By John LaForge
Maganar Mayu 7 ta Arewa ta Arewa cewa ba za ta fara yin amfani da makaman nukiliya ba ya sadu da zane-zane na hukuma maimakon jin dadi da kaya. Babu wata rahoto game da sanarwar da zan iya ganowa cewa Amurka ba ta taɓa yin wannan jingina ta farko ba. Babu wani jaridu guda uku da aka ambata cewa Koriya ta Arewa ba ta samu makaman nukiliya ba. Jaridar New York Times ta amince da cewa, "Jami'an Amurka da na Korea ta kudu sun yi shakku cewa Koriya ta Arewa ta kirkiro makami mai linzami mai kwakwalwa wanda zai iya samar da makaman nukiliya ga Amurka."
Makaman nukiliya "farko amfani" na nufin ma'anar makaman nukiliya ne ko kuma karuwa daga mummunan lalacewa na amfani da makaman nukiliya, kuma shugabannin sunyi barazana da shi kamar yadda 15 ya yi. A cikin gine-gine zuwa bama-bamai na Gidan Gulf na 1991 na Persian, jami'an Amurka da suka hada da Def. Sec. Dick Cheney da Sec. na Jihar James Baker a fili, kuma ya nuna cewa, {asar Amirka na amfani da makaman nukiliya. A tsakiyar bombardment, Rep. Dan Burton, R-Ind., Da kuma marubuci mai suna Cal Thomas sunyi yunkurin inganta yakin nukiliya a Iraq.
A cikin watan Afrilu na 1996, Mataimakin Sakataren Tsaro na Shugaba Bill Clinton Herald Smith ya yi barazanar yin amfani da makaman nukiliya a kan Libya da ba ta nukiliya ba - wacce ta kasance wani bangare na Yarjejeniyar hana Nukiliya - saboda zargin gina wata masana'antar kera makamai. Lokacin da aka tambayi Sakataren Tsaro na Clinton William J. Perry game da wannan barazanar sai ya maimaita ta, yana cewa, “[W] e ba zai kyale wannan damar ba.” (Yarjejeniyar hana yaduwar kayayyaki ta hana kai harin makamin nukiliya a kan sauran bangarorin jihohi.)
A "60" (PD 60) na Shugaba 1997 na Nuwamba 60, Clinton ta gabatar da makaman nukiliya na farko da ya yi amfani da makircin makaminsa. Hakanan ana amfani da bama-bamai na Amurka a kasashe masu tasowa da Gwamnatin ta gano ta zama "damuwa." PD XNUMX ya saukar da matakan da ƙyama ga makaman nukiliya. Harshen Harshen Clinton "zai ba da damar Amurka ta kaddamar da makaman nukiliya don mayar da martani ga yin amfani da makamai ko makamai masu guba," in ji Los Angeles da New York Times. (Tattaunawa cewa muna buƙatar H-bombs don hana hare-haren sunadarai kamar na muna bukatar masu amfani da makamashin nukiliya don tafasa da ruwa.) Daftarin ka'idojin ƙaddamarwa a karkashin bas, Clinton ta "umarce cewa sojoji ... sun adana dama don amfani da makaman nukiliya na farko, ko kafin da kisan gillar makamai. "
Umurnin da Clinton ta bayar ya kasance tsawatarwa ga Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Kasa (NAS) - babbar kungiyar masu ba da shawara kan kimiyya - wacce ta ba da shawarar watanni shida da suka gabata, a ranar 18 ga Yunin, 1997, cewa Amurka, “ta bayyana cewa ba za ta fara amfani da ita ba makaman nukiliya a yaƙi ko rikici. ” A watan Afrilu 1998, Wakilin Jakadancin Amurka na Amurka a Moscow a sanyaye ya ki yarda da amfani da makamin nukiliya a kan Iraki, yana mai cewa, “… ba mu kawar da duk wani damar da muke da shi ba tukuna.”
