Gabatarwar Taro na VI game da Rushe Harkokin Soja na Ƙasashen waje
Guantanamo, Cuba, Mayu 4-6, 2019
Daga Kanal Ann Wright
Dole ne in fara gabatarwa tare da neman afuwa ga mutanen Cuba saboda kasata, Amurka ta mallaki ƙasar Cuban don mallakar Naval Base na Guantanamo, sansanin soja da Amurka ta fi dadewa a waje da Amurka da gidaje a baya Shekaru 18 gidan kurkuku mara kyau wanda ke can.
Har ila yau ina rokon gafarar takunkumin da Amurka ta dauka kan mutanen Cuba a kan shekaru 50 a matsayin ta'addanci na tattalin arziki da kuma nau'i na fargaba da kuma karbar fansa don ba da yarda da nufin Amurka a kan shekaru 61, tun lokacin juyin juya halin Cuban.
Har ila yau, na yi wa Shugaban Cibiyar Cibiyar Cuban Aminiya ta Cuban (ICAP), Fernando Gonzalez, hukuncin kisa, a {asar Amirka da sauran wa] anda aka fi sani da Cuban biyar, wanda aka tsare su a haramtacciyar {asar Amirka.
Ina kuma so in nemi gafarar mutanen Venezuela da Nicaragua saboda rawar da Amurka ta taka a yunƙurin kifar da zaɓaɓɓun gwamnatocin ƙasashensu da takunkumin da Amurka ta sanya wa waɗannan ƙasashe. Ina kuma neman afuwa ga jama'ar Honduras kan rawar da Amurka ta taka wajen kifar da gwamnatinsu. A halin yanzu, bisa bukatar Gwamnatin Venezuela, abokai a Washington, DC suna mamaye Ofishin Jakadancin na Venezuela don hana masu yunkurin juyin mulkin Juan Guaido daga mamaye ofishin Jakadancin.
Yanzu ga batun don gabatarwa. 70th ranar tunawa da yungiyar Yarjejeniyar Taron Arewacin Atlantika (NATO) da aka gudanar a Washington, DC Afrilu 3 da 4 ga Afrilu, 2019. Kungiyoyi da yawa sun zo Washington don ƙalubalantar hanyar adawa da Rasha wanda ya sanya Turai ta zama wani yanki na rikici bayan fiye da shekaru 25 na Cold Yaƙi ya ɓace cikin tarihi.
A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, Amurka da NATO sun kulla yarjejeniyar soja a kasashen Baltic, Scandinavia da Eastern Turai a kan iyakar Rasha.
A Estonia, akwai tashar NATO da ake kira Battalion ta Ingila da kuma ƙungiyar 800 daga Denmark da Faransa tare da 4 Jamus na jiragen saman Typhoon da ke yin fasinjojin Baltic na "Aircraft Policing".
A Latvia, akwai Kanar na 1,200 wanda Kanada ke jagorantar kuma ya ƙunshi ma'aikatan soji daga Albania, Italiya, Poland, Spain da Slovenia.
A Lithuania, kungiyar Jamus ta jagorancin ma'aikatan soja daga Belgium, Croatia, Faransa, Luxembourg, Netherlands da Norvège tare da 1,200 Dutch F-4 jet na yin fasinjoji na "Aircraft Policing" Baltic.
An samu karuwa a kasafin kudaden soji na Estonia da Latvia da Lithuania saboda yawan kudaden da sojojin kasar suka dauka saboda matsalar NATO.
A {asar Poland, akwai wata hanyar sayar da makami mai linzami ta Amirka Aegis da kuma rundunar rundunar ta 4,000, tare da makamai masu nauyi, ciki har da tankunan 250, Bradley Fighting Vehicles da Paladin.
A cikin {asar Romania, {asar Amirka ta kafa wata makami mai linzami na kamfanin Aegis, na farko a Turai tun lokacin Yakin Cold.
