By Terry Crawford-Browne, World BEYOND War, Fabrairu 24 2021
An shirya wani shirin fim na Isra’ila mai suna Lab a 2013. An nuna shi a Pretoria da Cape Town, Turai, Australia da Amurka kuma ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa, har ma da na Tel Aviv International Documentary Film Festival.[i]
Taken fim din shi ne, mamayar da Isra’ila ta yi wa Gaza da Yammacin Gabar “lab” ne don Isra’ila ta yi alfahari cewa an “gwada gwajin makaman nata” don fitarwa. Kuma, mafi yawan maganganu, yaya jinin Falasdinawa ya zama kuɗi!
Kwamitin Sabis na Abokai na Amurka (Quaker) a Urushalima ya fito da Bayanan Bayanai na Haramtacciyar Sojojin Isra'ila da kuma fitar da Tsaro (DIMSE).[ii] Binciken ya yi bayani dalla-dalla game da cinikayyar duniya da amfani da kayan yakin Isra’ila da tsarin tsaro daga shekarar 2000 zuwa 2019. Indiya da Amurka sun kasance manyan masu shigo da kayayyaki biyu, inda Turkiyya ta uku.
Nazarin ya lura:
'Isra'ila ta kasance a kowace shekara a cikin manyan kasashe goma masu fitar da makamai a duniya, amma ba ta yin rahoto a kai a kai ga rajistar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan makamai na yau da kullun, kuma ba ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Cinikin Makamai ba. Tsarin shari’ar cikin gida na Isra’ila ba ya bukatar nuna gaskiya a kan batutuwan da suka shafi cinikin makamai, kuma a halin yanzu babu wani takunkumi na hakkin dan Adam da aka sanya wa kayayyakin da Isra’ila ke fitarwa sama da kiyaye takunkumin makamai na Kwamitin Tsaron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
Isra’ila ta bai wa masu mulkin mallaka na Myanmar kayan aikin soja tun daga shekarun 1950. Amma kawai a cikin 2017 - bayan hayaniyar duniya game da kisan gillar da aka yi wa Musulman Rohingyas da kuma bayan da masu rajin kare hakkin dan Adam na Isra’ila suka yi amfani da kotunan Isra’ila wajen tona asirin - wannan ya zama abin kunya ga gwamnatin Isra’ila.[iii]
Ofishin babban kwamishinan kare hakkin dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 2018 ya bayyana cewa ya kamata a yi wa janar din na Myanmar kisan kare dangi. Kotun Duniya da ke Hague a shekarar 2020 ta umarci Myanmar da ta hana tashin hankali na kisan kare dangi kan tsirarun Rohingya, da kuma kiyaye shaidar hare-hare na baya.[iv]
Ganin tarihin kisan kiyashin da aka yi wa Nazi, ya zama abin birgewa cewa gwamnatin Isra’ila da masana'antar kera makamai na Isra’ila suna da hannu dumu-dumu a kisan kare dangi a Myanmar da Falasdinu tare da wasu kasashe da dama, ciki har da Sri Lanka, Rwanda, Kashmir, Serbia da Philippines.[v] Hakanan abin kunya ne cewa Amurka ta kare kasar ta ta tauraron dan adam ta hanyar cin zarafin ikon veto a cikin Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
A cikin littafinsa mai suna Yaƙi da Mutane, Mai ba da shawara ga zaman lafiya na Isra'ila Jeff Halper ya buɗe tare da tambaya: "Ta yaya Isra'ila ta tafi da ita?" Amsarsa ita ce, Isra’ila tana yi wa Amurka “kazamin aiki” ba kawai a Gabas ta Tsakiya ba, har ma da Afirka, Latin Amurka da sauran wurare ta hanyar sayar da makamai, tsarin tsaro da kuma rike mulkin kama-karya a cikin albarkatun kasa wadanda suka hada da lu'ulu'u, tagulla , koltan, zinariya da mai.[vi]
Littafin Halper ya tabbatar da Lab da binciken DIMSE. Wani tsohon jakadan Amurka a Isra’ila a shekara ta 2009 ya gargadi Washington game da rikice-rikice cewa Isra’ila tana ƙara zama “ƙasar da aka yi alkawarinta don aikata laifuka” Lalacewar da yanzu masana'antun kera makamai suka yi ya zama cewa Isra'ila ta zama "gungun 'yan daba".
Africanasashen Afirka tara suna cikin bayanan DIMSE - Angola, Kamaru, Cote D'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Morocco, Afirka ta Kudu, Sudan ta Kudu da Uganda. Mulkin kama-karya a kasashen Angola, Kamaru da Uganda sun dogara ne da taimakon sojojin Isra’ila tsawon shekaru. Dukkanin kasashen sun yi kaurin suna wajen cin hanci da rashawa da take hakkin bil adama wadanda ba sa ga maciji da juna.
