Gwamnatin Amurka tana bin bashin fansho ga fararen hula na Afghanistan a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata na yake-yake da mummunan talauci.
by Kathy Kelly, Mujallar ci gaba, Yuli 15, 2021
A farkon wannan makon, iyalai 100 'yan Afghanistan daga Bamiyan, wani lardin karkara na tsakiyar Afghanistan wanda galibin kabilun Hazara suka fi yawa, suka tsere zuwa Kabul. Sun ji tsoron mayakan Taliban za su kawo musu hari a Bamiyan.
A cikin shekaru goman da suka gabata, na san wata kaka da ke tuna mayaƙan Talib da suka gudu a cikin 1990s, bayan da na sami labarin an kashe mijinta. Bayan haka, ta kasance budurwa gwauruwa mai 'ya'ya biyar, kuma tsawon watanni masu wahala' ya'yanta maza biyu sun rasa. Ba zan iya tunanin irin tunanin da take ciki ba wanda ya sa ta sake ƙauracewa ƙauyensu a yau. Tana daga cikin tsirarun kabilun Hazara kuma tana fatan kare jikokinta.
Idan ya zo ga jefa bala'i a kan mutanen Afghanistan marasa laifi, akwai zargi da yawa da za a raba.
'Yan Taliban sun nuna salon hango mutanen da za su iya adawa da mulkinsu na karshe kuma kai hare-hare "pre-emptive" a kan ‘yan jarida, masu rajin kare hakkin dan Adam, jami’an shari’a, masu rajin kare hakkin mata, da kungiyoyin marasa rinjaye kamar Hazara.
A wuraren da 'yan Taliban suka yi nasarar kwace gundumomi, suna iya yin mulki a kan yawan mutanen da ke jin haushi; mutanen da suka rasa girbi, gidaje, da dabbobi tuni suna fuskantar wahayi na uku na COVID-19 da mummunan fari.
A lardunan arewa da yawa, da sake fitowa na kungiyar Taliban ana iya gano gazawar gwamnatin Afghanistan, da kuma aikata laifi da cin zarafin kwamandojin sojan yankin, gami da kwace filaye, kwace, da fyade.
Shugaba Ashraf Ghani, wanda ke nuna rashin tausayi ga mutanen da ke kokarin tserewa daga Afghanistan, ake kira ga waɗanda suka tafi a matsayin mutanen da ke neman “su more.”
Amsa ga jawabinsa na ranar 18 ga Afrilu lokacin da ya yi wannan tsokaci, wata budurwa da aka kashe ‘yar uwarta,‘ yar jarida kwanan nan, ta yi tsokaci game da mahaifinta wanda ya zauna a Afghanistan tsawon shekaru saba’in da hudu, ya karfafa ’ya’yansa su zauna, kuma yanzu ta ji 'yar tana da rai da ta tafi. Yarinyar da ke raye ta ce gwamnatin Afghanistan ba za ta iya kare mutanenta ba, kuma shi ya sa suka yi kokarin ficewa.
Gwamnatin Shugaba Ghani ta karfafa kafuwar "Tashin hankali" sojoji don taimakawa kare kasar. Nan da nan, mutane suka fara tambayar yadda gwamnatin Afghanistan za ta iya tallafawa sabbin mayaka alhali kuwa tuni ba ta da alburusai da kariya ga dubunnan Sojojin Tsaro na Afghanistan da ’yan sandan yankin da suka tsere daga inda suke.
Babban mai tallafawa Forcesungiyar Tashin hankali, da alama, shi ne babban Daraktan Tsaro na ,asa, wanda babban mai tallafawa shi ne CIA.
Wasu kungiyoyin mayaka sun tara kudi ta hanyar sanya "haraji" ko kuma karbar kudi kai tsaye. Sauran suna juyawa zuwa wasu ƙasashe a yankin, duk waɗannan suna ƙarfafa hawan tashin hankali da yanke ƙauna.