A arewa maso Yammacin Turai a Scandinavia, yawan ayyukan soja na NATO tun daga karshen Yakin Cold, mai suna Trident Juncture 18, ya faru a Norway daga watan Oktoba 25 zuwa Nuwamba 7, 2018 a cikin abin da aka nuna da ƙarfin da ya sa ya tsoratar da Rasha.
Kimanin sojoji dubu 50,000 ne daga kasashe 31 - kasashe mambobi 29 na NATO tare da Sweden da Finland - suka shiga cikin abubuwan da aka tsara a tsakiyar Norway don atisayen kasa, a Arewacin Atlantika da Tekun Baltic don ayyukan maritime, da kuma yaren Norway, Sweden da Sararin samaniyar Finnish.
Wannan ya kusan sojoji fiye da 10,000 fiye da ayyukan atisayen Resarfafa ƙarfi a Poland a cikin 2002, wanda ya haɗu da membobin Alliance da ƙasashe abokan tarayya 11.
Motoci 10,000 suka shiga atisayen soja kuma lokacin da aka jera layi-zuwa-ƙarshe, ayarin zai kasance kilomita 92 ko mil 57. Jirgin sama 250 da jiragen ruwa 60 suka shiga ciki, gami da jigilar mai amfani da nukiliya USS Harry S. Truman.
Fiye da sojojin ƙasa 20,000, da kuma sojojin ruwa 24,000 da suka haɗa da Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka, da 3,500 na sojojin sama, da ƙwararrun masanan kayan aiki na 1,000 da ma'aikata 1,300 daga wasu Commanda'idodin NATO suka halarci.
Manyan kasashe biyar masu bada gudummawa sune Amurka, Jamus, Norway, Burtaniya da Sweden, a cikin wannan tsari.
A cikin 2017, duk da tsananin zanga-zanga daga Rasha, Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka 330 da aka tura zuwa juyawa zuwa sansanin horar da Norway a Værnes a tsakiyar Norway. Amurka na son kara yawan sojojin Amurka zuwa 700 sannan kuma za ta sanya su a arewa a Setermoen, kilomita 420 daga Rasha. Yarjejeniyar tura Amurka za kuma a tsawaita daga wa'adin watanni shida na sabuntawa zuwa shekaru biyar.
Haɗin Crimea da Rasha ta yi a cikin 2014 ita ce ma'anar NATO da aka yi amfani da ita don haɓaka ma'aikatan US / NATO a tsakiya da gabashin Turai. Gwamnatin Rasha ta sha yin kakkausar suka tare da yin kakkausar suka kan tura sojojin na Amurka a Norway.
Tun lokacin da Rasha ta haɗu da Crimea a 2014, Poland ta kasance muhimmiyar mahimmanci na ƙara yawan Amurka a Gabashin Turai, ciki har da sake dawowa daga kamfanin 173rd Team Brigade Combat Team don nuna nuna goyon bayan Amurka da NATO. A watan Agusta, rundunar sojojin Amurka ta tura F-22 Raptors biyar da 40 sun aika zuwa Poland don shiga cikin haɗin gwiwar a can.
{Asar Amirka ta sanar da cewa, {asar Amirka ta Yammacin Turai, tana fa] a] a rundunarta, ta} ara yawan rundunonin rundunar ta 1,500, a sansaninta, a {asar Jamus.
Sojojin sun ce a watan Satumba na 2018 cewa sabon na'urorin kunnawa za a fara a wannan shekara kuma dakarun da iyalansu su kasance a cikin kudancin Jamus ta watan Satumba na 2020.
Akwai sojojin Amurka 35,220 a cikin Jamus kuma jimlar sojoji 64,112 na Amurka a Turai:
Shawarwarin ma'aikatar tsaro ta Poland ta lissafa yankunan kasar na Bydgoszcz da Toruń a matsayin wurare masu yuwuwa don rabe-raben makamai na Amurka. Bugu da ƙari, Cibiyar Horar da Trainingungiyar Hadin gwiwa ta NATO tuni ta kasance hedikwata a Bydgoszcz.