Angola wanda ya dade yana mulkin kama karya Eduardo dos Santos shine mutumin da ya fi kowa arziki a Afirka yayin da 'yarsa Isobel kuma ta zama mace mafi arziki a Afirka.[vii] Dukansu uba da ‘yarsu a karshe ana gurfanar da su a gaban kuliya saboda cin hanci da rashawa.[viii] Adana mai a cikin Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Sudan ta Kudu da Yammacin Sahara (wanda Morocco ta mamaye tun daga 1975 zuwa saba wa dokar ƙasa da ƙasa) suna ba da ma'anar shigar Israila.
Lu'u-lu'u na jini sune abin sha'awa a Angola da Cote D'Ivoire (da kuma Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo da Zimbabwe waɗanda ba sa cikin binciken). Ana kiran yakin a DRC da “Yaƙin Duniya na Farko a Afirka” saboda asalin abin da ya haifar shi ne luƙar lu'u-lu'u, coltan, jan ƙarfe da lu'ulu'u na masana'antu waɗanda ake kira kasuwancin farko na "Duniya Na farko".
Ta bankinsa na Isra’ila, mai dauke da lu’ulu’u, Dan Gertler a cikin 1997 ya ba da tallafin kudi don korar Mobutu Sese Seko da karbe DRC ta Laurant Kabila. Bayan haka ne jami'an tsaro na Isra'ila suka rike Kabila da dansa Joseph a karagar mulki yayin da Gertler ya wawushe albarkatun kasar ta DRC.[ix]
Kwanaki kadan kafin ya bar ofis a watan Janairu, tsohon shugaban kasar Donald Trump ya dakatar da sanya Gertler cikin jerin sunayen takunkumi na Global Magnitsky wanda aka sanya Gertler a shekarar 2017 saboda "badakalar cin hanci da rashawa a DRC". Yunkurin Trump na “yafe” Gertler yanzu haka yana fuskantar kalubale a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka da Baitul malin Amurka ta kungiyoyin Congo da kungiyoyin farar hula na duniya.[X]
Kodayake Isra'ila ba ta da ma'adanan lu'u-lu'u, amma ita ce cibiyar yanke da goge duniya. An kafa shi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu tare da taimakon Afirka ta Kudu, cinikin lu'u-lu'u ya jagoranci ƙasar Isra'ila zuwa masana'antar masana'antu. Masana'antar lu'u-lu'u ta Isra'ila ma tana da alaƙa da masana'antar makamai da Mossad.[xi]
Cote D'Ivoire ta kasance cikin rashin kwanciyar hankali a siyasance tun shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, kuma samarwar lu'ulu'u ba ta da amfani.[xii] Amma duk da haka rahoton na DIMSE ya nuna cewa cinikin lu'u-lu'u na Côte D'Ivoire na shekara-shekara ya kai tsakanin carats 50 000 zuwa 300 000, tare da kamfanonin kera makamai na Isra'ila da hannu dumu-dumu cikin cinikin bindigogi-don-lu'ulu'u.
Hakanan 'yan ƙasar ta Isra'ila suna da hannu dumu-dumu a lokacin yaƙin basasar Saliyo a cikin shekarun 1990s, kuma bindigar-don cinikin lu'ulu'u. Kanar Yair Klein da sauransu sun ba da horo ga Unitedungiyar Juyin Juya Hali ta RUF. “Dabarar RUF din ta sanya hannu a yanke fararen hula, ta hanyar fasa hannayensu, kafafu, lebe da kunnuwansu da adduna da gatari. Manufar RUF ita ce ta firgita jama'a kuma ta more mulkin da ba a fafata da shi ba a filayen lu'ulu'u. "[xiii]
Hakanan, wani kamfani na gabanin Mossad da ake zargi da magudi a zabukan Zimbabwe a lokacin Mugabe[xiv]. Ana zargin Mossad sannan da shirya juyin mulki a shekarar 2017 lokacin da Emmerson Mnangagwa ya maye gurbin Mugabe. Ana fitar da lu'ulu'u na Marange na Zimbabwe zuwa Isra'ila ta Dubai.
Hakanan Dubai - sabon gida ga 'yan uwan Gupta sananne ne a matsayin ɗayan manyan cibiyoyin cuwa-cuwa a duniya, kuma wanda kuma shine sabon abokiyar larabawan Israila - ya ba da takaddun takaddama dangane da Tsarin Kimberley cewa waɗannan lu'ulu'u na jini ba su da rikici. . Daga nan aka yanke duwatsu kuma aka goge su a cikin Isra'ila don fitarwa zuwa Amurka, da farko ga samari masu wahala waɗanda suka haɗiye taken talla na De Beers cewa lu'u-lu'u na har abada ne.
