Daga Medea Benjamin da Nicolas JS Davies, Oktoba 2, 2020
Washington Post an kashe dan jaridar nan Jamal Khashoggi a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 2018 ta hannun jami'an gwamnatin da ke Saudiyya, kuma CIA ta kammala cewa sun kashe shi akan umarni kai tsaye daga Yariman Saudiyya mai jiran gado Mohammed bin Salman (MBS). Mutum takwas ‘yan Saudiyya sun samu hukuncin kisan Khashoggi da wata kotun Saudiyya a cikin abin da Washington Post halin kamar sham gwaji ba tare da nuna gaskiya ba. Manyan mutane da suka ba da umarnin kisan, gami da MBS, suna ci gaba da tsere wa alhaki.
Kisan Khashoggi da yanke jiki ya yi mummunan rauni da sanyin jini wanda ya haifar da fushin jama'a a duniya. Shugaba Trump, duk da haka, ya tsaya tare da MBS, alfahari da ɗan jarida Bob Woodward cewa ya ceci “jakin” yariman kuma ya sami “Majalisa ta bar shi shi kaɗai.”
Hawan MBS zuwa ikon kama-karya, jim kadan bayan mahaifinsa tsoho Sarki Salman ya zama sarki a watan Janairun 2015, an siyar da shi ga duniya a matsayin shigar da wani sabon zamani na garambawul, amma a hakikanin gaskiya ya kasance yana cike da mummunan tashin hankali, danniya. Da yawan hukuncin kisa ya ninka sau biyu, daga kisa a tsakanin shekara ta 423 zuwa 2009 zuwa sama da 2014 tun daga watan Janairun 800.
Sun hada da taro kisa na mutane 37 a ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 2019, galibi don shiga cikin zanga zangar lumana ta Larabawa a 2011-12. An yi wannan zanga-zangar a yankunan Shi'a inda mutane ke fuskantar wariya a tsarin masarautar Sunni mafi rinjaye. Akalla uku daga cikin wadanda aka kashe kananan yara ne lokacin da aka yanke musu hukunci, daya kuma dalibi ne da aka kama a tashar jirgin sama a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Jami’ar Western Michigan. Yawancin dangin wadanda aka kashe din sun ce an yanke musu hukunci ne bisa ikirarin tilastawa da aka ciro ta hanyar azabtarwa, kuma an gabatar da gawarwakin wadanda aka fille wa mutum biyu a bainar jama'a.
A karkashin MBS, an murkushe duk wani rashin yarda. A cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, duk na Saudi Arabia ne masu rajin kare hakkin dan adam an tsare, an yi barazanar yin shiru, ko kuma sun gudu daga kasar. Wannan ya hada da masu rajin kare hakkin mata kamar Loujain al-Hathul, wadanda ke adawa da dokar hana mata direbobi. Duk da wasu kofofin da aka bude wa mata a karkashin MBS, gami da 'yancin tuki, matan Saudiyya na ci gaba da kasancewa cikin nuna wariya a cikin doka da aiki, tare da dokokin da ke tabbatar da cewa su' yan kasa ne na gari ga maza, musamman dangane da al'amuran iyali kamar aure, saki, kula da yara da gado.
Gwamnatin Trump ba ta taba kalubalantar danniyar cikin Saudiyya ba, kuma mafi munin hakan, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a mummunan yakin da Saudiyya ke jagoranta kan makwabciyar Yemen. Bayan da shugaban Yemen Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi ya kasa barin ofis a karshen wa’adinsa na shekaru biyu a matsayin shugaban gwamnatin rikon kwarya, ko kuma cika aikinsa na tsara sabon kundin tsarin mulki da kuma gudanar da sabon zabe, kungiyar ‘yan tawayen Houthi. mamaye babban birnin kasar, San'a, a cikin 2014, sun sanya shi a cikin tsare gida kuma sun nemi ya yi aikinsa.
A maimakon haka Hadi ya yi murabus, ya gudu zuwa Saudi Arabiya kuma ya kulla yarjejeniya da MBS da Saudis don ƙaddamar da yaƙi don ƙoƙarin dawo da shi kan mulki. Amurka ta samar da mai a cikin iska, da leken asiri da kuma shirye-shiryen kai hare-hare ta sama da Saudiyya da Emirati kuma ta yi sama da dala biliyan 100 wajen sayar da makamai. Yayin da goyon bayan Amurka ga yakin Saudiyya ya fara a karkashin Shugaba Obama, Trump ya ba da goyon baya ba tare da wani sharadi ba kamar yadda munanan abubuwan yakin nan suka girgiza duniya baki daya.