Rundunar sojojin Amurka a Turai ta kai yawanta a cikin shekaru hamsin da fiye da 450,000 dakarun da ke aiki fiye da 1,200. Bayan ƙarshen Cold War, sojojin Amurka a Turai sun ragu zuwa 213,000 ma'aikatan, kuma daga bisani a cikin 1993 ya rage har ma ga 112,000 masu hidima. A yau ana samun 64, dakarun Amurka na 112 na har abada a Turai. Sojojin soja da kuma sojojin Amurka a Turai (EUCOM) za a iya rarraba su a sassan.
TYPES OF MILITARY BASES
Matakan soja https://southfront.org/military-analysis-us-military-presence-in-europe/
- Babban asusun aiki su ne manyan kayan aiki da zasu iya karɓar yawancin adadin dakarun da ke da dindindin da suka samar da kayan aikin da suka dace.
- Shafuka masu sarrafawa Ana amfani da su ta hanyar amfani da dakarun juyawa. Wadannan shigarwa suna iya daidaitawa dangane da yanayin.
- Yankunan tsaro na tsaro yawanci ba su da dakarun da aka kafa dasu har abada kuma suna tallafawa ta hanyar kwangila ko goyon baya na kasashe.
Dokar Tarayyar Turai ta EU, EUCOM, tana da alhakin aikin soja, haɗin kai, ingantaccen tsaro na tsaro a matsayin wani ɓangare na harkokin tsaro na Amurka. EUCOM tana da nau'i biyar: Amurka Naval Forces Turai (NAVEUR), US Army Europe (USAREUR), US Air Force a Turai (USAFE), US Marine Force Europe (MARFOREUR), US Special Operations umurnin Turai (SOCEUR).
- US Navy Forces Turai (NAVEUR) yana ba da umurni, kulawa da kuma daidaitawa ga dukan dukiyar maritime na Amurka a yanzu haka aka saka a Turai kuma yana a cikin Naples, Italiya wanda shi ma shi ne tashar jiragen ruwa ta shida.
- US Army Europe (USAREUR) yana cikin Wiesbaden, Jamus. A saman kundin Cold War sojojin Amurka sun kusan kusan sojojin 300,000 da aka tura a Turai, a yau ne magungunan USAREUR ya kafa ta ƙungiyoyin 'yan bindigar biyu da kuma brigade jirgin sama dake Jamus da Italiya.
- US Air Force a Turai (USAFE) yana da asali guda takwas a Turai tare da kusan 39,000 aiki, ajiyewa da ma'aikata farar hula. AmurkaFE tana goyon bayan ayyukan da ke gudana a Turai kuma sun kasance masu aiki sosai yayin rikicin Libya.
- US Marine Force Turai (MARFOREUR) an kafa shi a cikin shekaru 80 tare da kasa da ma'adinan 200, a yau an kafa dokar a Böblingen, Jamus tare da nauyin 1,500 da aka ba su don tallafa wa ayyukan EUCOM da NATO. MARFOREUR yana aiki a cikin Balkans, kuma yana da aikin soja na yau da kullum musamman ga sojojin Norwegian.
- Ayyuka na Musamman na Amurka Umurnin Turai (SOCEUR) bayar da zaman lafiya da tsara lokaci da kuma sarrafa aiki na musamman na aiki a yayin da yaki unconventional yaki a EUCOMs yankin da alhakin. SOCEUR ya shiga cikin ayyukan gine-gine daban-daban da kuma fitarwa ta musamman a Afrika, yana da rawar gani a cikin Balkans a cikin shekaru ninni da kuma taimakawa wajen yaki a lokacin yakin Iraki da Afghanistan.
NAPUKA WANNAN DUNIYA A EUROPE
Baya ga faransanci da Birtaniya na nukiliya na Amurka, sun kuma ci gaba da kasancewa mai mahimmancin makaman nukiliya a Turai. A lokacin yakin Cold War Amurka ta sami fiye da 2,500 makaman nukiliya a Turai, duk da haka bayan karshen Yakin Cold da kuma faduwar Soviet Union cewa lambar ta ragu sosai. A yau kamar yadda wasu ƙididdiga marasa izini suka faru, Amurka tana kewaye da 150 zuwa 250 warheads da aka tura a Italiya, Turkiyya, Jamus, Netherlands da Belgium. Ya kamata a lura cewa mafi yawan makaman da suke da shi suna fadin ragowar bama-bamai da aka samo ta hanyar jiragen sama.