Afirka ta Kudu tana matsayi na 47th a cikin binciken DIMSE. An shigo da makamai daga Isra'ila tun daga 2000 sun kasance tsarin radar da kwandon jirgi don cinikin makamai BAE / Saab Gripens, motocin tarzoma da sabis na tsaro na intanet. Abin takaici, ba a ba da ƙimar kuɗin. Kafin 2000, Afirka ta Kudu a cikin 1988 ta sayi jiragen saman yaƙi guda 60 waɗanda sojojin saman Isra’ila ba su amfani da su. An inganta jirgin a kan kudi dala biliyan 1.7 kuma aka sake masa suna Cheetah, kuma an kawo shi ne bayan 1994.
Wancan haɗin kai da Isra'ila ya zama abin kunya ga siyasa ga ANC. Kodayake wasu jiragen har yanzu suna cikin akwati, amma an sayar da waɗannan Cheetahs a farashin sayar da wuta zuwa Chile da Ecuador. Wadancan Cheetahs an maye gurbinsu da Burtaniya da Sweden BAE Hawks da BAE / Saab Gripens a kan ƙarin kuɗin dala biliyan 2.5.
Har yanzu ba a shawo kan matsalar cinikin cinikin makamai na BAE / Saab ba. Kimanin shafuka 160 na takaddama daga Ofishin Burtaniya mai tsananin damfara da Scorpions dalla-dalla yadda da yadda BAE ya ba da cin hanci na fam miliyan 115 (R2 biliyan), wanda aka ba wa waɗannan kuɗin, da kuma wane asusun banki a Afirka ta Kudu da ƙetare.
Ba tare da garantin daga gwamnatin Burtaniya da sa hannun Trevor Manuel ba, yarjejeniyar rancen Bankin Barclays ta shekaru 20 ga wadancan jiragen yakin na BAE / Saab wani misali ne na littafi na bankado bashin "duniya ta uku".
Kodayake tana da kasa da kashi daya na cinikin duniya, amma an kiyasta kasuwancin yaki ya kai kashi 40 zuwa 45 na cin hanci da rashawa a duniya. Wannan kimantawa mai ban mamaki ta fito ne daga - na duk wuraren - Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Tsakiya (CIA) ta Ma'aikatar Kasuwanci ta Amurka. [xv]
Cin hanci da rashawa na makamai ya tafi dama-zuwa-sama. Ya hada da Sarauniya, Yarima Charles da sauran membobin gidan masarautar Burtaniya.[xvi] Tare da keɓaɓɓun keɓaɓɓu, ya kuma haɗa da kowane memba na Majalisar Wakilan Amurka ba tare da la'akari da jam'iyyar siyasa ba. Shugaba Dwight Eisenhower a 1961 ya yi gargaɗi game da sakamakon abin da ya kira "rukunin soja-masana'antu-na majalisa".
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Lab, 'yan sanda na' yan sanda na mutuwa na Brazil da ma kusan 'yan sandan Amurka 100 an horar da su kan hanyoyin da' yan Isra'ila suka bi wajen murkushe Falasdinawa. Kisan George Floyd a Minneapolis da sauran Afro-Amurkawa da yawa a wasu biranen ya nuna yadda ake fitar da tashin hankali da wariyar launin fata na wariyar launin fata na Isra'ila a duk duniya. Sakamakon zanga-zangar Baƙin Lan Rayuwa ya nuna cewa Amurka babbar al'umma ce ta rashin daidaito da rashin aiki.
Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya dawo a watan Nuwamba 1977 ya yanke shawarar cewa nuna wariyar launin fata da cin zarafin bil adama a Afirka ta Kudu sun zama barazana ga zaman lafiya da tsaro na duniya. An sanya takunkumin sayan makamai wanda kasashe da yawa suka mamaye, musamman Jamus, Faransa, Birtaniyya, Amurka da musamman Isra’ila.[xvii]
An zuba biliyoyin biliyoyin kudi a Armscor da sauran 'yan kwangila na makamai kan kera makaman nukiliya, makamai masu linzami da sauran kayan aiki, wanda ya zama ba shi da amfani gaba ɗaya da adawar cikin gida ga wariyar launin fata. Duk da haka maimakon samun nasarar kare tsarin mulkin wariyar launin fata, wannan kashe kudi na kayan yaki ya dakile Afirka ta Kudu.
