Kamfanonin Sojojin Burtaniya da na Makamai sun samar da Emarin Carbon Carbon fiye da ƙasashe 60

Ta hannun Matt Kennard da Mark Curtis, 19 ga Mayu, 2020

daga Daily Maverick

Na farko lissafin mai zaman kansa nau'ikan su ya gano cewa sashin masana'antu na Birtaniyya a kowace shekara yana fitar da gas mai gas fiye da ƙasashe 60 na ƙasashe, irin su Uganda, waɗanda ke da mutane miliyan 45.

Militaryungiyar sojan Burtaniya ta ba da gudummawar tan miliyan 6.5 na carbon dioxide wanda ya yi daidai da yanayin duniya a cikin shekarar 2017-2018 - sabuwar shekara ce wacce ake samun duk bayanan. Daga cikin waɗannan, rahoton ya yi kiyasin cewa Ma'aikatar Defence's (MOD) jimlar iskar gas ta kai tsaye a cikin 2017-2018 sun kasance tan miliyan 3.03 na carbon dioxide daidai.

Adadin don MOD ya fi sau uku matakin 0.94 miliyan ton na carbon carbon da aka ruwaito a cikin babban rahoton rahoton shekara-shekara na MOD, kuma ya yi kama da watsi da masana'antar kera motocin Ingila.

Sabon rahoton, wanda Dakta Stuart Parkinson na Masana kimiyya ya rubuta na Haƙƙin Duniya, ya gano cewa'san zamani na Biritaniya suna "yaudarar" jama'a game da matakan gurɓataccen carbon.

Binciken ya kuma yi amfani da wata hanya don yin lissafin watsi da iskar carbon ta sojojin UK - bisa la’akari da kashe kudaden tsaro na shekara-shekara - wanda ya gano cewa “sawun dutsen carbon” na sojojin Burtaniya ya kai tan miliyan 11 na carbon dioxide kwatankwacin. Wannan ya fi sau 11 girma fiye da alkaluman da aka ambata a cikin babban rubutun rahoton rahotanni na shekara-shekara na MOD.

Ana lissafin sawun carbon din ta amfani da “hanyar tushen amfani”, wanda ya hada da dukkan abubuwan da ake amfani da su na rayuwa, kamar wadanda suka fito kasashen waje daga hako albarkatun kasa da kuma zubar da kayan sharar.

Rahoton zai tayar da sababbin tambayoyi game da ƙaddamar da MOD don magance manyan barazanar zuwa Birtaniya. Kungiyar ta ce babban aikinta shi ne "kare Burtaniya" kuma tana la’akari da canjin yanayi - wanda galibi yake haifar da karuwar iskar carbon - a matsayin babban tsaro barazana.

Wani babban hafsan sojan Ingila, Rear Admiral Neil Morisetti, ya ce a cikin 2013 cewa barazanar da ke tattare da tsaron Burtaniya ta hanyar canjin yanayi ya yi kama da wanda harin ta'addanci da ta'addanci ke haifar da shi.

Rikicin Covid-19 ya haifar da da kira ta hanyar masana don kimanta mahimmancin tsaron Birtaniyya da tsaro. Rahoton ya yi gargadin cewa manyan ayyukan soja nan gaba za su “haifar da karuwa mai yawa” a cikin iskar gas, amma wadannan ba su yi la'akari da shawarar gwamnati ba.

Aikin soja kamar tura jirage masu saukar ungulu, jiragen ruwa da tankoki, da kuma amfani da sansanonin sojan kasashen waje, na da matukar karfi kuma yana dogaro ne da burbushin mai.

Kamfanoni na makamai

Rahoton ya kuma bincika iskar carbon da aka samar ta hanyar manyan kamfanoni 25 na kasar Burtaniya da sauran manyan masu samar da kayayyaki ga kungiyar ta zamani, wadanda suke daukar kusan mutane 85,000. Ya lissafa cewa masana'antar makamai ta Burtaniya na fitar da tan miliyan 1.46 na carbon dioxide daidai a shekara, matakin da ya yi kama da watsi da duk jirage a cikin Ingila.

BAE Systems, babbar kamfanin hada-hadar makamai na Burtaniya, ya ba da gudummawar kashi 30 cikin dari na masana'antar sarrafa makamai ta Biritaniya. Manyan fitattun na gaba sune Babcock International (6%) da Leonardo (5%).

Dangane da tallace-tallace da aka kimanta a kan dala biliyan 9, rahoton ya kiyasta cewa ƙafar carbon dillalan kayan da UK ke fitarwa na kayan sojoji a cikin shekarar 2017-2018 ya kasance tan miliyan 2.2 na carbon dioxide daidai.

Rahoton ya gabatar da tambayoyi game da gaskiyar kamfani na kamfanin mallakar makaman masu zaman kansu idan aka zo batun rahoton muhalli. Ya gano cewa kamfanoni bakwai na Burtaniya ba su bayar da “mafi mahimmancin bayani ba” game da hayakin carbon a cikin rahotonsu na shekara-shekara. Kamfanoni biyar - MBDA, AirTanker, Elbit, Leidos Turai da WFEL - ba su samar da bayanai game da adadin kuzarinsu kwata-kwata ba.

