By Medea Biliyaminu da Ariel Gold, World BEYOND War, Janairu 25, 2021
Jajircewar Shugaba Biden na sake kulla yarjejeniyar nukiliyar Iran - wacce aka fi sani da Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action ko JCPOA — tuni ta fara fuskantar turjiya daga matattun matattarar jirgin na warhawks na gida da na waje. A yanzu haka, masu adawa da sake kulla yarjejeniyar sun mayar da hankali ne kan daya daga cikin manyan masanan kasar kan Gabas ta Tsakiya da diflomasiyya: Robert Malley, wanda Biden zai iya zama wakilin Iran na gaba.
A ranar 21 ga Janairu, ɗan jaridar nan mai ra'ayin mazan jiya Elli Lake rubuta wani yanki na ra'ayi a cikin Bloomberg News yana jayayya cewa Shugaba Biden bai kamata ya nada Malley ba saboda Malley ya yi biris da take hakkin dan adam da Iran ke yi da kuma "ta'addanci a yankin". Dan majalisar dattijai Tom Tom auduga ya sake bayyana wani yanki na Lake tare da je: “Malley yana da dogon tarihi na nuna juyayi ga gwamnatin Iran & animus ga Isra’ila. Ayatollahs ba za su yarda da sa'arsu ba idan aka zabe shi. ” Pro-canza Iraniyawa irin su Mariam Memarsadeghi, 'yan jaridar Amurka masu ra'ayin mazan jiya kamar na Breitbart Joel Pollak, da kuma dama-dama Kungiyar Zionist ta Amurka suna adawa da Malley. Benjamin Netanyahu ya bayyana 'yan adawa ga Malley samun nadin da Manjo Janar Yaakov Amidror, babban mai ba da shawara ga Firayim Minista, ya ce idan Amurka ta sake komawa JCPOA, Isra'ila may dauki matakin soja kan Iran. Takardar koke da adawa da Malley ta ma fara Change.org.
Me ya sa Malley ya zama wannan barazanar ga waɗannan masu adawa da tattaunawa da Iran?
Malley ita ce ta gaba ga wakilin Trump na Musamman a Iran Elliot Abrams, wanda kawai burinsa shi ne tatse tattalin arziki da haifar da rikici a cikin fatan sauya tsarin mulki. Malley, a gefe guda, yana da kira Manufofin Amurka ta Gabas ta Tsakiya “da yawa daga kamfanonin da suka gaza” wanda ke bukatar “tunani kai” kuma shi mai gaskatawa ne da diflomasiyya.
A karkashin gwamnatocin Clinton da Obama, Malley ya taimaka wajen shirya taron 2000 Camp David a matsayin Mataimaki na Musamman ga Shugaba Clinton; yayi aiki a matsayin Ko'odineten Fadar White House na Obama na Gabas ta Tsakiya, Arewacin Afirka, da yankin Gulf; kuma shi ne jagoran tattaunawar kan ma'aikatan Fadar White House don Yarjejeniyar Nukiliyar Iran ta 2015. Lokacin da Obama ya bar ofis, Malley ya zama shugaban Cungiyar Rikicin Duniya, ƙungiyar da aka kafa a 1995 don hana yaƙe-yaƙe.
A cikin shekarun Trump, Malley ya kasance mai sukar manufofin Trump na Iran. A wani yanki na Atlantika da ya ba da izini, ya yi tir da shirin Trump na janyewa kuma karyata suka game da sassan faɗuwar rana a yarjejeniyar da ba ta tsawaita ba har tsawon shekaru. "Yanayin-lokaci na wasu daga cikin matsalolin [a cikin JCPOA] ba aibi ba ne na yarjejeniyar, ya zama abin bukata a gare ta," ya rubuta. "Hakikanin abin da aka zaba a shekarar 2015 shi ne tsakanin cimma yarjejeniyar da ta hana girman shirin nukiliyar Iran din na tsawon shekaru da kuma tabbatar da binciken kutse har abada, ko rashin samun hakan."
