwa na Chile da ke aiki a yayin da Chile ke gudanar da ayyukan na UNITAS na shekara-shekara. . Ƙungiyoyin Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, New Zealand da Panama sun kasance shiga.

Dogon lokacin da abokan hulɗa tsakanin shugabannin sojoji, da kuma aiki mai dorewa, wani bangare ne na dangantakar soja da ya kamata muyi la'akari tare da asusunmu. Yayinda tawagarmu ta kasance a Chile, David Petraeus, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Amurka da kuma shugaban kungiyar CIA, ya isa Santiago, Chile don halartar ganawa da shugaban sojojin kasar Chile wanda ke nuna goyon baya ga ci gaba da dangantaka tsakanin sojoji da jami'an ritaya yan kwangila masu zaman kansu da kuma manema labaru na manema labarai na gwamnatin Amurka.

Wani bangare na aikin soja na Amurka shi ne aikin da ya dace na jama'a da shirye-shiryen agajin jin kai a hanya, aikin ginin makarantu da kuma ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da ke ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya a wuya don isa wurare a ƙasashen yammacin Yammacin Turai. 17 US Jihohin Tsaro na Ƙungiyar Jakadancin Amirka na da haɗin gwiwa na soja da na soja tare da tsaro da tsaro a kasashen 22 a Caribbean, Amurka ta tsakiya da Amurka ta Kudu. Wannan Shirin Harkokin Kasuwanci na Ƙasar Amirka mayar da hankali da yawa a kan ayyukan da aka yi na al'ada wanda ya faru sau da yawa cewa sojojin Amurka suna ci gaba da zama a ƙasashe, ta hanyar amfani da sansanonin sojan kasar da kansu a lokacin ayyukan.

Sojan Amurka a sansanonin yammaci

Guantanamo Bay, Kuba–Ba shakka, mafi shahararren sansanin sojan Amurka a Yammacin Hemisphere yana Cuba, mil mil da yawa daga nan-Guantanamo Bay US Naval Station wanda Amurka ta mamaye tun shekaru 112 tun 1903. A cikin shekaru 14 da suka gabata, yana da ya kasance sanannen gidan kurkukun soja na Guantanamo inda Amurka ta tsare mutane 779 daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Fursunoni 8 ne kawai na 779 aka yanke wa hukunci - kuma wadanda daga kotun soja ta sirri. Fursunoni 112 sun rage daga cikinsu wanda gwamnatin Amurka ta ce 46 ba su da hatsarin gaske don gwada su a kotu kuma za su ci gaba da zama a kurkuku ba tare da fitina ba.

Sauran asusun soja na Amurka a cikin Kogin Yammacin Turai a waje da Amurka sun haɗa da:

Ƙungiyar hadin gwiwar hadin gwiwa ta hadin guiwa - Soto Cano Air Base, Honduras. (Asar Amirka ta tsoma baki ko mamaye Honduras har sau takwas — a cikin 1903, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1919,1920, 1924 da 1925. Amurka ta gina Soto Cano Air Base a 1983 a matsayin wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwar CIA- taimakon soja ga Contras, waɗanda ke yunƙurin kifar da juyin juya halin Sandinista a Nicaragua. Yanzu ana amfani dashi azaman tushe don aiwatar da ayyukan ɗan adam na Amurka da ayyukan jinƙai da ayyukan hana shigar miyagun ƙwayoyi. Amma tana da filin jirgin sama wanda sojojin Honduran suka yi amfani da shi a juyin mulkin 2009 daga inda za su fitar da zababben shugaban Demokradiyya Zelaya daga kasar. Tun 2003, Majalisa ta ware dala miliyan 45 don kayan aiki na dindindin. A cikin shekaru biyu tsakanin 2009 da 2011, yawan mutanen da aka kafa ya karu da kashi 20 cikin ɗari. A cikin 2012, Amurka ta kashe dala miliyan 67 a kwangilar soja a Honduras. Akwai sojoji da fararen hula fiye da 1300 a kan ginin, wanda ya ninka sau 300 fiye da mutum XNUMX na Honduran Air Force Academy, babban baƙon rundunar Amurkan "baƙi."

{Asar Amirka ta} ara yawan taimakon agaji ga Honduras, duk da karuwa da 'yan sanda da kuma tashin hankalin soja a mutuwar dubban dubbai a Honduras.