Kodayake yawancin makaman nukiliya sun kasance a cikin Yammacin Turai duk wani rukuni da kuma kawar da wadannan makamai masu guba ba shi yiwuwa, la'akari da halin da ake ciki a Ukraine da kuma Gabas ta Tsakiya. Akwai wurare guda biyu da ke amfani da su a yanzu don amfani da makaman nukiliya a Turai: Ƙananan jiragen sama na Nukiliya da na iska sun hada da makaman nukiliya a matsayin matsayi.
Kasashen Yammacin Nukiliya sune Lakenheath (Birtaniya), Volkel (Netherlands), Kleine Broggle (Belgium), Buchel (Jamus), Ramstein (Jamus), Ghadei Torre (Italiya), Aviano (Italiya) da Incirlik (Turkiyya).
Rashin jiragen sama da ke dauke da makaman nukiliya a cikin matsayi na tsaro a Norvenich (Jamus), Araxos (Girka), Balikesir (Turkey), Akinci (Turkiya). Jamus na da mafi yawan makaman nukiliya na Amurka tare da yiwuwar ajiya fiye da 150 bama-bamai. Duk waɗannan makamai za a iya motsa su kuma koma zuwa wasu asali ko wasu ƙasashe idan an so.
- US Bases dake Birnin Ingila
- Tare da Hill Air Base
- Mildenhall Air Base
- Alcon Bury Air Base
- Shafin Farko na Croughton
- Fairford Air Base
- US Bases dake Jamus
- USAG Hohenfels
- USAG Weisbaden
- USAG Hessen
- USAG Schweinfurt
- USAG Bamberg
- USAG Grafenwoehr
- USAG Ansbach
- AmurkaG Darmstadt
- USAG Heidelberg
- USAG Stuttgart
- USAG Kaiserslautern
- USG Baumholder
- Spangdahlem Air Base
- Ramstein Air Base
- Panzer Kaserne (Amurka Marine Base)
- US Bases dake Belgium
- AmurkaG Benelux
- USAG Brussels
- US Bases dake Netherlands
- USAG Schinnen
- Ƙungiyar Sojoji
- US Bases dake Italy
- Avian Air Base
- Caserma Ederle
- Camp Darby
- NSA La Maddalena
- NSA Gaeta
- NSA Naples
- NSA Sigonella
- Kasashen da ke Serbia / Kosovo
- Camp Bondsteel
- US Bases dake Bulgaria
- Graf Ignatievo Air Base
- Bezmer Air Base
- Aitos Logistics Center
- Novo Selo Range
- US Bases dake Girka
- NSA Souda Bay
- US Bases dake Turkiya
- Izmir Air Base
- Kamfanin Air Base
Rundunar Rasha ta Crimea ta buƙatar da mutanen Crimea da suka zaba don haɗawa a cikin jimla, sun ba da makamai a duka Amurka da NATO dalilai suna jin cewa suna buƙatar ƙara ƙaruwa da karfin yawan ayyukan soja a cikin Scandinavia da ƙasashen Baltic.
Bugu da ƙari, adawa da Amurka da Rasha da kuma manufofin kasashen waje a Siriya da Venezuela sune tabbatar da karuwa a kasafin kudin soja na Amurka, yayin da gwamnatin Rasha ta samu kasafin kudin kashi ɗaya cikin goma na kasafin kudin Amurka da kuma ƙarami idan aka kwatanta da kudade na soja da aka hada da dukkanin kasashe na 29-NATO.