Kamar yadda tsohon editan ranar kasuwanci, marigayi Ken Owen ya rubuta:
“Sharrin wariyar launin fata na shugabannin farar hula ne: mahaukatansa gaba daya mallakar kungiyar hafsoshin soja ne. Abun mamaki ne game da 'yantar da mu cewa mulkin Afrikaner zai iya yin wani rabin karni idan da masu ra'ayin soja ba su karkatar da dukiyar kasa zuwa ayyukan dabaru kamar Mossgas da Sasol, Armscor da Nufcor cewa, a ƙarshe, ba su sami komai ba a gare mu sai fatarar kuɗi da kunya . ”[xviii]
Hakazalika, editan mujallar Noseweek, Martin Welz ya yi sharhi: “Isra’ila tana da kwakwalwa, amma ba su da kuɗi. Afirka ta Kudu tana da kuɗi, amma ba kwakwalwa ”. A taƙaice, Afirka ta Kudu ta ba da kuɗin bunƙasa masana'antar kera makaman Israila wacce a yau babbar barazana ce ga zaman lafiyar duniya. Lokacin da Isra’ila ta ƙare a matsin lamba daga Amurka a 1991 kuma ta fara dawowa daga ƙawancen da Afirka ta Kudu, masana'antun kera makamai na Isra’ila da shugabannin soja sun nuna adawa da ƙarfi.
Sun kasance masu neman afuwa kuma sun dage cewa "kashe kansa ne." Sun ayyana "Afirka ta Kudu ta ceci Isra'ila". Ya kamata kuma mu tuna cewa bindigogin G3 na atomatik da Policean sanda na Afirka ta Kudu suka yi amfani da su a lokacin kisan gillar Marikana na 2012 Denel ne ya ƙera su a ƙarƙashin lasisi daga Isra'ila.
Watanni biyu bayan sanannen Maganar Rubicon Shugaba PW Botha a watan Agusta 1985, wannan banki mai ra'ayin mazan jiya sau ɗaya ya zama mai neman sauyi. Ni lokacin na kasance Manajan Baitul Malin yankin Nedbank na Western Cape, kuma mai kula da ayyukan banki na duniya. Ni ma na kasance mai goyon bayan Kamfen din Kaddamar da Bautar Kasa (ECC), kuma na ki yarda a yi wa yarona rajista don shiga cikin rundunar yaki da wariyar launin fata.
Hukuncin kin yin aiki a cikin SADF shine daurin shekaru shida. Kimanin samari 25 matasa sun bar ƙasar maimakon a sanya su cikin rundunar wariyar launin fata. Wannan Afirka ta Kudu ta kasance ɗayan ƙasashe masu tashin hankali a duniya tana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke ci gaba da faruwa na mulkin mallaka da wariyar launin fata, da yaƙe-yaƙe.
Tare da Archbishop Desmond Tutu da marigayi Dr Beyers Naude, mun ƙaddamar da yaƙin neman takunkumin banki na ƙasa da ƙasa a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York a cikin 1985 a matsayin wani yunƙuri na ƙarshe na rashin ƙarfi don kauce wa yaƙin basasa da zubar da jini. Kamanceceniya tsakanin 'yancin ɗan adam na Amurka da yaƙin duniya game da wariyar launin fata sun kasance bayyane ga Afro-Amurkawa. An zartar da Dokar Anti-apartheid ta Ingantacce bayan shekara guda akan veto Shugaba Ronald Reagan.
Tare da Perestroika da ƙarshen Yaƙin Cacar Baki a cikin 1989, duka Shugaba George Bush (Babban) da Majalisar Wakilan Amurka sun yi barazanar hana Afirka ta Kudu aiwatar da duk wata ma'amala ta kuɗi a Amurka. Tutu da mu masu gwagwarmaya da nuna wariyar launin fata ba za a sake sanya mu a matsayin "kwaminisanci ba!" Wannan shine asalin maganganun Shugaba FW de Klerk a watan Fabrairun 1990. De Klerk ya ga rubutu a bango.
Ba tare da samun damar shiga manyan bankunan New York guda bakwai da tsarin biyan dalar Amurka ba, Afirka ta Kudu ba za ta iya kasuwanci a ko'ina cikin duniya ba. Daga baya Shugaba Nelson Mandela ya yarda cewa kamfen takunkumin banki na New York shi ne dabara mafi inganci wajen yaki da mulkin wariyar launin fata.[xix]
Darasi ne na musamman da ya dace a 2021 ga Isra’ila wacce, kamar wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu, ta yi da’awar ƙaryar dimokiradiyya. Shayar da masu sukarta a matsayin "mai adawa da yahudawa" yana kara zama mai samar da aiki yayin da karuwar yahudawa a duniya suka ware kansu daga akidar yahudanci.
