By David Swanson, World BEYOND War, Fabrairu 5, 2023
David Swanson shine marubucin sabon littafin The Monroe Doctrine a 200 da Abin da za a maye gurbinsa da shi.
An fara tattauna Rukunan Monroe a karkashin wannan sunan a matsayin hujja ga yakin Amurka a kan Mexico wanda ya motsa iyakar Amurka zuwa kudu, ya haɗiye jihohin California, Nevada, da Utah a yau, yawancin New Mexico, Arizona da Colorado, da kuma sassan Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, da Wyoming. Ba yadda za a yi a kudu kamar yadda wasu za su so a matsar da iyakar.
Yaƙin da ya faru a kan Filifin kuma ya girma daga yaƙin tabbatar da koyarwar Monroe-Doctrine da Spain (da Cuba da Puerto Rico) a cikin Caribbean. Kuma mulkin mallaka na duniya ya kasance fadada rukunan Monroe mai santsi.
Amma dangane da Latin Amurka ne ake ambaton koyarwar Monroe a yau, kuma koyarwar Monroe ta kasance tsakiyar harin da Amurka ta kai wa makwabtan kudanci tsawon shekaru 200. A cikin wadannan ƙarni, ƙungiyoyi da daidaikun mutane, ciki har da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙasashen Latin Amurka, duk sun yi adawa da koyarwar Monroe Doctrine na mulkin mallaka kuma sun nemi yin jayayya cewa ya kamata a fassara Rukunan Monroe a matsayin haɓaka wariyar jama'a da son kai. Duk hanyoyin biyu sun sami iyakataccen nasara. Shisshigin Amurka sun yi tagumi amma ba su daina ba.
Shahararriyar koyarwar Monroe a matsayin maƙasudin magana a cikin jawabin Amurka, wanda ya tashi zuwa matsayi mai ban mamaki a cikin karni na 19, a zahiri cimma matsayin ayyana 'Yancin kai ko Tsarin Mulki, na iya zama wani ɓangare na godiya ga rashin fayyace ta da kuma guje masa. na sadaukar da gwamnatin Amurka ga wani abu na musamman, yayin da suke sautin macho. Kamar yadda zamani daban-daban suka ƙara “taswirarsu” da fassarorinsu, masu sharhi za su iya kare sigar da suka fi so akan wasu. Amma babban jigon, kafin da ma fiye da haka bayan Theodore Roosevelt, koyaushe ya kasance na musamman na mulkin mallaka.
Yawancin fiasco mai ban sha'awa a Cuba sun daɗe kafin Bay of Pigs SNAFU. Amma idan ya zo ga tserewa daga gringos masu girman kai, babu wani samfurin tatsuniyoyi da zai cika ba tare da ɗanɗano na musamman amma bayyananniyar labarin William Walker, ɗan filibusterer wanda ya mai da kansa shugaban ƙasar Nicaragua, yana ɗaukar kudu da faɗaɗa da magabata kamar Daniel Boone suka yi yamma. . Walker ba tarihin CIA bane na sirri. CIA ta kasance har yanzu. A cikin shekarun 1850 Walker na iya samun kulawa a jaridun Amurka fiye da kowane shugaban Amurka. A kwanaki hudu daban-daban, da New York Times ya sadaukar da gaba dayan shafinsa na gaba ga azzalumai. Cewa yawancin mutane a Amurka ta Tsakiya sun san sunansa kuma kusan babu wani a Amurka da yake yin zaɓin tsarin ilimi daban-daban.
Babu wani a Amurka da ke da ra'ayin wanene William Walker ba daidai yake da kowa ba a Amurka da sanin an yi juyin mulki a Ukraine a 2014. Haka nan ba kamar shekaru 20 ba ne kowa ya kasa sanin cewa Russiagate wata zamba ce. . Zan kwatanta shi fiye da shekaru 20 daga yanzu babu wanda ya san cewa an yi yakin 2003 akan Iraki wanda George W. Bush ya yi karya game da shi. Walker babban labari ne daga baya an goge shi.
Walker ya samu kansa a matsayin rundunar sojojin Arewacin Amurka da ake zaton yana taimakawa daya daga cikin bangarorin biyu masu fada a Nicaragua, amma a zahiri ya yi abin da Walker ya zaba, wanda ya hada da kwace birnin Granada, da karbar ragamar kasar yadda ya kamata, kuma daga karshe ya gudanar da zaben kansa. . Walker ya fara aiki yana canja wurin mallakar ƙasa zuwa gringos, ƙaddamar da bauta, da sanya Ingilishi ya zama harshen hukuma. Jaridu a kudancin Amurka sun rubuta game da Nicaragua a matsayin kasar Amurka a nan gaba. Amma Walker ya yi nasarar yin abokin gaba na Vanderbilt, kuma ya haɗu da Amurka ta Tsakiya kamar yadda ba a taɓa gani ba, a cikin rarrabuwar siyasa da iyakokin ƙasa, a kansa. Gwamnatin Amurka ce kawai ta yi iƙirarin "tashin hankali." An ci nasara, Walker ya yi maraba da komawa Amurka a matsayin gwarzo mai nasara. Ya sake gwadawa a Honduras a cikin 1860 kuma ya ƙare da Birtaniya ya kama shi, ya juya zuwa Honduras, kuma ya harbe shi ta hanyar harbi. An mayar da sojojinsa zuwa Amurka inda akasari suka shiga cikin Sojoji na Confederate.
Walker ya yi wa'azin bisharar yaƙi. "Su ne kawai direbobi," in ji shi, "wadanda ke magana game da kafa dangantakar da ke tsakanin tsattsauran launin fata na Amurka, kamar yadda yake a cikin Amurka, da kuma gauraye, Hispano-Indiya, kamar yadda yake a Mexico da Amurka ta Tsakiya. ba tare da aikin karfi ba." Kafofin watsa labarai na Amurka sun ji daɗin hangen Walker kuma sun yi murna, ban da wani nunin Broadway.
Da kyar ba a koyar da ɗaliban Amurka nawa daular Amurka zuwa Kudu har zuwa shekarun 1860 game da faɗaɗa bautar, ko kuma nawa ne wariyar launin fata ta Amurka ta hana shi shiga cikin United. Jihohi.
José Martí ya rubuta a wata jarida ta Buenos Aires yana la’antar koyarwar Monroe a matsayin munafunci kuma ya zargi Amurka da neman “’yanci . . . don hana sauran al'ummomi.
Duk da yake yana da mahimmanci kada a yarda cewa mulkin mallaka na Amurka ya fara ne a cikin 1898, yadda mutane a Amurka suka yi tunanin mulkin mallaka na Amurka ya canza a 1898 da shekaru masu zuwa. A yanzu akwai ruwa mai yawa a tsakanin babban yankin da yankunan da ke karkashinsa da kuma kadarorinsa. Akwai ɗimbin adadin mutanen da ba a ɗauka su “farare” suna zaune a ƙarƙashin tutocin Amurka. Kuma da alama ba a ƙara buƙatar mutunta sauran ƙasashen duniya ta hanyar fahimtar sunan "Amurka" don amfani da fiye da ƙasa ɗaya ba. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, ana kiran Amurka ta Amurka da Amurka ko Tarayyar. Yanzu ya zama Amurka. Don haka, idan kuna tunanin ƙaramar ƙasarku tana cikin Amurka, zai fi kyau ku kula!
David Swanson shine marubucin sabon littafin The Monroe Doctrine a 200 da Abin da za a maye gurbinsa da shi.