Comalapa - El Salvador. An bude tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin 2000 bayan da sojojin Amurka suka bar Panama a 1999 kuma Pentagon ya buƙaci sabon wurin aiki na gaba don yin amfani da jiragen ruwan teku don tallafawa manyan ƙasashe masu amfani da miyagun kwayoyi. Ƙungiyar Tsaron Tsaro (CSL) Comalapa yana da ma'aikatan 25 har abada da aka ba ma'aikatan soja da 40 farar hula.

Aruba da Curacao - Yankunan Holland guda biyu a tsibirin Caribbean suna da asusun soja na Amurka waɗanda aka tashe su da yaki da jiragen ruwa da jiragen sama da kuma wanda ya samo asali a kudancin Amirka kuma daga baya suka wuce ta Caribbean zuwa Mexico da Amurka. Gwamnatin Venezuelan ta yi jayayya cewa ana amfani da waɗannan asusun. by Washington don rahõto a kan Caracas. A cikin Janairu 2010 wani kayan tsaro na Amurka P-3 jirgin sama ya bar Curacao kuma yayi kuskuren yanayi na Venezuela.

Antigua & Barbuda - Amurka tana aiki da wani tashar jiragen sama a Antigua wanda ke da tasirin C-Band wanda ke biye da tauraron dan adam. Za a tura radar zuwa Australia, amma Amurka na iya ci gaba da samun karamin tashar iska.

Andros Island, Bahamas -Markin Amurka a kan wuraren 6 dake tsibirin tsibirin na Aikin Gida da Cibiyar Bayar da Aikin Ƙungiyar Atlantic (AUTEC) suna bunkasa sababbin kayan fasaha na sojan ruwa, kamar su na'urori masu gwagwarmaya.

Colombia - 2 US DOD wurare a Colombia an lasafta su a matsayin "wasu shafuka" da kuma a shafi na 70 na Taswirar Bincike na tushen kuma ya kamata a dauka a matsayin mai nisa,Lamp pads. ” A cikin 2008, Washington da Colombia sun sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar soja inda Amurka za ta kirkiro sansanonin soja guda takwas a wannan kasar ta Kudancin Amurka don yaki da masu fataucin miyagun kwayoyi da kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye. Koyaya, Kotun Tsarin Mulki na Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya yanke hukuncin cewa ba zai yiwu ba ga sojojin da ba 'yan Colombian ba su kasance na dindindin a kasar, amma har yanzu Amurka na da sojojin Amurka da wakilan DEA a cikin kasar.

Costa Rica - 1 US DOD wuri a Costa Rica aka jera a matsayin "sauran shafukan" a shafi na 70 na Sashin Tsarin Tushen - wani "sauran shafin" "Lily pad, ”Duk da cewa gwamnatin Costa Rica ya musun wani shigarwar soja na Amurka.

Lima, Peru - Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Magunguna na Naval na Amurka Na #6 na Lima ne, Peru a asibitin Naval na Peruvian, yana gudanar da bincike kan kuma kula da cututtukan cututtukan da ke barazana ga ayyukan soja a yankin, ciki har da malaria da dengue zazzabi, da kuma typhoid zazzabi. Sauran Cibiyar Nazarin Naval na Amurka na kasashen waje suna cikin Singapore, Cairo da Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

Don rufe ta gabatarwa, Ina so in ambaci wani bangare na duniya inda Amurka ke kara yawan dakarunta. A watan Disamba, zan kasance wani bangare na Tsoffin Sojoji don wakilan Zaman Lafiya zuwa Tsibirin Jeju, Koriya ta Kudu da zuwa Henoko, Okinawa inda ake gina sabbin sansanonin soji don “madogara” ta Amurka zuwa Asiya da Pacific. Kasancewa tare da 'yan asalin waɗannan ƙasashe don ƙalubalantar yarjejeniyar gwamnatocinsu don ba da damar amfani da ƙasarsu don faɗaɗa sawun sojojin Amurka a duk duniya, mun yarda cewa ban da tashin hankali ga mutane, asusun soja suna ba da ƙarfi ga tashin hankali zuwa duniyarmu. Makamai na soja da ababen hawa sune tsarin da ke da haɗarin muhalli a duniya tare da zubewar su mai guba, haɗari, da gangan zubar da abubuwa masu haɗari da dogaro kan burbushin halittu.

{Ungiyarmu na godiya ga masu shirya taron don samun damar kasancewa tare da ku da sauransu daga ko'ina cikin duniya wanda ke da damuwa sosai game da asusun soja na kasashen waje kuma mun yi alkawarin ci gaba da kokarinmu na rufe rufe jirgin saman Amurka da kurkuku a Guantanamo da kuma sansanin Amurka. duniya.