Cewa Isra'ila ƙasa ce ta mulkin wariyar launin fata yanzu an ba da cikakken bayanai - gami da Kotun onararrakin Russell kan Falasɗinu wacce ta haɗu a Cape Town a cikin Nuwamba Nuwamba 201l. Hakan ya tabbatar da cewa halin da gwamnatin Isra’ila ke nunawa kan Falasdinawa ya cika sharuddan doka na wariyar launin fata a matsayin laifi kan wariyar launin fata.
A cikin “Isra’ila mai dacewa,” sama da dokoki 50 sun nuna wariya ga ‘yan Isra’ilawa‘ yan Falasdinu bisa la’akari da zama ‘yan kasa, kasa da yare, inda kashi 93 na filayen ya zama mallakar yahudawa kawai. A lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu, irin wannan wulakancin an bayyana shi da "karamin wariyar launin fata." Bayan “layin kore,” Hukumar Falasdinu ita ce “babbar mulkin wariyar launin fata” Bantustan, amma har ma da rashin ikon cin gashin kansa fiye da na Bantustans a Afirka ta Kudu.
Daular Rome, da Ottoman, da Faransa, da Birtaniyya da kuma Soviet duk duk sun karye daga karshe bayan an kashe su saboda kudin yakinsu. A cikin kalmomin pithy na marigayi Chalmers Johnson, wanda ya wallafa littattafai uku game da rugujewar daular Amurka a nan gaba: “abubuwan da ba za su iya ci gaba har abada ba, kar a yi.”[xx]
Rushewar da ke gabatowa yanzu ta Daular Amurka ta bayyana ta hanyar tawaye a Washington wanda Trump ya zuga a ranar 6 ga Janairu. Zaɓin a cikin zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2016 ya kasance tsakanin mai aikata laifin yaƙi da mahaukaci. Na yi jayayya a lokacin cewa mahaukaci shine ainihin mafi kyawun zabi saboda Trump zai lalata tsarin yayin da Hillary Clinton zata yi tausa kuma ta tsawaita shi.
A karkashin da'awar "kiyaye Amurka lami lafiya," an kashe daruruwan biliyoyin daloli kan makamai marasa amfani. Cewa Amurka tayi asara duk yakin da tayi tun daga yakin duniya na biyu da alama babu matsala idan dai kudin sun kai ga Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, Boeing da wasu dubban yan kwangilar makamai, gami da bankuna da kamfanonin mai.[xxi]
Amurka ta kashe dala tiriliyan 5.8 kawai kan makaman nukiliya daga 1940 har zuwa karshen Yakin Cacar Baki a 1990 kuma a bara ta ba da shawarar kashe wani dala tiriliyan 1.2 don zamanantar da su.[xxii] Yarjejeniyar kan Haramtacciyar Makamin Nukiliya ta zama dokar kasa da kasa a ranar 22 ga Janairu 2021.
Isra’ila tana da kimanin kawunan makaman nukiliya tamanin da aka nufi Iran. Shugaba Richard Nixon da Henry Kissinger a 80 sun kulla almara cewa "Amurka za ta yarda da matsayin nukiliyar Isra'ila matukar Isra'ila ba ta amince da hakan a fili ba". [xxiii]
Kamar yadda Hukumar Makamashin Nukiliya ta Duniya (IAEA) ta yarda, Iran ta yi watsi da burinta na kera makaman nukiliya tun a shekarar 2003 bayan da Amurkawa suka rataye Saddam Hussein, wanda ya kasance “mutuminsu” a Iraki. Nacewar da Isra’ila ta yi cewa Iran barazana ce ga zaman lafiyar duniya da tsaro ya zama karya kamar bayanan leken asirin Isra’ila a 2003 game da “makaman kare dangi” na Iraki.
Baturen Ingila ya “gano” mai a Farisa (Iran) a 1908, kuma ya washe shi. Bayan zababbiyar gwamnatin demokradiyya ta mayar da masana'antar man fetur ta Iran kasa, gwamnatocin Birtaniyya da na Amurka a cikin 1953 suka shirya juyin mulki, sannan suka goyi bayan muguwar kama-karya ta Shah har aka kifar da shi a lokacin juyin juya halin Iran na 1979.
Amurkawa sun kasance (kuma suna nan) cikin fushi. Don ɗaukar fansa da haɗin kai tare da Saddam tare da gwamnatoci da yawa (gami da mulkin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu), da gangan Amurka ta ƙaddamar da yakin shekara takwas tsakanin Iraki da Iran. Ganin cewa wannan tarihin har ma da sokewar da Trump ya yi game da Babban Tsarin Hadin Kai (JCPOA), ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa Iraniyawa suna da shakku sosai game da alkawurran Amurka na bin duk wata yarjejeniya ko yarjejeniyoyi.
