Pedro Castillo yana magana a wurin taron kamfen. Hotuna: AP
ta Medea Benjamin kuma Leonardo Flores, CODEPINK, Yuni 8, 2021
Tare da fadi da-brimmed baƙauye hat kuma oversized malamin fensir gudanar high, Peru ta Pedro Castillo ya kasance tafiya cikin ƙasa wasiyya masu jefa kuri'a don samun bayan wani kira da cewa ya kasance musamman gaggawa a lokacin da wannan mummunar cutar AIDS: "Babu Mas pobres en un Pais Rico" - Babu mafi yawan talakawa a cikin ƙasa mai arziki. A wani cliffhanger na wani zaben tare da wata babbar birane-yankunan karkara da kuma aji raba, ta bayyana cewa yankunan karkara malami, manomi da kuma ƙungiyar shugaban ne game da yin tarihin ta doke-da kasa da kashi daya-m nisa-dama dan takarar Keiko Fujimori, Scion na siyasar “Daular Fujimori.”
Fujimori na kalubalantar sakamakon zaben, yana mai zargin an tafka magudi. Ta yaƙin neman zaɓe ya kawai ya gabatar da shaida na ware magudi, kuma ya zuwa yanzu babu wani abu don bayar da shawarar a bataccen zaben. Duk da haka, ta iya kalubalanci wasu daga cikin kuri'un da jinkirta da karshe sakamakon, kuma da yawa kamar a Amurka, ko da wani zargin zamba da rasa dan takarar da zai sa rashin tabbas da ya jawo tashin hankali a kasar.
Nasarar Castillo ba zata zama abin birgewa ba kawai saboda malami ne na hagu wanda dan manoma ne marasa ilimi kuma kamfen dinsa ya samu gagarumar nasara daga Fujimori, amma akwai wata farfaganda mara da'awa akansa wacce ta shafi tsoffin tsoffin masu fada aji na Peru da manyan mutane. Ya kasance irin wannan to abin da ya faru kwanan nan ga m takarar Andres Arauz wanda ya fadi Ekwado ta zaben, amma na fi tsanani. Grupo El Comercio, kafofin watsa labaru sun haɗa kai da cewa ke sarrafa 80% na jaridun Peru, ya jagoranci tuhumar da ake yiwa Castillo. Sun zarge shi da zama ɗan ta’adda da ke da alaƙa da Shining Path, wata ƙungiya ta guan daba wacce rikicin ta da jihar tsakanin 1980 da 2002 ya haifar da mutuwar dubun dubata kuma ya bar jama’ar ta shiga halin damuwa. Haɗin Castillo zuwa hanyar Shining Path bashi da kyau: Yayin da jagora tare da Sutep, ƙungiyar ma'aikatan ilimi, aka ce Castillo ya kasance mai kawance da Movadef, Movementungiyar Amnesty da Kare Hakkin Mallaka, ƙungiyar da ake zargin ta kasance reshen siyasa na ƙungiyar Hanya mai haske. A zahiri, Castillo kansa ya mai rondero lokacin da tawayen ya fi karfi. Ronderos ƙungiyoyin kare kai ne baƙauye waɗanda ke ba da kariya ga al'ummominsu daga guan tawayen kuma suna ci gaba da samar da tsaro daga aikata laifi da tashin hankali.
Makonni biyu kafin zaben, a kan May 23, 18 mutane da aka karkashe a yankunan karkara Peru garin San Miguel del Ene. Gwamnati nan take dangana kai hari ga ragowar Tafarkin Shining da ke cikin fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi, kodayake babu wata ƙungiya da ta ɗauki alhakin har yanzu. Kafofin watsa labarai da nasaba da harin zuwa Castillo da yaƙin neman zaɓe, bulalar up tsoron karin tashin hankali ya kamata ya lashe shugabancin. Castillo sunyi tir da harin da tunãtar da Peruvians cewa irin wannan kisan kiyashi da ya faru a cikin gudu-har zuwa ga Zaben 2011 da 2016. Domin ta bangare, Fujimori shawara An danganta Castillo da kisan.