He hukunta Matsakaicin matsin lamba na matsin lamba a matsayin rashin nasara mafi girma, yana mai bayanin cewa a duk tsawon shugabancin Trump, “Shirye-shiryen nukiliyar Iran ya karu, yana kara zama ba a kangin JCPOA. Tehran tana da madaidaitan makamai masu linzami fiye da kowane lokaci kuma mafi yawansu. Hoton yanki ya ƙara ƙaruwa, ba ƙasa da ƙasa ba. ”
Yayin da masu zagin Malley ke zarginsa da yin biris da mummunan halin kare hakkin dan Adam na gwamnatin, amma tsaron kasa da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da ke goyon bayan Malley sun fada a cikin wata wasika ta hadin gwiwa cewa tun lokacin da Trump ya bar yarjejeniyar nukiliyar, “kungiyoyin fararen hula na Iran suna da rauni kuma sun fi zama saniyar ware, yana sanya musu wahala. don bayar da shawarar kawo canji. ”
Hawks suna da wani dalili na adawa da Malley: ƙin nuna goyon baya makafi ga Isra'ila. A cikin 2001 Malley co-ya rubuta wani Labari ga New York Review suna jayayya cewa gazawar tattaunawar Isra’ila da Falasdinu ta Camp David ba shi ne kawai laifin shugaban Falasdinawa Yasir Arafat ba amma ya hada da shugaban Isra’ila na lokacin Ehud Barak. Kirkirar Amurka da ke goyon bayan Isra’ila bai bata lokaci ba zargin Malley na samun nuna wariyar Isra'ila.
Malley ya kasance matashin kai don ganawa da mambobin kungiyar siyasa ta Falasdinawa ta Hamas, Amurka ta ayyana kungiyar ta'addanci a Amurka In a wasika ga The New York Times, Malley ya bayyana cewa waɗannan ci karo na daga cikin aikinsa lokacin da yake daraktan shirin Gabas ta Tsakiya a Cungiyar Rikicin Internationalasa ta Duniya, kuma jami'an Amurka da na Isra’ila sun nemi shi akai-akai ya yi musu bayani a kan waɗannan tarurrukan.
Tare da gwamnatin Biden da ke fuskantar adawa daga Isra’ila game da aniyarta ta komawa JCPOA, ƙwarewar Malley kan Isra’ila da shirye-shiryensa na tattaunawa da dukkan ɓangarorin za su kasance masu amfani.
Malley ya fahimci cewa sake shiga cikin JCPOA dole ne a aiwatar dashi cikin sauri kuma bazai zama mai sauki ba. An shirya gudanar da zaben shugaban kasar Iran a watan Yuni kuma hasashe na nuna cewa dan takarar da ke da tsaka mai wuya ne zai yi nasara, hakan zai sa tattaunawa da Amurka ta yi wuya. Yana kuma da masaniyar cewa sake shiga JCPOA bai isa ya kwantar da rikice-rikicen yankin ba, shi ya sa goyon bayan wani yunƙuri ne na Turai don ƙarfafa tattaunawar ƙaura tsakanin Iran da makwabtan ƙasashen Gulf. A matsayinsa na Manzo na Musamman na Amurka a Iran, Malley na iya sanya nauyin Amurka a bayan wannan kokarin.
Kwarewar manufofin kasashen waje na Gabas ta Tsakiya da kuma kwarewar diflomasiyya sun sanya shi dan takarar da ya dace don sake karfafa JCPOA da taimakawa sasanta rikicin yankin. Martanin da Biden ya yi game da hayaniyar dama-dama da aka yi wa Malley zai zama gwaji ne na karfinsa a tsaye ga shaho da kuma tsara sabuwar hanya don manufofin Amurka a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Amurkawa masu son zaman lafiya yakamata su yanke shawarar Biden ta goyon bayan Alkawarin Malley.
Medea Biliyaminu shi ne mai haɓaka CODEPINK don Aminci, kuma marubucin littattafai da yawa, gami da A cikin Iran: Gaskiya da Tarihin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran.
Ariel Gold shine babban daraktan ƙasa kuma Babban Manajan Manufofin Gabas ta Tsakiya tare da CODEPINK don Aminci.
