By Phill Gittin, Jami'ar College London, Agusta 1, 2022
World BEYOND War abokan hulɗa da Rotary Action Group for Peace don gudanar da wani babban shirin samar da zaman lafiya
Bukatar samar da zaman lafiya tsakanin al'ummomi, jagorancin matasa, da al'adu daban-daban
Zaman lafiya mai dorewa ya ta'allaka ne akan iyawarmu ta yin hadin gwiwa yadda ya kamata a cikin tsararraki da al'adu.
Da farko, babu wata hanyar da za a bi don samun zaman lafiya mai dorewa wanda bai haɗa da shigar da dukkan tsararraki ba. Duk da yarjejeniya gama gari a fagen samar da zaman lafiya cewa aikin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin al'ummomi daban-daban yana da mahimmanci, dabaru da haɗin gwiwa ba wani muhimmin bangare ne na ayyukan gina zaman lafiya da yawa. Wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne, watakila, saboda akwai abubuwa da yawa da ke magance haɗin gwiwa, gaba ɗaya, da haɗin gwiwar tsakanin tsararraki, musamman. Dauki, misali, ilimi. Yawancin makarantu da jami'o'i har yanzu suna ba da fifikon ayyukan mutum ɗaya, waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga gasa kuma suna lalata damar haɗin gwiwa. Hakazalika, al'amuran gina zaman lafiya na yau da kullun sun dogara da tsarin sama-sama, wanda ke ba da fifikon canja wurin ilimi maimakon samar da ilimin haɗin gwiwa ko musayar. Wannan kuma yana da tasiri ga ayyukan tsaka-tsaki, saboda ana yin ƙoƙarin samar da zaman lafiya sau da yawa 'a kan', 'don', ko 'game da' mutanen gida ko al'ummomi maimakon 'tare' ko 'da' su (duba, Gittin, 2019).
Na biyu, yayin da ake buƙatar dukkanin tsararraki don ci gaba da tsammanin samun ci gaba mai dorewa cikin lumana, za a iya yin shari'ar da za ta ba da hankali da himma ga matasa masu tasowa da ƙoƙarin jagorancin matasa. A daidai lokacin da ake da matasa da yawa a duniyar nan fiye da kowane lokaci, yana da wuya a wuce gona da iri kan rawar da matasa (zasu iya da yi) suke takawa wajen yin aiki don samun ingantacciyar duniya. Labari mai dadi shine cewa sha'awar rawar da matasa ke takawa wajen samar da zaman lafiya na karuwa a duniya, kamar yadda shirin Matasa, Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro na duniya suka nuna, sabbin tsare-tsaren tsare-tsare na kasa da kasa, da tsare-tsaren ayyukan kasa, da kuma ci gaba da karuwar shirye-shirye da masana. aiki (duba, Gittin, 2020, Berents & Prelis, 2022). Mummunan labari shi ne cewa matasa ba su da wakilci a manufofin gina zaman lafiya, ayyuka, da bincike.
Na uku, Haɗin kai tsakanin al'adu yana da mahimmanci, saboda muna rayuwa a cikin duniyar da ke da alaƙa da haɗin kai. Saboda haka, ikon haɗi a cikin al'adu yana da mahimmanci fiye da kowane lokaci. Wannan yana ba da dama ga filin samar da zaman lafiya, ganin cewa an sami aikin al'adu don taimakawa wajen rushe ra'ayi mara kyau (Hofsted, 2001), warware rikici (Huntingdon, 1993), da kuma noma cikakkiyar alaƙa (Brantmeier & Brantmeier, 2020). Malamai da yawa - daga Lederach to Austesserre, tare da precursors a cikin aikin na Curle da kuma Galtung – nuna darajar haɗin kai tsakanin al’adu.
A taƙaice, zaman lafiya mai ɗorewa ya dogara ne akan iyawarmu ta yin aiki tsakanin al'adu da al'adu, da kuma samar da damammaki ga ƙoƙarin matasa. An gane muhimmancin waɗannan hanyoyi guda uku a cikin muhawarar siyasa da ilimi. Akwai, duk da haka, rashin fahimta game da abin da matasa ke jagoranta, zaman lafiya tsakanin al'adu / al'adu ya yi kama da a aikace - kuma musamman yadda yake kama da babban sikelin, a cikin zamani na dijital, a lokacin COVID.