Jaridun Peruvian suna yada tsoro game da Castillo. Hotuna daga Marco Teruggi, @Rariyajarida
A bangaren tattalin arziki, an zargi Castillo da kasancewa mai ra'ayin gurguzu wanda ke son ya mayar da manyan masana'antu masana'antu, kuma zai mai da Peru ta zama "zaluncin kama-karya"Kamar Venezuela. Allon talla da ke kan babbar hanyar Lima ya tambayi jama'ar: "Shin kuna son zama a Cuba ko Venezuela?" yana nufin nasarar Castillo. Kamar yadda aka gani a cikin hotunan da ke sama, jaridu sun danganta kamfen din Castillo da rage darajar kudin Peru kuma suka yi gargadin cewa nasarar da aka samu a Castillo za ta fi cutar da masu karamin karfi na Peru saboda kasuwancin zasu rufe ko su yi tafiya zuwa kasashen waje. Lokaci da lokaci kuma, kamfen ɗin Castillo yana da bayyana cewa shi ba dan kwaminisanci ba ne kuma manufar sa ba ta mayar da masana'antun kasar bane amma ya sake tattaunawa ne kan wasu kwangiloli tare da kasashe masu yawa ta yadda yawancin ribar zai kasance tare da al'ummomin yankin.
A halin yanzu, kafofin watsa labarai sun dauki Fujimori da safar hannu ta yara a yayin yakin neman zaben, inda daya daga cikin jaridun a cikin hotunan da ke sama ta yi ikirarin cewa “Keiko ya bada tabbacin aiki, abinci, kiwon lafiya da kuma sake farfado da tattalin arziki nan take.” Kafafen yada labarai na kamfanoni ba su kula da rayuwarta ta baya a matsayin uwargidan shugaban kasa a lokacin mummunan mulkin mahaifinta Alberto Fujimori. Tana iya iƙirarin cewa “fujimorismo ta kayar da ta’addanci” ba tare da an kalubalance ta ba game da mummunan abin da fujimorismo ya jawo wa ƙasar, gami da tilasta yin lalata da Mata 270,000 da maza 22,000 ga wanda mahaifinta ne a kan shari'a. A yanzu haka yana gidan yari kan wasu take hakkin bil adama da cin hanci da rashawa, duk da cewa Keiko ya yi alkawarin sakin shi idan ta ci nasara. Hakanan ba a kula da gaskiyar cewa Keiko kanta tana daga beli kamar na shekarar bara, har zuwa wani binciken hada-hadar kudi, kuma ba tare da rigakafin shugaban kasa ba, tabbas za ta kasance a kurkuku.
Kafofin watsa labarai na duniya ba su da bambanci a labaran da ba daidai ba game da Castillo da Fujimori, tare da Bloomberg ya yi gargadin cewa “fitattun mutane sun yi rawar jiki ”a tunanin Castillo a matsayin shugaban ƙasa da kuma The Financial Times kanun labarai tana kururuwa "Manyan jiga-jigan kasar ta Peru cikin firgici saboda tsammanin nasara a zaben shugaban kasa.
Tattalin arzikin Peru ya bunkasa yadda yakamata a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, amma wannan ci gaban bai ɗaga dukkan jiragen ruwa ba. Miliyoyin mutanen Peru da ke karkara jihar ta bar su. A saman da cewa, kamar mutane da yawa na da makwabta (ciki har da Colombia da Chile da kuma Ekwado), Peru ya underinvested a kiwon lafiya, ilmi da kuma sauran social shirye-shirye. Irin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka sun lalata tsarin kiwon lafiya wanda yanzu Peru tana da bambancin kunya na jagorantar duk duniya a cikin kowace mace Covid-19 mace-mace.