Bisa ga Yemen Data Project, aƙalla 30% na hare-haren sama da Amurka ke tallafawa a Yemen sun kai hari kan fararen hula, da suka haɗa da asibitoci, asibitocin kiwon lafiya, makarantu, kasuwanni, kayayyakin farar hula, da kuma wani mummunan harin jirgin sama kan motar bas ɗin da ta kashe yara 40 da manya 11.
Bayan shekaru biyar, wannan mummunan yakin ya ci nasara ne kawai wajen haifar da barna mai yawa da hargitsi, inda yara da dama ke mutuwa a kowace rana daga yunwa, rashin abinci mai gina jiki da cututtukan da za a iya kiyayewa, duk yanzu cutar ta Covid-19 ta haɗu.
Latedididdigar Congan Majalisar don kawo ƙarshen goyon bayan Amurka ga yakin, gami da zartar da dokar War Powers a watan Maris na 2019 da kuma dokar dakatar da sayar da makamai ga Saudi Arabia a watan Yulin 2019, sun kasance vetoed lokacin da suka isa teburin Shugaba Trump.
Tkawancen Amurka da Saudiya tabbas ya riga ya wuce Trump, yana komawa ga gano mai a cikin 1930s. Yayinda rawar gargajiya take a matsayin mai siyar da mai ba ta da mahimmanci ga tattalin arzikin Amurka, Saudiyya ta zama daya daga cikin manyan masu sayen makaman Amurka, babbar mai saka jari a kasuwancin Amurka kuma kawa ce ga Iran. Abayan fadace-fadacen da Amurka ta yi a Afghanistan da Iraki, Amurka ta fara shirya Saudiyyar don taka rawar gani a siyasa da soja, tare da Isra'ila, a cikin sabon kawancen da Amurka ke jagoranta don magance karuwar tasirin Iran, Rasha da China a Gabas ta Tsakiya .
Yaƙin Yemen shine gwajin farko na rawar Saudi Arabiya a matsayin jagorar ƙawancen sojojin Amurka, kuma hakan ya fallasa fa'idar aiki da ɗabi'ar wannan manufar, ta sake buɗe wani yaƙi mara ƙarewa da mawuyacin halin jin ƙai na duniya a ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi talauci a Duniya. . Kisan MBS na Jamal Khashoggi ya zo ne a wani mahimmin lokaci a lokacin da aka bankado wannan dabarar da aka yanke mata, yana mai bayyana babbar hauka ta dokan manufofin Gabas ta Tsakiya na Amurka na karni na 21 a kan kawance da mulkin neo-feudal wanda aka samu ta hanyar kisan kai da danniya.
Shugaba Obama yayi ƙoƙari ya canza tasirin zuwa ƙarshen mulkinsa, yana mai riƙe da hakan sayar da kayan yaki zuwa Saudiyya da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar nukiliya da Iran. Turi ya juya wadannan manufofin biyu, kuma ya ci gaba da daukar Saudiyya a matsayin babbar kawarta, duk da cewa duniya ta koma baya cikin tsananin tsoron kisan Khashoggi.
Duk da yake cin zarafin Saudiyya bai rage irin taimakon da gwamnatin Trump ke ba shi ba, amma sun kunna wutar adawa a duniya. A cikin wani sabon ci gaba mai kayatarwa, masu fafutuka na Saudiyya da ke gudun hijira sun kafa kansu jam'iyyar siyasa, National Assembly Party ko NAAS, suna kira ga dimokiradiyya da mutunta haƙƙin ɗan adam a masarautar. A lokacin gabatarwar bayani, jam’iyya ta shimfida hangen nesa ga Saudi Arabiya inda dukkan ‘yan kasa suke daidai a karkashin doka kuma cikakken zababben majalisa yana da ikon yin doka da ikon kulawa a kan cibiyoyin zartarwa na jihar. Wasu fitattun 'yan gwagwarmaya na Saudiyya da ke gudun hijira ne suka sanya hannu kan takardar kafa, ciki har da farfesa Madawi al-Rasheed mazaunin London; Abdullah Alaoudh, wani malamin makarantar Saudiyya wanda kuma shi ne dan fitaccen malamin addinin musuluncin nan da aka daure a gidan kurkukun Salman al-Awda; da kuma dan gwagwarmayar Shia Ahmed al-Mshikhs.