A halin da ake ciki akwai rawar dalar Amurka a matsayin kuɗin ajiyar duniya, da ƙudurin Amurka na ƙaddamar da ikon kuɗi da na soja a duk duniya. Wannan kuma ya bayyana dalilin da yasa Trump yayi kokarin haifar da juyin juya hali a kasar Venezuela, wacce ke da mafi arzikin man fetur a duniya.
Trump ya yi ikirarin a shekarar 2016 cewa zai "malale fadamar" a Washington. Madadin haka, a lokacin kallonsa na shugaban kasa, fadamar ta rikide zuwa wani rami, kamar yadda ya haskaka ta yadda yake hulda da makamai tare da masu adawa da Saudiyya, Isra'ila da UAE tare da "yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta karnin" tare da Isra'ila.[xxiv]
Shugaba Joe Biden ya bashi damar zaben nasa ne sakamakon zaben ba-Amurke na Amurka a cikin “jihohin shudi”. Ganin irin tarzomar da aka yi a shekarar 2020 da kuma tasirin abubuwan da aka gabatar game da rayuwar bakaken fata, da talaucin masu fada aji da masu aiki, dole ne shugabancinsa ya fifita lamuran kare hakkin dan adam a cikin gida, sannan kuma ya fice daga kasashen duniya.
Bayan shekaru 20 na yaƙe-yaƙe tun daga 9/11, Amurka da Rasha da Iran a Iraki sun mamaye Amurka Kuma har yanzu Afghanistan ta sake tabbatar da sunan ta na tarihi a matsayin "makabartar masarautu". A matsayin gadar ƙasa tsakanin Asiya, Turai da Afirka, Gabas ta Tsakiya na da mahimmanci ga burin China na sake tabbatar da matsayinta na tarihi a matsayin ƙasa mafi rinjaye a duniya.
Yakin da Isra'ila / Saudi / Amurka ta yi da Iran ba tare da gangan ba zai haifar da da hannun Rasha da China. Sakamakon duniya na iya zama masifa ga ɗan adam.
Haushin duniya bayan kisan dan jaridar nan Jamal Khashoggi ya kara rikicewa ta hanyar bayyana cewa Amurka da Birtaniyya (da sauran kasashen da suka hada da Afirka ta Kudu) sun hada kai wajen samar da Saudiyya da UAE ba wai kawai makamai ba har ma da samar da tallafi na kayan aiki don yakin Saudi da UAE a Yemen.
Biden ya riga ya sanar da cewa dangantakar Amurka da Saudiyya za ta "sake zama".[xxv] Yayinda yake shelar "Amurka ta dawo," abubuwan da ke gaban gwamnatin Biden sune rikice-rikicen cikin gida. Matsakaici da azuzuwan aiki sun talauta kuma, saboda fifikon kuɗin da aka bayar don yaƙe-yaƙe tun daga 9/11, an manta da abubuwan more rayuwa na Amurka. Gargadin Eisenhower a cikin 1961 yanzu ana tabbatar da shi.
Fiye da kashi 50 cikin 2 na kasafin kuɗin Gwamnatin Tarayyar Amurka an kashe shi kan shirya yaƙe-yaƙe, da ci gaba da tsadar kuɗaɗen yaƙe-yaƙe. Duniya a kowace shekara tana kashe dala tiriliyan XNUMX don shirye-shiryen yaƙi, mafi yawansu Amurka da ƙawayenta na NATO. Aananan ɓangaren hakan na iya tallafawa matsalolin sauyin yanayi na gaggawa, rage talauci da sauran abubuwan fifiko.
Tun lokacin Yom Kippur War a 1973, ana siyar da man OPEC a dalar Amurka kawai. A wata yarjejeniya da Henry Kissinger ya tattauna, mizanin man Saudiyya ya maye gurbin na zinariya.[xxvi] Abubuwan duniya sun kasance babba, kuma sun haɗa da:
- Amurka da Burtaniya sun ba wa dangin masarautar Saudiyya lamura na tawayen gida,
- Dole ne a sanya farashin OPEC a dalar Amurka kawai, daga abin da aka sa a ajiye a bankunan New York da na London. Dangane da haka, dala ita ce kudin ajiyar duniya tare da sauran kasashen duniya da ke tallafawa tsarin bankin Amurka da tattalin arzikinta, da kuma yakokin Amurka,
- Bankin Ingila na gudanar da wani asusu na “Saudi Arabian slush fund,” wanda manufar sa ita ce ta samar da kudade don lalata zaman lafiyar kasashe masu arzikin albarkatun Asiya da Afirka. Idan Iraki, Iran, Libya ko Venezuela suna buƙatar biyan kuɗi a Euro ko zinariya maimakon dala, sakamakon haka shine "canza tsarin mulki".