Kamfani guda ɗaya ne kawai ke samar da Mod, kamfanin sadarwa na BT, yana ba da ƙididdigar zurfi game da iskar gas na kai tsaye da kuma ta kai tsaye a cikin rahotonta na shekara.

'Misalin bayar da rahoto'

Rahoton ya gano cewa isa'idar ta zamani “mai hankali ne sosai cikin bayanai da kuma bayanai masu alaƙa dangane da tasirin muhallinsa” da ta buga, wanda aka “ɓata lokaci sau da yawa”.

Kungiyar '' MOD 'ta yi rahoton fitar da hayakinta a wani sashe na rahotonta na shekara mai taken "Tsarin Cigaba da Tsayi". Tana rarrabe ayyukanta a manyan yankuna biyu: Estates, wanda ya hada da barikin sojoji da gine-ginen farar hula; da kuma iyawa, wanda ya haɗa da jiragen ruwa, jiragen ruwa, jirage masu saukar ungulu, tankuna da sauran kayan aikin soja.

Amma alkalumma kan watsi da carbon carbon na zamani na MOD suna samar da murfin Estates ne kawai bawai damar iya yin komai ba, an bayyana karshen wannan a cikin hanyar neman shiga ne kawai da shekara biyu bayan shekarar rahoton.

Alkalumma sun nuna cewa iskar gas na gas mai karfin iko ya wuce kashi 60% na duka na zamani. Marubutan sun lura cewa "Tsarin bayar da rahoton wata alama alama alama ce ta Tsayayyar Rana a cikin shekaru da yawa".

Wasu keɓaɓɓun ayyukan soja an kebe su daga dokokin muhalli na farar hula - inda MOD ya yanke shawara cewa akwai "buƙatar tsaro" - kuma wannan, rahoton ya ba da hujja, kuma ya shawo kan bayar da rahoto da ƙa'idoji.

Rahoton ya kara da cewa: '' MODa'idar zamani da sauran sassanta, gami da mafi yawan 'yan kwangilar kwastomomi wadanda ke aiki a ma'aikatar da mambobinsu, sun fada karkashin dokar Kawance ta Crown Sabili da haka ba a karkashin dokar tilasta aiwatar da Hukumar Muhalli, "in ji rahoton.

Amfani da muggan makamai a fagen fama kuma yana iya haifar da adadin gurɓataccen carbon, kuma yana da wasu tasirin muhalli, amma isasshen bayanan da za'a iya lissafa irin wannan lalacewar babu.

Amma rahoton ya gano cewa iskar gas na iskar gas na zamani ya fadi da kimanin kashi 50% cikin shekaru 10 daga 2007-08 zuwa 2017-18. Muhimmin dalilai shi ne cewa Burtaniya ta rage girman ayyukanta a cikin Iraki da Afghanistan, sannan ta rufe sansanonin soji sakamakon kashe kudaden da gwamnatin David Cameron ta bayar a matsayin wani bangare na manufofin ta "tawaye".

Rahoton ya bayar da hujjar cewa ba zai yiwu a fitar da kayan soja a gaba nan gaba ba, in da aka ambaci karin kudaden da ake kashewa wajen kashe kudaden sojoji, manyan motocin dakon makamashi kamar sabbin jiragen sama biyu na Burtaniya, da kuma fadada sansanonin sojan kasashen waje.

Rahoton ya ce "babban canji ne kawai ga dabarun soja a Burtaniya ... da alama hakan zai iya haifar da karancin tasirin muhalli, gami da kwararar iskar gas."

Binciken ya bayar da hujjar cewa manufofin Burtaniya ya kamata su gabatar da tsarin "tsaron lafiyar mutum" da ke mai da hankali kan magance talauci, rashin lafiya, rashin daidaito da rikice-rikicen muhalli, yayin rage girman amfani da karfi. "Wannan ya hada da cikakken shirin 'musayar makamai' wanda ya hada da dukkanin kamfanonin UK da suka dace, gami da bada kudade domin maido da ma'aikata."

Sauran mahimman batutuwan muhalli ana bincika su a cikin rahoton. MODungiyar ta zamani ta yi ritayar jiragen ruwa masu amfani da makamashin nukiliya guda 20 daga sabis tun a 1980, duk suna da dumbin abubuwa masu lahani masu haɗari - amma ba a kammala kawar da ɗayansu ba.

Rahoton ya lissafa cewa har yanzu MOD yana buƙatar zubar da ton 4,500 na kayan haɗari daga waɗannan baƙin ƙarfe, tare da ton 1,000 a cikin haɗari musamman. Har zuwa 1983, Mod kawai ya share datti na rediyo daga tsarin makaman sa a teku.

Kungiyar ta ki yin sharhi.

 

Matt Kennard shine shugaban bincike, Mark Curtis kuma edita ne, a Jaridar Declassified UK, ativeungiyar binciken aikin jarida ta mai da hankali ne akan manufofin ƙasashen waje, soja da leken asirin Burtaniya. Twitter - @DeclassifiedUK. Za ka iya ba da gudummawa ga Declassified UK anan.