US MILITARY IN AFRICA
Ina so in kawo muku hankali game da karuwar yawan atisayen sojan Amurka da ma'aikata a kasashen Afirka karkashin umarnin Amurka da ake kira AFRICOM. Dangane da kyakkyawar binciken da Nick Turse da Sean Naylor suka yi a ranar 19 ga Afrilu, 2019, wanda ake kira "Takardar sawun Amurka a Afirka," akwai atisayen soja 35 "masu lamba" tare da sojojin Amurka a cikin kasashe 19.
ARMADA SWEEP: Harkokin kula da kayan lantarki ta Amurka da aka gudanar daga jiragen ruwa daga bakin tekun gabashin Afrika, Armada Sweep tana tallafawa yakin basasar Amurka a yankin.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: unknown
HASKIYAR KASHI: Wannan aikin yana rufe jerin ayyukan a Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Tsakiya. An fara a cikin 2013 a matsayin goyon bayan manufa ga sojojin Faransanci da na Afirka sun kai ga rikicin Afrika ta Tsakiya da ta dame shi don tabbatar da zaman lafiya, kuma ta ci gaba da zama mai bada shawara da taimako ga wadannan dakarun kiyaye zaman lafiya na Afirka. Duk da haka, sojojin Amurka ba tare da abokan aikinsu a filin ba kuma basu horar da su ba. Har ila yau, aikin ya kaddamar da gabatar da kamfanonin kwangila da kuma Marines, don tabbatar da Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka a Bangui da kuma aiwatar da} ananan ayyukan {asar Amirka, don taimaka wa jakadan {asar Amirka, a ofisoshin jakadancin Ubangiji. A cikin kwanakin farko na aiki, sojojin Amurka sun tura daruruwan daruruwan sojojin Burundi, da kayan aiki da kuma fiye da dogon motocin soja a Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Tsakiya, bisa zuwa Afirka. Sojojin Amurka sun ci gaba hawa Faransa a cikin kuma daga cikin Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Tsakiya, kuma har yanzu ana cigaba da aikin a farkon 2018.
Base amfani da: Abeche, Chad
BABI BAYA: Ɗaya daga cikin iyalin da ake kira da sunan ta'addanci na musamman da jami'an tsaro na Amurka suka gudanar a gabashin Afrika. Hunter Hunter wani shiri na 127 ne wanda ya jagoranci sojojin Amurka da suka horar da dakarun Habasha don ayyukan ta'addanci a Somalia. Bolduc ya ce ya rufe shi a cikin 2016 domin gwamnatin Habasha ba ta da matukar damuwa game da karfi da ba ta fadawa doka ba. Duk da haka, Fabrairu 2018 Defence Department list na ayyuka masu suna suna nuna cewa an tayar da shi.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti
JUKEBOX LOTUS: Ayyukan Jukebox Lotus ya fara ne yayin da aka mayar da martani ga harin da aka kai a ranar Asabar 2012 a Benghazi, Libya, wanda ya kashe Jakadan Amurka J. Christopher Stevens da wasu 'yan Amirka guda uku, amma ya ci gaba har sai aƙalla 2018. Yana bai wa Afrika ikon da ya dace don gudanar da ayyuka daban-daban a Libya kamar yadda ake buƙatar kuma ba a ƙayyade ga ayyukan musamman ba ko kuma ta'addanci.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: Faya Largeau da N'Djamena, Chad; Air Base 201, Agadez, Nijar
JUNCTION RAIN: Tasirin tsaro na teku a Gulf of Guinea da ke kunshe da kungiyoyin jiragen ruwa na Afirka da na Amurka wadanda suke aiki daga jiragen ruwan Amurka ko na sojojin Afirka. A 2016, ƙungiyar kamfanoni sun gudanar Hanyar 32, wanda ya haifar da dala miliyan 1.2 a shari'ar da aka fi sani da fiye da 50 na teku, tare da dawo da diesel man fetur tanker wanda 'yan fashi suka kama. A bara, aiki tare da Senegal da Cabo Verdean navies ya haifar da akalla Hanyar 40 - mafi yawancin tasoshin kifi - da kuma $ 75,000 a fursunonin da aka ba da su don cin zarafin kifi biyu.
