Makaman nukiliya Ruwa - Made a Amurka

By John LaForge

Wataƙila Amurka ita ce babbar mai gabatar da makamin nukiliya a duniya a yau, a bayyane take ta ɗaukar abubuwan da yarjejeniyar ta ƙunsa game da Makamashin Nukiliyar Nukiliya (NPT). Mataki na farko na yarjejeniyar ta hana masu sayarda makamai izinin tura makaman nukiliya zuwa wasu jihohi, kuma Sashe na II ya hana masu siye da karɓar makaman nukiliya daga wasu jihohin.

Yayinda taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kammala tattaunawarsa na tsawon wata guda a New York a makon da ya gabata, wakilan Amurka sun karkatar da hankali daga cin zarafinsu ta hanyar amfani da gargadinsu na jan kunne game da Iran da Koriya ta Arewa - tsohon ba tare da makamin nukiliya ko daya ba, na biyun kuma tare da 8-to-10 (a cewar waɗancan dillalan makamai a CIA) amma ba tare da hanyar isar da su ba.

Abun hanawa da wajibai na NPT ya sake tabbatarwa tare da fayyace su ta hanyar babbar hukumar shari’a ta duniya a cikin Ra’ayin Shawarwarin 1996 na Yuli game da matsayin doka na barazanar ko amfani da makamin Nukiliya. Kotun kasa da kasa ta ce a cikin wannan sanannen hukuncin cewa alkawurran NPT na hana turawa ko karba makaman nukiliya ba su da tushe, mara jituwa, ba su da tushe. Saboda waɗannan dalilai, cin amanar Amurka cikin sauki ne a misalta.

Jirgin mallakar makamai masu linzami na 'Nuclear' wanda aka kebe shi zuwa Navy na Burtaniya

Amurka ta “ba da izini” ga jirgin karkashin teku mai linzami na intanet-ballistic mai linzami (SLBMs) ​​zuwa Biritaniya don amfani da shi a karkashin manyan jiragen ruwa hudu na jirgin ruwa na Trident. Munyi wannan tsawon shekaru 20. Da Subsasar Burtaniya tayi balaguro a tekun Atlantika don ɗaukar makamai masu linzami da Amurka ta yi a sansanin Sojojin Sama na Na Bay a Georgia.

Taimakawa don tabbatar da cewa yaduwar Amurka ya ƙunshi mafi munin makaman nukiliya kawai, wani babban injiniyan injiniya a Lockheed Martin a California a halin yanzu ke da alhakin tsarawa, daidaitawa da aiwatar da ci gaba da samar da "UK Trident Mk4A [warhead] Reentry Systems a matsayin ɓangare na Tsarin Tsarin Makamai na UK 'Tsarin Tsawan Rayuwa.' ”Wannan, a cewar John Ainslie na Kamfen din Scotland na Yaki da Makaman Nukiliya, wanda ke sa ido sosai a kan Turawan Birtaniyya - wadanda dukkaninsu ke Scotland, abin da ya bata wa mutanen Scotland rai.

Hatta shugabannin yakin W76 masu dauke da makamai masu linzami mallakar Amurka da aka ba Ingila haya suna da sassan da aka yi a Amurka. Warheads suna amfani da Tsarin Canji na Gas (GTS) wanda ke adana tritium - nau'in hydrogen na rediyo wanda ke sanya “H” a cikin H-bom - kuma GTS suna saka tritium a cikin bututun plutonium ko “rami.” Duk kayayyakin GTS da aka yi amfani da su a cikin yakin Trident na Biritaniya an kera su ne a Amurka. Ana sayar da su ga Royals ko a ba su a musayar wani abin da ba a bayyana ba abin da ya faru.

David Webb, Shugaban kungiyar yakin neman zabe na Burtaniya na yanzu ya ba da rahoto yayin taron Nazarin NPT, kuma daga baya ya tabbatar a cikin imel zuwa Nukewatch, cewa dakin binciken kasa na Sandia a New Mexico ya sanar, a cikin watan Maris 2011, cewa ya gudanar da "na farko W76 United Kingdom gwajin gwaji ”a Makamanta Neman Makamashi da Gwajin Gwaji (WETL) a New Mexico, kuma cewa wannan ya" samar da bayanan cancantar mahimmanci ga aiwatarwar UK na W76-1. "W76 shine H-bam na 100 kiloton H-bam don abin da ake kira D-4 da D-5 Trident makamai masu linzami. Ofaya daga cikin centrifuges na Sandia's WETL yana kwatanta yanayin ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa na W76 "sake dawowa-abin hawa" ko warhead. Wannan babban hadadden hada-hada tsakanin Amurka da Burtaniya ana iya kiransa Proliferation Plus.

Mafi yawan sojojin Royal Navy's Trident warheads an kera su ne a sansanonin makaman Nukiliyar Aldermaston na Ingila, wanda ya ba Washington da London damar su ce sun yi biyayya ga NPT.

H-boma-bamai na Amurka ya Zama a cikin Kasashen NATO biyar

Wani mahimmin abin da ya saɓa wa dokar ta NPT shi ne shigar da Amurka tsakanin 184 da 200 bama-bamai masu nauyi, wanda ake kira B61, a cikin ƙasashen Turai biyar - Belgium, Netherlands, Italia, Turkey da Jamus. "Yarjejeniyar raba makaman nukiliya" tare da wadancan abokan hadin gwiwa a cikin NPT - dukkansu sun bayyana cewa su "kasashen da ba na nukiliya ba" - a bayyane sun bijire da Mataki na XNUMX da na II na yarjejeniyar.

Amurka ita ce kasa daya tilo a duniya da ke tura makaman nukiliya zuwa wasu kasashe, kuma a game da abokan huldar makamashin nukiliya guda biyar, Sojojin Sama na Amurka har ma da jiragen kasa Matukan jirgin Italiya, Bajamushe, Beljiyam, Turkawa da Holan a cikin amfani da B61s a cikin jiragen yakinsu - ya kamata Shugaban ya taɓa yin oda. Duk da haka, gwamnatin Amurka a koyaushe tana yin lacca ga wasu jihohi game da keta dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa, tura kan iyaka da dagula ayyuka.

Ta hanyar da yawa ne, yana da sha'awar cewa jami'an diflomasiyya a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun nuna girmamawa sosai don su iya nuna adawa ga NPT na Amurka, koda kuwa fadadawa da aiwatar da shi ke kan tebur. Kamar yadda Henry Thoreau ya ce, "Kuskuren mafi fa'ida da rikice-rikice yana buƙatar mafi kyawun halayen kirki da ba a kula da su ba."

- John LaForge yana aiki ne don Nukewatch, kungiyar dake sa ido kan makaman nukiliya a Wisconsin, yana gyara jaridar ta Quarterly, kuma ana hada shi ta hanyar PeaceVoice.