Godiya ga ma'aunin man Saudiyya, kamar sauran biyun duniya suna biyan kuɗin kashe kuɗin sojan Amurka. Wannan ya hada da farashin kusan sansanonin Amurka guda 1 a duk duniya, manufar su shine tabbatar da cewa Amurka da kashi hudu cikin dari na yawan mutanen duniya zasu iya kula da karfin soji da na kudi. Kimanin 000 daga waɗannan sansanonin suna Afirka, biyu daga cikinsu a Libya.[xxvii]
"Kawancen ido biyar" na fararen kasashe masu magana da Ingilishi (wanda ya hada da Amurka, Birtaniyya, Kanada, Ostiraliya da New Zealand kuma wacce Isra’ila ta kasance mamba a zahiri) sun yi wa kansu girman kai na hakkin sanya baki kusan a ko ina a duniya. NATO ta shiga cikin mummunan rikici a Libya a cikin 2011 bayan Muammar Gaddafi ya nemi a biya shi zinariya don man Libya maimakon dala.
Tare da Amurka a cikin koma bayan tattalin arziki da China a hawanta, irin wadannan tsarin soja da na kudi ba su dace da manufa ba a cikin 21st karni, kuma ba mai araha bane. Bayan hade rikicin rikicin kudi na 2008 tare da bayar da belin bankuna da kuma Wall Street, cutar ta Covid gami da ma manyan kudaden bada belin ta ta hanzarta durkusar da Daular Amurka.
Ya yi daidai da gaskiyar cewa Amurka ba ta ma kasance babbar mai shigo da man fetur da dogaro da man Gabas ta Tsakiya ba. China ta maye gurbin Amurka, wanda kuma shine babbar mai ba da bashi ta Amurka kuma mai riƙe da Dokokin Baitul malin Amurka. Tasirin da hakan zai haifar wa Isra'ila a matsayin kasar da ta kafa mulkin mallaka a kasashen Larabawa zai kasance babba da zarar “babban uba” ba zai iya ba ko kuma ba zai sa baki ba.
Farashin zinare da mai sun kasance ma'aunin ma'auni ne wanda ake auna rikice-rikice na duniya. Farashin gwal ya tsaya cak kuma farashin mai shima ba shi da ƙarfi, yayin da tattalin arzikin Saudiyya ke cikin mawuyacin hali.
Ya bambanta, farashin bitcoins ya yi rudu - daga $ 1 000 lokacin da Trump ya hau ofis a 2017 zuwa sama da $ 58 000 a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu. Hatta masu aikin banki na New York ba zato ba tsammani suna shirin cewa farashin bitcoin har ma zai iya kaiwa $ 200 000 a ƙarshen 2021 yayin da dalar Amurka ta shiga cikin koma baya, kuma sabon tsarin hada-hadar kuɗi na duniya ya fito daga cikin rikici.[xxviii]
Terry Crawford-Browne shine World BEYOND War Cowararren --asa - Afirka ta Kudu, kuma marubucin Eye a kan Kudi (2007), Eye a kan Diamonds, (2012) da Eye a kan Zinare (2020).
[i] Kersten Knipp, "Lab: Falasdinawa kamar Guinea Aladu?" Deutsche Welle / Qantara de 2013, 10 Disamba 2013.
[ii] Bayanin Bayanai na Haramtacciyar Soja da Tsaro na Isra'ila (DIMSA). Kwamitin Sabis na Abokan Amurka, Nuwamba 2020. https://www.dimse.info/
[iii] Judah Ari Gross, "Bayan kotuna sun yi gagging yanke hukunci a kan sayar da makamai ga Myanmar, masu gwagwarmaya kira ga zanga-zanga," Times of Israel, 28 Satumba 2017.
[iv] Owen Bowcott da Rebecca Ratcliffe, “Babbar kotun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta umurci Myanmar da ta kare Rohingya daga Kisan Kiyashi, The Guardian, 23 Janairu 2020.
[v] Richard Silverstein, "Abokan Cinikin Makamai na Isra'ila," Jaridar Jacobin, Nuwamba Nuwamba 2018.