Ilimin Zaman Lafiya da Aiki don Tasiri (PEAI)
Wadannan su ne wasu abubuwan da suka haifar da ci gaban Ilimi na zaman lafiya da Ayyuka don Tasiri (PEAI) - wani shiri na musamman da aka tsara don haɗawa da tallafawa matasa masu zaman lafiya (18-30) a duk faɗin duniya. Manufarta ita ce samar da sabon salo na samar da zaman lafiya na karni na 21 - wanda zai sabunta ra'ayoyinmu da ayyukanmu na abin da ake nufi da samar da jagorancin matasa, zaman lafiya da al'adu. Manufarsa ita ce ta ba da gudummawa ga canjin mutum da zamantakewa ta hanyar ilimi da aiki.
Ƙarfafa aikin shine matakai da ayyuka masu zuwa:
- Ilimi da aiki. PEAI tana jagorancin mai da hankali biyu kan ilimi da aiki, a fagen da ake buƙatar rufe tazarar da ke tsakanin nazarin zaman lafiya a matsayin batu da kuma aikin gina zaman lafiya a matsayin aiki (duba, Gittin, 2019).
- Mai da hankali kan kokarin tabbatar da zaman lafiya da yaki da yaki. PEAI tana ɗaukar hanya mai faɗi don zaman lafiya - wanda ya haɗa, amma yana ɗaukar fiye da, rashin yaƙi. Ya dogara ne akan sanin cewa zaman lafiya ba zai iya kasancewa tare da yaki ba, don haka zaman lafiya yana buƙatar duka mara kyau da kwanciyar hankali (duba, World BEYOND War).
- Hanya cikakke. PEAI tana ba da ƙalubale ga tsarin gama-gari na ilimin zaman lafiya waɗanda suka dogara da nau'ikan ilmantarwa masu ma'ana a cikin abubuwan da suka dace, da motsin rai, da kuma hanyoyin gogewa (duba, Cremin et al., 2018).
- Matakin da matasa ke jagoranta. Yawancin lokaci, ana yin aikin zaman lafiya 'a kan' ko 'game da' matasa ba 'ta' ko 'tare da' su ba (duba, Gittin et., 2021). PEAI yana ba da hanyar canza wannan.
- Intergeneration aiki. PEAI tana haɗa ƙungiyoyin gama gari tare don shiga cikin ayyukan haɗin gwiwa. Wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen magance rashin amincewa da aikin zaman lafiya tsakanin matasa da manya (duba, Simpson, 2018, Altiok & Grizelj, 2019).
- Koyon al'adu daban-daban. Ƙasashen da ke da bambancin zamantakewa, siyasa, tattalin arziki, da muhalli (ciki har da mabambantan zaman lafiya da yanayin rikici) na iya koyan abubuwa da yawa daga juna. PEAI yana ba da damar yin wannan koyo.
- Sake tunani da canza ƙarfin kuzari. PEAI tana mai da hankali sosai kan yadda hanyoyin 'ikon kan', 'ikon cikin', 'ikon zuwa', da 'ikon tare da' (duba, VeneKlasen & Miller, 2007) taka rawar gani a ayyukan samar da zaman lafiya.
- Amfani da fasahar dijital. PEAI tana ba da damar yin amfani da dandamali mai ma'amala wanda ke taimakawa sauƙaƙe haɗin kan layi da tallafawa ilmantarwa, rabawa, da tsarin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin tsararraki da al'adu daban-daban.
An shirya shirin ne a kan abin da Gittin (2021) ya bayyana a matsayin 'sani, kasancewa, da yin aikin gina zaman lafiya'. Yana neman daidaita ƙwaƙƙwaran hankali tare da haɗin kai da ƙwarewar tushen aiki. Shirin yana ɗaukar matakai biyu don kawo sauyi - ilimin zaman lafiya da aikin zaman lafiya - kuma ana ba da shi a cikin ingantaccen tsari, babban tasiri, tsari a kan makonni 14, tare da makonni shida na ilimin zaman lafiya, makonni 8 na aikin zaman lafiya. da kuma mayar da hankali ga ci gaban gaba.