Wani sabon yunƙuri, wanda aka shirya don bikin cika shekara biyu da kisan Khashoggi, shi ne ƙaddamar da Demokraɗiyya ga Worldasashen Larabawa Yanzu (DAWN), ƙungiyar da Jamal Khashoggi ya ɗauki ciki watanni da yawa kafin kisan nasa. DAWN za ta inganta dimokiradiyya da tallafawa masu gudun hijirar siyasa a duk yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya, daidai da hangen nesan wanda ya yi shahada.
Groupsungiyoyin ci gaba a Amurka ci gaba da adawa Tallafin Amurka ga yakin Yemen na Saudiyya da turawa USAID zuwa dawo da kayan agaji kai tsaye an sassauta shi zuwa sassan Yamen da ke karkashin ikon Houthi a cikin shekarar 2020 a tsakiyar annobar Covid-19. Activistsan gwagwarmaya na Turai sun ƙaddamar da kamfen masu nasara zuwa dakatar da sayar da makamai zuwa Saudiyya a kasashe da dama.
Hakanan a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata sun ga masu fafutuka suna shirya kauracewa taron na Saudiyya. Pre-COVID, lokacin da masarauta ta buɗe wa ɓarna na musika, ƙungiyoyi kamar CODEPINK da Human Rights Foundation matsawa masu nishaɗi kamar Nicki Minaj don soke bayyanuwa. Minaj ya fitar sanarwa suna cewa, "Yana da mahimmanci a gare ni in bayyana goyon baya ga haƙƙin mata, al'umar LGBTQ da 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki. " Meghan MacLaren, babbar mace 'yar wasan golf a Burtaniya, ta janye daga wata sabuwar gasar golf da za a samu kudi mai yawa a Saudiyya, inda ta ambaci rahotannin Amnesty International kuma ta ce ba za ta iya shiga ba "Wankin wasa" Cin zarafin dan Adam na Saudiyya.
Wata sabuwar kungiya mai suna Ƙaddamar da 'Yanci, wanda ke neman wargaza kawancen Amurka da Saudiyya, ya mai da hankali kan G20 mai zuwa a Riyadh, wanda ke faruwa kusan a watan Nuwamba, tare da yin kira ga wadanda aka gayyata da su ki shiga. Gangamin ya samu nasarar shawo kan shugabannin kananan garuruwa da dama, duk da New York City, Los Angeles, Paris da London, don kauracewa taron, tare da manyan mutane gayyata zuwa abubuwan da suka faru ga mata da masu tunani na duniya.
Yayin da muke bikin shekaru biyu tun bayan kisan Jamal Khashoggi, wataƙila mu ma nan ba da daɗewa ba za mu fara ƙarshen gwamnatin Trump. Duk da yake da wuya a dauki Mataimakin Shugaban Biden Maganarsa cewa ba zai sake siyar da makamai ga Saudis ba kuma zai sanya su "su biya farashi" na kisan Khashoggi, yana da kyau a ji dan takarar shugaban kasa ya yarda cewa "akwai karancin darajar fansa a cikin gwamnatin yanzu a Saudi Arabia" da kira shi "jihar pariah." Wataƙila tare da isasshen matsin lamba daga ƙasa, sabuwar gwamnati na iya fara aiwatar da ɓarnatar da Amurka daga mummunan tasirin mulkin kama karya na Saudiyya.
Amma muddin shugabannin Amurka za su ci gaba da nuna goyon baya ga Saudiyya, yana da wahala kar a tambaya wane ne ya fi mugunta-yarima mai jiran gado na Saudiyya da ke da alhakin kisan Khashoggi da kisan fiye da mutum dubu dari 'Yan Yemen, ko kuma mashahuran gwamnatocin Yammacin Turai da' yan kasuwa da ke ci gaba da tallafawa da fa'ida daga laifinsa?
Medea Biliyaminu shi ne mai haɓaka CODEPINK don Aminci, kuma marubucin littattafai da yawa, gami da Mulkin Mulki: Bayan Amurka-Saudi Connection. Nicolas JS Davies ɗan jarida ne mai zaman kansa, mai bincike tare da CODEPINK kuma marubucin Blood On Our Hands: Ƙasar Amirka da Rushewar Iraq.