Baya ga bala'in lafiyar jama'a, 'yan ƙasar ta Peru suna rayuwa cikin rikice-rikicen siyasa wanda ke da alaƙa da manyan shari'o'in rashawa da shugaban ƙasa huɗu a cikin shekaru uku. Biyar daga cikin shuwagabannin kasar nan bakwai na karshe sun fuskanci zarge-zargen cin hanci da rashawa. A cikin 2020, Shugaba Martín Vizcarra (shi da kansa ake zargi da cin hanci da rashawa) an tsige shi, ba a tantance shi ba kuma an maye gurbinsa da Manuel Merino. An la'anci motsawar a matsayin juyin mulkin majalisa, wanda ya haifar da kwanaki da yawa na zanga-zangar tituna. Kwanaki biyar kacal da yin aikin nasa, Merino ya yi murabus kuma Shugaban na yanzu Francisco Sagasti ya maye gurbinsa.
Ofaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin yakin neman zaben Castillo ita ce shirya ƙuri'ar raba gardama don barin mutane su yanke shawara ko suna son sabon kundin tsarin mulki ko kuma suna son a ci gaba da rubuta wanda yake a yanzu a cikin 1993 a ƙarƙashin mulkin Alberto Fujimori, wanda ya dasa tsarin mulkin mallaka.
"Tsarin mulki na yanzu ya fifita bukatun masu zaman kansu fiye da bukatun jama'a, cin riba a kan rayuwa da mutunci," in ji nasa shirin gwamnati. Castillo ya ba da shawarar cewa sabon kundin tsarin mulki ya hada da masu zuwa: amincewa da kuma tabbatar da hakkokin kiwon lafiya, ilimi, abinci, gidaje da intanet; sanarwa ga 'yan asalin ƙasar da kuma bambancin al'adun ƙasar ta Peru; amincewa da haƙƙin yanayi; sake fasalin jihar don mayar da hankali kan nuna gaskiya da hadin kan 'yan kasa; da kuma muhimmiyar rawa ga jihar a dabarun shiryawa don tabbatar da cewa jama'a sha'awa daukan precedence.
A fagen manufofin ketare, nasarar Castillo za ta wakiltar babban rauni ga muradun Amurka a yankin kuma muhimmin mataki na sake farfaɗo da haɗin Latin Amurka. Ya yi alkawari da su janye Peru daga Lima Group, wani wucin gadi kwamitin kasashen sadaukar da gwamnatin canji a Venezuela.
Bugu da kari, da Peru Libre jam'iyyar na da da ake kira korar USAID da kuma ga ƙulli daga Amurka tayi sansanin sojojin ta a kasar. Castillo shima ya nuna goyan baya don magance OAS kuma karfafa duka biyu ofungiyar Latinasashen Latin Amurka da Caribbean (CELAC) da ofungiyar Nationsasashen Kudancin Amurka (UNASUR). Wannan nasara ita ma alama ce mai kyau ga hagu a kasashen Chile, Kolombiya da Brazil, kowannensu na da zaben shugaban kasa a shekara mai zuwa da rabi.
Castillo zai fuskanci babban aiki, tare da taron majalisa na adawa, ajin masu adawa da abokan adawa, 'yan jaridu masu adawa kuma mai yiwuwa, gwamnatin Biden mai adawa. Tallafin miliyoyin mutanen da ke fusata da himmatuwa don neman canji, tare da haɗin kan ƙasashen duniya, zai zama mabuɗin don cika alƙawarin da ya ɗauka lokacin yakin neman zaɓe na magance buƙatun mafi talauci da ɓangarorin al'ummomin Peru.
Medea Biliyaminu, wacce ta kirkiro kungiyar zaman lafiya CODEPINK kuma marubuciyar litattafai akan Gabas ta Tsakiya da Latin Amurka, tana kasar Peru tare da wata tawagar masu sa ido a zaben da kungiyar Progressive International ta shirya.
Leonardo Flores masanin siyasa ne na Latin Amurka kuma mai kamfen tare da CODEPINK.