ImpltsotsaharkaFarashin PEAI matukin jirgi
A shekarar 2021, World BEYOND War tare da Rotary Action Group for Peace don ƙaddamar da shirin PEAI na farko. Wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka hada matasa da al'ummomi a kasashe 12 a fadin nahiyoyi hudu (Cameroon, Canada, Colombia, Kenya, Nigeria, Russia, Serbia, Sudan ta Kudu, Turkiyya, Ukraine, Amurka, da Venezuela) tare, a daya mai dorewa. himma, don shiga cikin tsarin ci gaba na zaman lafiya tsakanin tsararraki da al'adu.
PEAI ta kasance ta hanyar tsarin jagoranci, wanda ya haifar da shirin da aka tsara, aiwatarwa, da kimantawa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar duniya. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Kungiyar Rotary Action for Peace ta gayyace ta World BEYOND War su zama abokan hulɗar dabarunsu akan wannan shiri. Anyi wannan don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Rotary, sauran masu ruwa da tsaki, da WBW; sauƙaƙe raba iko; da yin amfani da ƙwarewa, albarkatu, da hanyoyin sadarwar ƙungiyoyin biyu.
- Ƙungiyar Duniya (GT), wanda ya haɗa da mutane daga World BEYOND War da Rotary Action Group for Peace. Matsayin su ne don ba da gudummawa ga jagoranci tunani, kula da shirye-shirye, da rikon amana. GT na haduwa kowane mako, tsawon shekara guda, don hada matukin jirgi tare.
- Ƙungiyoyi / ƙungiyoyin da ke cikin gida a cikin ƙasashe 12. Kowace 'Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Kasa' (CPT), ta ƙunshi masu gudanarwa 2, masu ba da shawara 2, da matasa 10 (18-30). Kowace CPT tana saduwa akai-akai daga Satumba zuwa Disamba 2021.
- 'Ƙungiyar Bincike', wanda ya haɗa da mutane daga Jami'ar Cambridge, Jami'ar Columbia, Young Peacebuilders, da World BEYOND War. Wannan tawagar ta jagoranci matukin jirgin bincike. Wannan ya haɗa da tsarin kulawa da kimantawa don ganowa da kuma sadarwa mahimmancin aikin ga masu sauraro daban-daban.
Ayyuka da tasirin da aka haifar daga matukin PEAI
Duk da yake ba za a iya haɗa cikakken bayanin ayyukan samar da zaman lafiya da tasiri daga matukin jirgin ba a nan saboda dalilai na sararin samaniya, mai zuwa yana ba da haske kan mahimmancin wannan aikin, ga masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
1) Tasiri ga matasa da manya a cikin kasashe 12
PEAI ta amfana kai tsaye kusan matasa 120 da manya 40 da ke aiki tare da su, a cikin ƙasashe 12 daban-daban. Mahalarta sun ba da rahoton fa'idodi da dama da suka haɗa da:
- Ƙara ilimi da ƙwarewa masu alaƙa da gina zaman lafiya da dorewa.
- Haɓaka ƙwarewar jagoranci yana taimakawa don haɓaka haɗin kai da ƙwararru tare da kai, wasu, da duniya.
- Kara fahimtar rawar da matasa ke takawa wajen samar da zaman lafiya.
- Yawaita yaƙe-yaƙe da kafa yaƙi a matsayin shingen samun zaman lafiya da ci gaba mai dorewa.
- Ƙwarewa tare da wuraren ilmantarwa tsakanin tsararraki da al'adu da ayyuka, duka cikin mutum da kan layi.
- Ƙarfafa ƙwarewar tsarawa da faɗakarwa musamman dangane da aiwatarwa da sadar da ayyukan da matasa ke jagoranta, masu goyon bayan manya, da ayyukan da suka shafi al'umma.