Babban tashin hankali na cire nakiya Yakamata masana da ke aiki don kungiyar HALO Trust mai zaman kanta su kara mana bakin ciki da jimami. Kimanin 'yan Afghanistan 2,600 da ke aiki tare da kungiyar kwance nakiyoyi sun taimaka wajen samar da fiye da kashi 80 cikin XNUMX na kasar Afghanistan daga haramtacciyar hanyar fashewar abubuwa a kasar bayan shekaru arba'in na yaki. Abin takaici, mayakan sun afkawa kungiyar, inda suka kashe ma’aikata goma.
Human Rights Watch ya ce gwamnatin Afghanistan ba ta yi cikakken bincike kan harin ba ballantana ta binciki kisan 'yan jarida, masu rajin kare hakkin dan adam, malamai, da ma’aikatan shari’a wadanda suka fara ta’azzara bayan gwamnatin Afghanistan ya fara tattaunawar sulhu da Taliban a watan Afrilu.
Duk da haka, babu shakka, ƙungiyar da ke yaƙi a Afghanistan tare da ingantattun makamai kuma da alama ba ta da damar samun kuɗi ita ce Amurka. An kashe kuɗaɗen ba don ɗaga 'yan Afghanistan zuwa wurin tsaro ba wanda daga can ne za su yi aiki don sasanta mulkin Taliban, amma don ƙara ɓata musu rai, tare da fatarar da fatan da suke da shi na gudanar da mulki tare tare da shekaru ashirin na yaƙi da mummunan talauci. Yaƙin ya kasance share fage ne ga ƙauracewar Amurka da ba makawa da dawowar wataƙila mafi ƙarancin fushi da rashin aiki ga overan Taliban don yin mulki a kan tarwatsewar jama'a.
Janye sojojin da Shugaba Joe Biden da jami'an sojan Amurka suka yi shawara ba yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ba ce. Maimakon haka, yana nuna ƙarshen mamayar da aka samu sakamakon mamaye doka ba, kuma yayin da sojoji ke barin, Gwamnatin Biden ta riga ta tsara shirye-shirye don "A sararin sama" sa ido kan jirage marasa matuka, hare-haren jirage marasa matuka, da kuma kai hare-hare ta jirgin sama "wanda zai iya ta da hankali da kuma tsawaita yakin.
Ya kamata 'yan ƙasar Amurka su yi la’akari da ba kawai sakamakon kuɗi don halakar da shekaru ashirin na yaƙi ya haifar ba har ma da ƙaddamar da wargaza tsarin yaƙe-yaƙe da ya kawo irin wannan bala’i, hargitsi, rashi, da kuma yin hijira zuwa Afghanistan.
Ya kamata muyi hakuri da hakan, a lokacin 2013, lokacin da Amurka ciyar kimanin dala miliyan 2 ga kowane soja, a kowace shekara, da aka girka a Afghanistan, adadin yaran Afghanistan da ke fama da rashin abinci ya tashi da kashi 50 cikin dari. A lokaci guda, farashin ƙara gishirin iodized ga abincin yaran Afganistan don taimakawa rage haɗarin lalacewar kwakwalwa da yunwa ta haifar zai kasance aninti 5 ga kowane yaro a kowace shekara.
Ya kamata mu yi nadama sosai yayin da Amurka ta gina wasu sansanonin soja a Kabul, yawan mutanen da ke sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira ya tashi. A lokacin tsananin hunturu, mutane matsananciyar wahala don ɗumi a cikin sansanin 'yan gudun hijirar Kabul zai ƙone - sannan kuma dole numfashi — filastik. Manyan motoci dauke da abinci, mai, ruwa, da kayayyaki koyaushe shiga sansanin sojan Amurka kai tsaye a ƙetaren hanyar daga wannan sansanin.
Ya kamata mu sani, tare da kunya, cewa 'yan kwangilar Amurka sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar gina asibitoci da makarantu waɗanda daga baya aka ƙaddara su kasance asibitocin fatalwa da makarantun bogi, wuraren da ma ba su wanzu ba.
A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 2015, lokacin da asibiti guda kawai ke yiwa mutane da yawa aiki a lardin Kunduz, Sojan Sama na Amurka jefa bam a asibiti a tsakanin mintuna 15 na awanni daya da rabi, suka kashe mutane 42 ciki har da ma’aikata 13, uku daga cikinsu likitoci ne. Wannan harin ya taimaka wajen haskaka laifin yaki na asibitocin bama-bamai a duk duniya.