Base amfani da: Dakar, Senegal
JUNCTION SERENT: A aikin kulawa a Libya cewa, a matsayin wani ɓangare na 2016 gwagwarmaya na farko game da matsayin musulunci a garin Sirte na Libyan, ya ba da ayyukan musamman na hadin gwiwar Umurnin wasu kwamitocin musamman don daidaitawa dukiya don samar da bayanai masu mahimmanci don yakin.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: unknown
JUNIPER MICRON: A cikin 2013, bayan da Faransa ta kaddamar da wani mataki na soja a kan 'yan Islama a cikin harshen Mali-mai suna Operation Serval, Amurka ta fara aiki Juniper Micron, wanda ya hada da sojojin Faransa da kayan hawan iska a cikin wannan mulkin mallaka na Faransa, da yin amfani da motoci a fannonin tallafawa sojojin Faransa, da kuma taimaka wa sojojin dakarun Afirka. Juniper Micron yana gudana a cikin watan Oktoba 2018, tare da shirye-shirye don ci gaba zuwa gaba.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Istres-Base na Jirgin Intanit, Faransa; Bamako da Gao, Mali; Air Base 201 (Agadez), Arlit, Dirkou, Madama da Niamey, Nijar; Dakar, Senegal
JUNIPER NIMBUS: Juniper Nimbus aiki ne mai tsawo don taimaka wa yakin basasar Najeriya da Boko Haram.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; N'Djamena, Chad; Arlit, Dirkou da Madama, Nijar
JUNIPER SHIELD: Ayyukan kula da aikin da ke haifar da mummunar tashin hankali a Nijar, Juniper Garkuwa ita ce Amurka ta tsakiya yunkurin counterterrorism a arewa maso yammacin Afirka da kuma rufewa 11 al'ummai: Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chadi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Nijar, Najeriya, Senegal da kuma Tunisia. A karkashin Jaridar Juniper, kungiyoyin Amurka suna juyawa cikin kowane watanni shida don horar da su, bada shawara, taimakawa da kuma hada dakarun da ke cikin gida domin gudanar da ayyukan da kungiyoyin ta'addanci, ciki har da Ísis-Yammacin Afrika, da Boko Haram da al Qa'ida da mabiyansu.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Garoua da Maroua, Kamaru; Bangui, Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Tsakiya; Faya Largeau da N'Djamena, Chad; Bamako da Gao, Mali; Nema da Ouassa, Mauritaniya; Air Base 201 (Agadez), Arlit, Diffa, Dirkou, Madama da Niamey, Nijar; Dakar, Senegal
NIMBLE SHIELD: Rahoton da aka yi wa Boko Haram da Ísis-Yammacin Afrika
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: Douala, Garoua da Maroua, Cameroon; Bangui, Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Tsakiya; N'Djamena, Chad; Diffa, Dirkou, Madama da Niamey, Nijar
OAKEN SONNET I-III: Hanyoyin aiki guda uku a Sudan ta kudu. Son Sonnet Ni ne wuya 2013 ceto ma'aikatan Amurka daga wannan kasar a farkon yakin basasa. Oaken Sonnet II ya faru a 2014 da Oaken Sonnet III a 2016.
Base amfani da: Juba, Sudan ta kudu
SAURARA STEEL: Ƙarfafa Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a Juba, Sudan ta Kudu, don kare ma'aikatan gwamnati a lokacin rikici tsakanin bangarorin da ke cikin rikici a kasar, Ayyukan Oaken Karfe, wanda ya gudu daga Yuli 12, 2016, Jan. 26, 2017, sun ga sojojin {asar Amirka, sun tura {asar ta Uganda, don bayar da gudunmawa, game da tashin hankalin da ake fuskanta, a lokacin tashin hankali.
Bases da aka yi amfani da su: Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti; Moron Air Base, Spain; Entebbe, Uganda
Mun yi shirin samar da karin lokaci a kan asusun soja na Amurka a Afrika a taron na gaba.