- Haɓakawa da kiyaye hanyoyin sadarwa da alaƙa.
Bincike ya gano cewa:
- 74% na mahalarta a cikin shirin sun yi imanin cewa ƙwarewar PEAI ta ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban su a matsayin masu gina zaman lafiya.
- 91% sun ce yanzu suna da ikon yin tasiri mai kyau canji.
- Kashi 91% na jin kwarin gwiwa game da shiga aikin samar da zaman lafiya tsakanin tsararraki.
- Kashi 89% na ɗaukan kansu gogaggu a ƙoƙarin samar da zaman lafiya tsakanin al'adu
2) Tasiri ga kungiyoyi da al'ummomi a kasashe 12
PEAI sanye take, haɗawa, jagoranci, da tallafawa mahalarta don aiwatar da ayyukan zaman lafiya sama da 15 a ƙasashe 12 daban-daban. Waɗannan ayyukan sune tushen abin da 'aikin zaman lafiya mai kyau' shine duk game da, "tunanin hanyoyinmu zuwa sababbin nau'ikan ayyuka da kuma aiwatar da hanyarmu zuwa sabbin hanyoyin tunani" (Bing, 1989: 49).
3) Tasiri ga ilimin zaman lafiya da al'ummar gina zaman lafiya
Tunanin shirin na PEAI shine a haɗa ƙungiyoyin gama gari daga ko'ina cikin duniya, da kuma haɗa su cikin haɗin gwiwar koyo da aiki don samun zaman lafiya da dorewa. An raba ci gaban shirin da samfurin PEAI, tare da binciken da aka samu daga aikin gwaji, a cikin tattaunawa tare da membobi daga ƙungiyar ilimin zaman lafiya da samar da zaman lafiya ta hanyar gabatarwa daban-daban na kan layi da na kai tsaye. Wannan ya haɗa da taron ƙarshen aikin / bikin, inda matasa suka raba, a cikin kalmomin su, ƙwarewar PEAI da tasirin ayyukan zaman lafiya. Hakanan za a sanar da wannan aikin ta hanyar labaran mujallu guda biyu, a halin yanzu ana kan aiwatarwa, don nuna yadda shirin PEAI, da ƙirar sa, ke da damar yin tasiri ga sabbin tunani da ayyuka.
Menene gaba?
Matukin jirgin na 2021 yana ba da misali na gaske na abin da zai yiwu ta fuskar jagorancin matasa, zaman lafiya tsakanin al'adu/tsayin giciye a kan babban sikeli. Ba a ganin wannan matuƙin a matsayin ƙarshen ƙarshen kowane se, amma a matsayin sabon farawa - mai ƙarfi, tushen shaida, tushe don ginawa da kuma damar (sake) tunanin yiwuwar kwatance na gaba.
Tun farkon shekara, World BEYOND War ya yi aiki tuƙuru tare da Rotary Action Group for Peace, da sauransu, don gano abubuwan da za su iya faruwa a nan gaba - ciki har da dabarun shekaru da yawa wanda ke neman ɗaukar ƙalubale mai wuya na zuwa ma'auni ba tare da rasa dangantaka da bukatun da ke ƙasa ba. Ba tare da la'akari da dabarun da aka yi amfani da su ba - tsakanin tsararraki, jagorancin matasa, da haɗin gwiwar al'adu za su zama tushen wannan aikin.
Tarihin Mawallafi:
Phill Gittin, PhD, shine Daraktan Ilimi na World BEYOND War. Shi kuma a Rotary Peace Fellow, Yan uwa KAICIID, da Kyakkyawan Mai kunnawa Zaman Lafiya ga Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki da Salama. Yana da fiye da shekaru 20 na jagoranci, shirye-shirye, da gogewar bincike a fannonin zaman lafiya & rikice-rikice, ilimi & horarwa, ci gaban matasa da al'umma, da shawarwari & ilimin halin dan Adam. Ana iya samun Phill a: phill@worldbeyondwar.org. Nemo ƙarin game da shirin Ilimin Zaman Lafiya da Aiki don Tasiri a nan: a https://worldbeyondwar.org/action-for-impact/