[vi] Jeff Halper, Yaƙi da Jama'a: Isra'ila, Falasdinawa da Tattaunawar Duniya, Latsa Pluto, London 2015
[vii] Ben Hallman, "Dalilai 5 da yasa Luanda Leaks ya fi Angola girma," Consortium ta Duniya ta 'Yan Jarida Masu Binciken (ICIJ), 21 ga Janairu 2020.
[viii] Reuters, “Angola ta matsa don kwace kadarorin da ke da alaka da Dos Santos a Kotun Dutch,” Times Live, 8 Fabrairu 2021.
[ix] Mashahurin Duniya, “Dan hamshakin attajirin nan Dan Gertler ya bayyana cewa ya yi amfani da hanyar sadarwar da ake zargi da safarar kudaden kasashen duniya don kauce wa takunkumin Amurka da samun sabbin kadarar ma'adanai a DRC," 2 ga Yuli 2020.
[X] Human Rights Watch, “Wasikar hadin gwiwa zuwa ga Amurka kan lasisin Dan Gertler (Lamba GLOMAG-2021-371648-1), 2 ga Fabrairu 2021.
[xi] Sean Clinton, “Tsarin Kimberley: Kamfanin Isra’ila na biliyoyin dala na masana'antar lu’ulu’u,” Middle East Monitor, 19 Nuwamba 2019.
[xii] Tetra Tech a madadin US AID, “Artisanal Diamond Mining Sector in Côte D’Ivoire,” Oktoba 2012.
[xiii] - Greg Campbell, Lu'u-lu'u na Jini: Bibiyan Hanyar Mutuwar Mafi Girma Duwatsu a Duniya, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, 2002.
[xiv] Sam Sole, "Zim masu kada kuri'a 'mirgine a hannun wanda ake zargi da kamfanin Isra'ila," Mail da Guardian, 12 Afrilu 2013.
[xv] Joe Roeber, "Mai Wuya Mai Hanyar Cin Hanci da Rashawa," Mujallar Prospect, 28 ga Agusta 2005
[xvi] Phil Miller, "An bayyana: Masarautar Burtaniya sun hadu da azzaluman masarautu na Gabas ta Tsakiya sama da sau 200 tun lokacin da Guguwar Larabawa ta barke shekaru 10 da suka gabata," Daily Maverick, 23 ga Fabrairu 2021.
[xvii] Sasha Polakow-Suransky, Hadin gwiwar da ba a bayyana ba: Alaƙar Sirrin Isra'ila da Afirka ta Kudu ta wariyar launin fata, Jacana Media, Cape Town, 2010.
[xviii] Ken Owen, Lahadi Times, 25 Yuni 1995.
[xix] Anthony Sampson, "Jarumi daga Zamanin Kattai," Cape Times, 10 Disamba 2013.
[xx] Chalmers Johnson (wanda ya mutu a 2010) ya rubuta littattafai da yawa. Gwaninsa a kan Daular Amurka, Blowback (2004), The Sorrows na Empire (2004) da kuma Nemesis (2007) mayar da hankali kan fatarar daular da ke zuwa a nan gaba saboda rashin karfin soja. Hirar bidiyo ta minti 52 da aka samar a cikin 2018 ƙirar hangen nesa ce kuma ana samun sa kyauta-kyauta. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZwFm64_uXA
[xxi] William Hartung, Annabawan Yaƙi: Lockheed Martin da Yin ofungiyar Masana'antu ta Soja, 2012
[xxii] Hart Rapaport, "Gwamnatin Amurka na shirin kashe sama da dala tiriliyan kan Makaman Nukiliya," Aikin Columbia K = 1, Cibiyar Nazarin Nukiliya, 9 ga Yuli 2020
[xxiii] Avner Cohen da William Burr, “Shin ba sa son cewa Isra’ila tana da Bam? Zargi Nixon, ”Harkokin Kasashen Waje, 12 Satumba 2014.
[xxiv] Interactive Al Jazeera.com, "Tsarin Gabas ta Tsakiya na Trump da karnin da Ba a Yi nasara ba," 28 Janairu 2020.
[xxv] Becky Anderson, "Amintaccen sidi na Yariman Amurka a sake dawowa da Saudi Arabia," CNN, 17 Fabrairu 2021
[xxvi] F. William Engdahl, Centarni na Yaƙin: Siyasar Man Fetur na Amurka da Sabuwar Duniya, 2011.
[xxvii] Nick Turse, "Sojojin Amurka sun ce suna da 'sawun haske a Afirka: Wadannan takardu suna nuna tarin hanyoyin sadarwa.' Sanarwar, 1 Disamba 2018.
[xxviii] “Shin ya kamata Duniya ta rungumi Cryptocurrencies?” Al Jazeera: Ciki Labari, 12 Fabrairu 2021.