Kwanan baya, a cikin 2019, an kaiwa ma'aikatan ƙaura a Nangarhar hari lokacin da jirgi mara matuki ya harba makamai masu linzami cikin sansanin su na dare. Mai wani gandun dajin goro ya dauki leburori, ciki har da yara, don girbe goro, kuma ya sanar da jami'ai kafin lokaci, da fatan kaucewa duk wani rudani. 30 daga cikin ma'aikatan an kashe su yayin da suke hutawa bayan rana mai gajiyar aiki. Fiye da mutane 40 suka ji mummunan rauni.
Tubawar Amurka ga tsarin mulkin kai hare-hare ta jiragen sama marasa matuka, wanda aka gudanar a Afghanistan da duniya baki daya, tare da bakin ciki ga dimbin fararen hula da aka kashe, ya kamata ya haifar da matukar godiya ga Daniel Hale, wani mai fallasar jirgin sama wanda ya fallasa yaduwar da kisan gillar da aka yiwa fararen hula.
Tsakanin Janairu 2012 da Fabrairu 2013, a cewar wani Labari in Tsarin kalma, wadannan hare-hare ta sama “sun kashe fiye da mutane 200. Daga cikinsu, talatin da biyar ne kawai aka nufa. A cikin tsawon watanni biyar na aikin, a cewar takardun, kusan kashi 90 na mutanen da aka kashe a hare-hare ta sama ba wadanda aka nufa ba ne. ”
A karkashin dokar leken asiri, Hale na fuskantar shekaru goma a gidan yari a hukuncin da aka yanke masa a ranar 27 ga watan Yulin.
Ya kamata muyi hakuri game da samame da dare wanda ya firgita fararen hula, ya kashe mutanen da ba su ji ba ba su gani ba, kuma daga baya aka yarda cewa sun samo asali ne daga bayanan da ba su dace ba.
Dole ne muyi la'akari da irin karancin kulawar da zababbun jami'an mu suka taba ba mu
na shekara-shekara "Sufeto-Janar na Musamman kan sake gina Afghanistan"
rahotanni wadanda suka yi bayani dalla-dalla game da darajar zamba, cin hanci da rashawa, 'yancin ɗan adam
take hakki da gazawa ga cimma burin da aka bayyana masu alaƙa da cin zarafin magunguna ko
fuskantar fasadi masu fasadi.
Ya kamata mu ce mun yi haƙuri, mun yi baƙin ciki ƙwarai, don yin kame-kame a Afghanistan saboda dalilan agaji, lokacin da, a gaskiya, ba mu fahimci komai game da damuwar jin kai na mata da yara a Afghanistan ba.
Al'umar farar hula a Afghanistan sun sha yin kira ga zaman lafiya.
Lokacin da na tuna da tsararraki a Afghanistan waɗanda suka sha wahala ta yaƙi, mamaya da ɓata-garin shugabannin yaƙi, gami da sojojin NATO, da fatan za mu ji baƙin cikin da kaka take yi wanda yanzu take mamakin yadda za ta taimaka wajen ciyarwa, matsuguni da kare iyalinta.
Ya kamata baƙin cikinta ya haifar da kafara daga ɓangaren ƙasashen da suka mamaye ƙasarta. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan ƙasashe na iya tsara biza da tallafi ga kowane ɗan Afghanistan wanda yanzu yake so ya gudu. Lissafi tare da katuwar tarkacen wannan kaka da ƙaunatattunta na fuskantar yakamata ya samar da cikakken shiri don kawar da dukkan yaƙe-yaƙe, har abada.
Wani fasalin wannan labarin ya fara bayyana a cikin Mujallar ci gaba
Hoto Hoto: 'Yan mata da uwaye, suna jiran gudummawar manyan barguna, Kabul, 2018
Katin Hoto: Dr. Hakim
Kathy Kelly (Kathy.vcnv@gmail.com) 'yar gwagwarmaya ce mai son zaman lafiya kuma marubuciya wanda wasu lokuta kokarinta kan kai ta gidajen yari da kuma wuraren yaki.