Har ila yau, a cikin Janairu da Fabrairu 2003, sakatariyar Gwamnatin Jihar Colin Powell da kuma Sakataren Harkokin Watsa Labarun White House, Ari Fleischer, sun ki yarda da cewa ba su da makaman nukiliya a matsayin wani zaɓi a yakin Iraki, inda ya ce gwamnatin Amurka ba ta da iko ta yi mulki, Wade Boese na Arms Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar ta ruwaito. Bugu da ƙari, Def. Sec. Donald Rumsfeld ya ce a a Feb. 13 Majalisar Dattijai ta Majalisar Dattijai ta ji cewa manufar gwamnati ta bayyana cewa Amurka, "... ba ta daina amfani da makaman nukiliya idan an kai hari."
Addamar da ƙarshen waɗannan tsoratar da bam ɗin zai haifar da aikin Amurka daidai da saurin shugaban ƙasa wanda ke yin tir da "ta'addanci na nukiliya" akai-akai. Yarjejeniyar ƙasa da ƙasa a kan “rigakafin da ba na nukiliya ba,” da wasu ƙasashe biyar masu mallakar makaman nukiliya suka ɗauka a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 1995, ba ta dakatar da tuhumar munafunci da aka yi musu ba. Yarjejeniyar tana cike da keɓaɓɓu - misali, PD 60 - kuma ba a kwance ba. Kasar Sin ce kadai ta yi wannan alkawarin maras tabbas: “A kowane lokaci kuma ba tare da wani yanayi ba China za ta zama ta farko da za ta fara amfani da makaman nukiliya kuma [China] ta dauki alkawarin ba tare da wani sharadi ba da ba za ta yi amfani da ko yin barazanar amfani da makaman nukiliya a kan kasashen da ba na nukiliya da yankunan da ba su da nukiliya ba . ” Indiya ta yi irin wannan alƙawarin ba-amfani da farko.
Amfani da Amurka na farko da aka yi amfani da shi na farko zai bar kawunan da suka fi dacewa ta hanyar kawo ƙarshen muhawara a kan abin da ake kira "ƙofa" na Bomb. Har ila yau, zai kawo karshen yunkurin bayyanar da jama'a na yada shelar cewa makaman nukiliya ba kawai don karewa ba yayin da ake shirye-shiryen hare-haren "kafin a kaddamar da hare-haren makamai."
Ba da amfani da "yin amfani da farko ba" zai adana biliyoyin daloli a bincike, bunkasa da samarwa, da kuma nauyin kula da fararen kullun: B61 H-bomb, Trident submarine warheads, Cruise da makamai masu linzami na ƙasa.
Abu mai mahimmanci, masu shirin yaƙin nukiliya waɗanda suka yi amfani da “master card” na yajin aiki na farko sun yi imanin sun yi nasara - hanyar da ɗan fashi zai iya samun jakar kuɗi ta amfani da bindiga da aka ɗora amma ba tare da jawo abin ba. Suna so su ci gaba da rike mukaminsu na "ace" a saman hannayensu, kuma sun kirkiro wani abin kyama game da watsi da amfani da makaman nukiliya a hukumance, tunda yin hakan na iya kara sanya dalilan "cin nasarar" hukuma game da gwajin bamabamai na radiation a kan Hiroshima da Nagasaki a cikin 1945.
Dole ne Amurka ta rungumi harshe maras amfani da kasar Sin kuma ta yi alkawalin kada su yi amfani da makaman nukiliya na farko ko kuma a kan jihohin nukiliya. Idan Shugaba Obama yana so ya magance matsalolin duniya ba tare da neman gafara ga Hiroshima ba idan ya ziyarci birni mai ban mamaki, zai iya maye gurbin Clinton ta jagorancin shugabancinsa, ya bayyana cewa Amurka ba za ta sake kasancewa ta farko da za ta shiga nukiliya ba.
John LaForge, wanda aka sanya shi ta hanyar PeaceVoice, shi ne Co-darektan Nukewatch, ƙungiyar zaman lafiya da muhalli a Wisconsin, kuma shi ne magatakarda tare da Arianne Peterson na Nuclear Heartland, Revised: Jagora ga 450 Land-Based Missiles na Amurka.
